Sql server 更改查询上的比较值时高度显示执行时间

我对查询的执行时间有一个问题，这让我感到困惑。 我知道一些解决问题的方法，可以获得更好、可接受的执行时间，但仍然不知道问题发生的原因

样本表 我们有两个表，由外键关联

表1

| Id | IdTable2 |
|:--:|:--------:|
|  1 |     4    |
|  2 |     7    |
|  3 |     8    |
|  4 |     6    |
|  5 |     4    |
|  6 |     1    |
|  7 |     1    |
|  8 |     6    |
|  9 |     7    |
| 10 |     1    |

表2

| Id | ValueField |
|:--:|:----------:|
|  1 |      0     |
|  2 |      0     |
|  3 |      0     |
|  4 |      1     |
|  5 |      0     |
|  6 |      1     |
|  7 |      0     |

查询 其中

？

可以是

0

或

1

实际数据计数 以上表格仅为简化示例，但这些表格的实际行数如下所示：

• 表1:60420行
• 表2:62行

• 表2带有ValueField

  0

  ：51行

• 表2带有ValueField

  1

  ：11行

• 带IDTable1带ValueField的Table2

  0

  ：599行

• 带ID的表1带ValueField的表2

  1

  ：59821行

问题 首先，我认为子查询是一个难题，但是如果子查询是一个问题，那么不同的值不会在这么长的时间内执行，所以我猜可能是检索到的数据量是一个问题，所以我尝试以下方法：

SELECT * FROM Table1 WHERE IdTable2 IN (1,2,3,5,7); -- Equivalent of ValueField 0
-- Execution time LOW/INSTANT
SELECT * FROM Table1 WHERE IdTable2 IN (4,6); -- Equivalent of ValueField 1
-- Execution time LOW/INSTANT

嗯。。。检索到的数据也不是这样，让我们尝试其他方法：

SELECT * FROM Table1 WHERE IdTable2 IN (SELECT Id FROM Table2 WHERE ValueField = 0);
-- Execution time LOW/INSTANT
SELECT * FROM Table1 WHERE IdTable2 NOT IN (SELECT Id FROM Table2 WHERE ValueField = 0);
-- Execution time LOW/INSTANT

如果我把它倒过来会怎么样

SELECT * FROM Table1 WHERE IdTable2 NOT IN (SELECT Id FROM Table2 WHERE ValueField = 1);
-- Execution time LOW/INSTANT
SELECT * FROM Table1 WHERE IdTable2 IN (SELECT Id FROM Table2 WHERE ValueField = 0);
-- Execution time LOW/INSTANT

嗯。。。。这几乎告诉我，问题不在子查询上，也不在数据上，但为什么与

ValueField=1

进行比较并在

中使用
会导致问题，并且没有任何替代方法可以复制高执行时间

执行计划
对于ValueField
1
中的SQL：

SELECT * FROM Incidencias WHERE EstadoWorkflow in (SELECT IdEstadoWorkflow FROM EstadosWorkflows WHERE Final = 1);

SELECT * FROM Incidencias WHERE EstadoWorkflow not in (SELECT IdEstadoWorkflow FROM EstadosWorkflows WHERE Final = 1);


对于ValueField中的SQL
0
：

SELECT * FROM Incidencias WHERE EstadoWorkflow in (SELECT IdEstadoWorkflow FROM EstadosWorkflows WHERE Final = 0);

SELECT * FROM Incidencias WHERE EstadoWorkflow not in (SELECT IdEstadoWorkflow FROM EstadosWorkflows WHERE Final = 0);


对于不在ValueField
0
中的SQL：

SELECT * FROM Incidencias WHERE EstadoWorkflow in (SELECT IdEstadoWorkflow FROM EstadosWorkflows WHERE Final = 0);

SELECT * FROM Incidencias WHERE EstadoWorkflow not in (SELECT IdEstadoWorkflow FROM EstadosWorkflows WHERE Final = 0);


对于不在ValueField
1
中的SQL：

SELECT * FROM Incidencias WHERE EstadoWorkflow in (SELECT IdEstadoWorkflow FROM EstadosWorkflows WHERE Final = 1);

SELECT * FROM Incidencias WHERE EstadoWorkflow not in (SELECT IdEstadoWorkflow FROM EstadosWorkflows WHERE Final = 1);


这些查询与我在示例中发布的查询完全相同，但有其他名称，这是示例查询与实际查询等价的字典


表1：发病率
表2：设置工作流
IdTable2：建立工作流程
表2.Id：IdEstadoWorkflow
值字段：最终

反过来，为了更好地阅读：


发病率：表1
建立工作流：表2
建立工作流程：IdTable2
IdEstadoWorkflow：表2.Id
最终版：值字段

实际生产查询
这种带有查询计划的查询显示了相同的问题，但会带来额外的昂贵操作（如巨大的exists和join），问题会变得更糟。
我真的希望我没有用简化的例子误导你

在
中用值
0
查询

SELECT distinct top 15 this_.IdIncidencia as y0_, this_.Fecha as y1_ 
FROM Incidencias this_ inner join Usuarios usuario1_ on this_.Usuario=usuario1_.IdUsuario inner join Usuarios_Perfiles perfiles5_ on usuario1_.IdUsuario=perfiles5_.Usuario and (perfiles5_.perfil in (select perfiles.idperfil from perfiles where perfiles.borrado = 0)) inner join Perfiles prf2_ on perfiles5_.Perfil=prf2_.IdPerfil 
WHERE 
this_.Instancia = 4 and 
this_.EstadoWorkflow in (SELECT this_0_.IdEstadoWorkflow as y0_ FROM EstadosWorkflows this_0_ WHERE this_0_.Final = 0) and 
exists (SELECT this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso as y0_ FROM Perfiles_Permisos this_0_ inner join Permisos prm1_ on this_0_.Permiso=prm1_.IdPermiso WHERE this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso in (206558, 206559, 209393, 209394) and (this_0_.PerfilAutorizado = prf2_.IdPerfil and this_0_.TipologiaAutorizada = this_.Tipologia and prm1_.Controlador = 'Incidencias' and prm1_.Accion = 'Index')) 
ORDER BY this_.Fecha desc

