Ruby on rails LoadError:无法加载这样的文件--rails\u helper（rails 6和Rspec）

我正在尝试为Rails6项目编写rspec测试

当我跑的时候

rspec规范/控制器/用户规范rb

我得到这个错误

    Migrations are pending. To resolve this issue, 
      run:rails db:migrate RAILS_ENV=test 
    No examples found.

    rails aborted!
    LoadError: cannot load such file -- rails_helper
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `block in require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/loaded_features_index.rb:89:in `register'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:21:in `require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:40:in `rescue in require'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:26:in `require'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/zeitwerk-2.2.1/lib/zeitwerk/kernel.rb:23:in `require'
    /Users/MacBookAir/workspace/squealer/spec/factories/devise.rb:1:in `<main>'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:54:in `load'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:54:in `load'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/factory_bot-5.1.1/lib/factory_bot/find_definitions.rb:20:in `block (2 levels) in find_definitions'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/factory_bot-5.1.1/lib/factory_bot/find_definitions.rb:19:in `each'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/factory_bot-5.1.1/lib/factory_bot/find_definitions.rb:19:in `block in find_definitions'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/factory_bot-5.1.1/lib/factory_bot/find_definitions.rb:15:in `each'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/factory_bot-5.1.1/lib/factory_bot/find_definitions.rb:15:in `find_definitions'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/factory_bot-5.1.1/lib/factory_bot/reload.rb:6:in `reload'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/factory_bot_rails-5.1.1/lib/factory_bot_rails/railtie.rb:26:in `block in <class:Railtie>'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:69:in `block in execute_hook'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:62:in `with_execution_control'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:67:in `execute_hook'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:52:in `block in run_load_hooks'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:51:in `each'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:51:in `run_load_hooks'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/application/finisher.rb:129:in `block in <module:Finisher>'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:32:in `instance_exec'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:32:in `run'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:61:in `block in run_initializers'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:60:in `run_initializers'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/application.rb:363:in `initialize!'
    /Users/MacBookAir/workspace/squealer/config/environment.rb:14:in `<main>'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `block in require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/loaded_features_index.rb:92:in `register'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:21:in `require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:30:in `require'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/zeitwerk-2.2.1/lib/zeitwerk/kernel.rb:23:in `require'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:325:in `block in require'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:291:in `load_dependency'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:325:in `require'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/application.rb:339:in `require_environment!'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/application.rb:515:in `block in run_tasks_blocks'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/commands/rake/rake_command.rb:23:in `block in perform'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/commands/rake/rake_command.rb:20:in `perform'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/command.rb:48:in `invoke'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/commands.rb:18:in `<main>'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `block in require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/loaded_features_index.rb:92:in `register'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:21:in `require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:30:in `require'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:325:in `block in require'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:291:in `load_dependency'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:325:in `require'
    /Users/MacBookAir/workspace/squealer/bin/rails:9:in `<top (required)>'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/spring-2.1.0/lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in `load'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/spring-2.1.0/lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in `call'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/spring-2.1.0/lib/spring/client/command.rb:7:in `call'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/spring-2.1.0/lib/spring/client.rb:30:in `run'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/spring-2.1.0/bin/spring:49:in `<top (required)>'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/spring-2.1.0/lib/spring/binstub.rb:11:in `load'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/spring-2.1.0/lib/spring/binstub.rb:11:in `<top (required)>'
    /Users/MacBookAir/workspace/squealer/bin/spring:15:in `<top (required)>'
    bin/rails:3:in `load'
    bin/rails:3:in `<main>'

    Caused by:
    Bootsnap::LoadPathCache::FallbackScan:

    Tasks: TOP => db:migrate => db:load_config => environment
    (See full trace by running task with --trace)

所以我跑了

railsdb:migrate rails\u ENV=test

然后我得到了这个错误

    Migrations are pending. To resolve this issue, 
      run:rails db:migrate RAILS_ENV=test 
    No examples found.

