Ruby on rails RubyonRails不兼容库

我刚刚开始研究RubyonRails，但无法运行服务器。我正在运行ruby 2.3.0和rails 4.2.5，在我有了一个新的rail项目后，我尝试运行

bin/rails服务器

，但出现以下错误：

Warning: Running `gem pristine --all` to regenerate your installed gemspecs (and deleting then reinstalling your bundle if you use bundle --path) will improve the startup performance of Spring.
/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/json-1.8.3/lib/json/ext.rb:13:in `require': incompatible library version - /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/json-1.8.3/lib/json/ext/parser.bundle (fatal)
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/json-1.8.3/lib/json/ext.rb:13:in `<module:Ext>'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/json-1.8.3/lib/json/ext.rb:12:in `<module:JSON>'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/json-1.8.3/lib/json/ext.rb:9:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/json-1.8.3/lib/json.rb:58:in `require'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/json-1.8.3/lib/json.rb:58:in `<module:JSON>'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/json-1.8.3/lib/json.rb:54:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/activesupport-4.2.5/lib/active_support/core_ext/object/json.rb:2:in `require'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/activesupport-4.2.5/lib/active_support/core_ext/object/json.rb:2:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/activesupport-4.2.5/lib/active_support/core_ext/object.rb:12:in `require'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/activesupport-4.2.5/lib/active_support/core_ext/object.rb:12:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/configuration.rb:2:in `require'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/configuration.rb:2:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/railtie.rb:2:in `require'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/railtie.rb:2:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/engine.rb:1:in `require'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/engine.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/application.rb:7:in `require'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/application.rb:7:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails.rb:11:in `require'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails.rb:11:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/commands/server.rb:4:in `require'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/commands/server.rb:4:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:123:in `require'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:123:in `require_command!'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:73:in `server'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:39:in `run_command!'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/commands.rb:17:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/John/Developer/Rails/blog/bin/rails:9:in `require'
    from /Users/John/Developer/Rails/blog/bin/rails:9:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/spring-1.6.1/lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in `load'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/spring-1.6.1/lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in `call'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/spring-1.6.1/lib/spring/client/command.rb:7:in `call'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/spring-1.6.1/lib/spring/client.rb:28:in `run'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/spring-1.6.1/bin/spring:51:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/spring-1.6.1/lib/spring/binstub.rb:11:in `load'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/spring-1.6.1/lib/spring/binstub.rb:11:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/rubies/ruby-head/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.3.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:54:in `require'
    from /Users/John/.rvm/rubies/ruby-head/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.3.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:54:in `require'
    from /Users/John/Developer/Rails/blog/bin/spring:13:in `<top (required)>'
    from bin/rails:3:in `load'
    from bin/rails:3:in `<main>'

警告：运行'gem pristine--all'重新生成已安装的gempecs（如果使用bundle--path，则删除并重新安装bundle）将提高Spring的启动性能。
/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/json-1.8.3/lib/json/ext.rb:13:in'require'：不兼容的库版本-/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/json-1.8.3/lib/json/ext/parser.bundle（致命）
from/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/json-1.8.3/lib/json/ext.rb:13:in`'
from/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/json-1.8.3/lib/json/ext.rb:12:in`'
from/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/json-1.8.3/lib/json/ext.rb:9:in`'
from/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/json-1.8.3/lib/json.rb:58:in'require'
from/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/json-1.8.3/lib/json.rb:58:in`'
from/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/json-1.8.3/lib/json.rb:54:in`'
来自/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/activesupport-4.2.5/lib/active\u-support/core\u-ext/object/json.rb:2:in“require”
来自/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/activesupport-4.2.5/lib/active\u-support/core\u-ext/object/json.rb:2:in`'
来自/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/activesupport-4.2.5/lib/active\u-support/core\u-ext/object.rb:12:in'require'
来自/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/activesupport-4.2.5/lib/active\u-support/core\u-ext/object.rb:12:in`'
来自/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/configuration.rb:2:in'require'
来自/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/configuration.rb:2:in`'
from/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/railtie.rb:2:in'require'
from/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/railtie.rb:2:in`'
from/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/engine.rb:1:in'require'
来自/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/engine.rb:1:in`'
from/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/application.rb:7:in'require'
来自/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/application.rb:7:in`'
from/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails.rb:11:in'require'
from/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails.rb:11:in`'
来自/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/commands/server.rb:4:in'require'
来自/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/commands/server.rb:4:in`'
from/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/commands/commands\u tasks.rb:123:in'require'
from/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/commands/commands\u tasks.rb:123:in'require\u command！'
from/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/commands/commands\u tasks.rb:73:in'server'
from/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/commands/commands\u tasks.rb:39:in'run\u command！'
来自/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/commands.rb:17:in`'
from/Users/John/Developer/Rails/blog/bin/Rails:9:in'require'
from/Users/John/Developer/Rails/blog/bin/Rails:9:in`'
from/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/spring-1.6.1/lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in'load'
from/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/spring-1.6.1/lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in'call'
from/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/spring-1.6.1/lib/spring/client/command.rb:7:in'call'
from/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/spring-1.6.1/lib/spring/client.rb:28:in'run'
from/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/spring-1.6.1/bin/spring:51:in`'
from/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/spring-1.6.1/lib/spring/binstub.rb:11:in'load'
from/Users/John/.rvm/gems/ruby-head/gems/spring-1.6.1/lib/spring/binstub.rb:11:in`'
from/Users/John/.rvm/rubies/ruby head/lib/ruby/site\u ruby/2.3.0/rubygems/core\u ext/kernel\u require.rb:54:in'require'
from/Users/John/.rvm/rubies/ruby head/lib/ruby/site\u ruby/2.3.0/rubygems/core\u ext/kernel\u require.rb:54:in'require'
from/Users/John/Developer/Rails/blog/bin/spring:13:in`'
来自料仓/轨道：3:在“装载”中
从箱子/轨道：3:in`'

---

Gem列表显示我有

json（1.8.3，1.8.2）

。我还尝试重新安装rails并通过rvm更新我的ruby版本。你知道怎么了吗？我试着在网上四处看看，但有点卡住了，尤其是因为我以前从未使用过rails，而且只使用过一点ruby。

它看起来像是一个从未使用过的

json

gem版本已经存在，并且正在被rails接受。您可以手动删除该版本：

gem uninstall json -v 1.8.2

---

或者，因为您已经在使用RVM，所以这是一个特定于此项目的gemset。

在您的ruby环境中，有些东西变得奇怪/损坏了。我会责怪rvm。就我个人而言，我不是rvm的粉丝

---

但是您可以尝试

gem卸载json

，按照提示卸载所有版本。然后再次安装

bundle

。希望你能康复

在使用不同的ruby版本（从2.3.0->2.3.3）后，我遇到了与您描述的类似的问题

我发现跑步：

$ gem install bundler

然后：

---

。。。为我施了魔法。这在没有任何依赖性问题的情况下重新安装了我的Gemfile中所需的所有软件包。

您使用的是Windows还是Linux？json的本机扩展似乎没有编译。@RichPeck我使用的是OS XD当您运行

bundle exec rails server

时是否仍会出现相同的问题？

捆绑检查是否成功运行？您的
Gemfile.lock中是否提到了
json
？@Raffael
bundle exec rails服务器也会失败<代码>捆绑检查
成功运行
$ bundle install