    rails aborted!
    LoadError: cannot load such file -- rails_helper
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `block in require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/loaded_features_index.rb:89:in `register'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:21:in `require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:40:in `rescue in require'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:26:in `require'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/zeitwerk-2.2.1/lib/zeitwerk/kernel.rb:23:in `require'
    /Users/MacBookAir/workspace/squealer/spec/factories/devise.rb:1:in `<main>'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:54:in `load'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:54:in `load'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/factory_bot-5.1.1/lib/factory_bot/find_definitions.rb:20:in `block (2 levels) in find_definitions'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/factory_bot-5.1.1/lib/factory_bot/find_definitions.rb:19:in `each'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/factory_bot-5.1.1/lib/factory_bot/find_definitions.rb:19:in `block in find_definitions'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/factory_bot-5.1.1/lib/factory_bot/find_definitions.rb:15:in `each'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/factory_bot-5.1.1/lib/factory_bot/find_definitions.rb:15:in `find_definitions'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/factory_bot-5.1.1/lib/factory_bot/reload.rb:6:in `reload'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/factory_bot_rails-5.1.1/lib/factory_bot_rails/railtie.rb:26:in `block in <class:Railtie>'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:69:in `block in execute_hook'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:62:in `with_execution_control'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:67:in `execute_hook'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:52:in `block in run_load_hooks'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:51:in `each'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:51:in `run_load_hooks'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/application/finisher.rb:129:in `block in <module:Finisher>'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:32:in `instance_exec'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:32:in `run'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:61:in `block in run_initializers'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:60:in `run_initializers'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/application.rb:363:in `initialize!'
    /Users/MacBookAir/workspace/squealer/config/environment.rb:14:in `<main>'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `block in require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/loaded_features_index.rb:92:in `register'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:21:in `require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:30:in `require'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/zeitwerk-2.2.1/lib/zeitwerk/kernel.rb:23:in `require'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:325:in `block in require'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:291:in `load_dependency'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:325:in `require'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/application.rb:339:in `require_environment!'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/application.rb:515:in `block in run_tasks_blocks'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/commands/rake/rake_command.rb:23:in `block in perform'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/commands/rake/rake_command.rb:20:in `perform'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/command.rb:48:in `invoke'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/railties-6.0.1/lib/rails/commands.rb:18:in `<main>'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `require'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:22:in `block in require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/loaded_features_index.rb:92:in `register'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:21:in `require_with_bootsnap_lfi'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/lib/bootsnap/load_path_cache/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:30:in `require'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:325:in `block in require'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:291:in `load_dependency'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/activesupport-6.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:325:in `require'
    /Users/MacBookAir/workspace/squealer/bin/rails:9:in `<top (required)>'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/spring-2.1.0/lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in `load'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/spring-2.1.0/lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in `call'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/spring-2.1.0/lib/spring/client/command.rb:7:in `call'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/spring-2.1.0/lib/spring/client.rb:30:in `run'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/spring-2.1.0/bin/spring:49:in `<top (required)>'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/spring-2.1.0/lib/spring/binstub.rb:11:in `load'
    /Users/MacBookAir/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.6.3/gems/spring-2.1.0/lib/spring/binstub.rb:11:in `<top (required)>'
    /Users/MacBookAir/workspace/squealer/bin/spring:15:in `<top (required)>'
    bin/rails:3:in `load'
    bin/rails:3:in `<main>'

    Caused by:
    Bootsnap::LoadPathCache::FallbackScan:

    Tasks: TOP => db:migrate => db:load_config => environment
    (See full trace by running task with --trace)

在这一点上，我准备把我的笔记本电脑扔进垃圾桶。我甚至不知道zeitwerk gem是什么，也不知道线程安全代码加载程序是做什么的。我只知道Rails 6需要它

我的github回购协议是

---

有人知道我做错了什么吗？

我刚看过你的回购协议。实际上，您没有

rails\u助手

文件。您应该为

rails\u helper

执行查找和替换，并将其替换为

test\u helper

我刚刚查看了您的repo。实际上，您没有

rails\u助手

文件。您应该为

rails\u helper

执行查找和替换，并将其替换为

test\u helper

啊-我找到了答案。我没有仔细阅读错误日志

我用的是设计宝石。在我的错误日志中，第8行提到spec/factories/develope.rb中的一个文件

我看了看那份文件，发现我把

需要文件顶部的“rails\u helper.rb”

。 我去掉了那条线，现在我可以跑了

railsdb:migrate rails\u ENV=TEST

---

我想这是一堂认真阅读错误日志的课

啊-我找到了答案。我没有仔细阅读错误日志

我用的是设计宝石。在我的错误日志中，第8行提到spec/factories/develope.rb中的一个文件

我看了看那份文件，发现我把

需要文件顶部的“rails\u helper.rb”

。 我去掉了那条线，现在我可以跑了

railsdb:migrate rails\u ENV=TEST

---

我想这是仔细阅读错误日志的一个教训

你试过这里的建议了吗：是的，我看过那篇文章。我使用的是rspec3.9，我已经完成了

rails生成rspec:install

，这就是我获得rails\u helper.rb文件的原因。如果你试过这里的建议，我还是觉得没用：是的，我看过那篇文章。我使用的是rspec3.9，我已经完成了

rails生成rspec:install

，这就是我获得rails\u helper.rb文件的原因。它仍然没有帮助我，所以我实际上有rails\u helper.rb文件。它在spec/rails\u helper.rb中，当您运行

rails generate rspec:install

时，它会自动创建。我相信test\u helper.rb只用于Minitest，我不使用它。所以我实际上有rails\u helper.rb文件。它在spec/rails\u helper.rb中，当您运行

rails generate rspec:install

时，它会自动创建，我相信test\u helper.rb只用于Minitest，我不使用它。