SELECT distinct top 15 this_.IdIncidencia as y0_, this_.Fecha as y1_ 
FROM Incidencias this_ inner join Usuarios usuario1_ on this_.Usuario=usuario1_.IdUsuario inner join Usuarios_Perfiles perfiles5_ on usuario1_.IdUsuario=perfiles5_.Usuario and (perfiles5_.perfil in (select perfiles.idperfil from perfiles where perfiles.borrado = 0)) inner join Perfiles prf2_ on perfiles5_.Perfil=prf2_.IdPerfil 
WHERE 
this_.Instancia = 4 and 
this_.EstadoWorkflow in (SELECT this_0_.IdEstadoWorkflow as y0_ FROM EstadosWorkflows this_0_ WHERE this_0_.Final = 1) and 
exists (SELECT this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso as y0_ FROM Perfiles_Permisos this_0_ inner join Permisos prm1_ on this_0_.Permiso=prm1_.IdPermiso WHERE this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso in (206558, 206559, 209393, 209394) and (this_0_.PerfilAutorizado = prf2_.IdPerfil and this_0_.TipologiaAutorizada = this_.Tipologia and prm1_.Controlador = 'Incidencias' and prm1_.Accion = 'Index')) 
ORDER BY this_.Fecha desc

SELECT distinct top 15 this_.IdIncidencia as y0_, this_.Fecha as y1_ 
FROM Incidencias this_ inner join Usuarios usuario1_ on this_.Usuario=usuario1_.IdUsuario inner join Usuarios_Perfiles perfiles5_ on usuario1_.IdUsuario=perfiles5_.Usuario and (perfiles5_.perfil in (select perfiles.idperfil from perfiles where perfiles.borrado = 0)) inner join Perfiles prf2_ on perfiles5_.Perfil=prf2_.IdPerfil 
WHERE 
this_.Instancia = 4 and 
this_.EstadoWorkflow not in (SELECT this_0_.IdEstadoWorkflow as y0_ FROM EstadosWorkflows this_0_ WHERE this_0_.Final = 0) and 
exists (SELECT this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso as y0_ FROM Perfiles_Permisos this_0_ inner join Permisos prm1_ on this_0_.Permiso=prm1_.IdPermiso WHERE this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso in (206558, 206559, 209393, 209394) and (this_0_.PerfilAutorizado = prf2_.IdPerfil and this_0_.TipologiaAutorizada = this_.Tipologia and prm1_.Controlador = 'Incidencias' and prm1_.Accion = 'Index')) 
ORDER BY this_.Fecha desc

SELECT distinct top 15 this_.IdIncidencia as y0_, this_.Fecha as y1_ 
FROM Incidencias this_ inner join Usuarios usuario1_ on this_.Usuario=usuario1_.IdUsuario inner join Usuarios_Perfiles perfiles5_ on usuario1_.IdUsuario=perfiles5_.Usuario and (perfiles5_.perfil in (select perfiles.idperfil from perfiles where perfiles.borrado = 0)) inner join Perfiles prf2_ on perfiles5_.Perfil=prf2_.IdPerfil 
WHERE 
this_.Instancia = 4 and 
this_.EstadoWorkflow not in (SELECT this_0_.IdEstadoWorkflow as y0_ FROM EstadosWorkflows this_0_ WHERE this_0_.Final = 1) and 
exists (SELECT this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso as y0_ FROM Perfiles_Permisos this_0_ inner join Permisos prm1_ on this_0_.Permiso=prm1_.IdPermiso WHERE this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso in (206558, 206559, 209393, 209394) and (this_0_.PerfilAutorizado = prf2_.IdPerfil and this_0_.TipologiaAutorizada = this_.Tipologia and prm1_.Controlador = 'Incidencias' and prm1_.Accion = 'Index')) 
ORDER BY this_.Fecha desc

执行时间：266ms。
执行计划：

在
中使用值
1查询

SELECT distinct top 15 this_.IdIncidencia as y0_, this_.Fecha as y1_ 
FROM Incidencias this_ inner join Usuarios usuario1_ on this_.Usuario=usuario1_.IdUsuario inner join Usuarios_Perfiles perfiles5_ on usuario1_.IdUsuario=perfiles5_.Usuario and (perfiles5_.perfil in (select perfiles.idperfil from perfiles where perfiles.borrado = 0)) inner join Perfiles prf2_ on perfiles5_.Perfil=prf2_.IdPerfil 
WHERE 
this_.Instancia = 4 and 
this_.EstadoWorkflow in (SELECT this_0_.IdEstadoWorkflow as y0_ FROM EstadosWorkflows this_0_ WHERE this_0_.Final = 0) and 
exists (SELECT this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso as y0_ FROM Perfiles_Permisos this_0_ inner join Permisos prm1_ on this_0_.Permiso=prm1_.IdPermiso WHERE this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso in (206558, 206559, 209393, 209394) and (this_0_.PerfilAutorizado = prf2_.IdPerfil and this_0_.TipologiaAutorizada = this_.Tipologia and prm1_.Controlador = 'Incidencias' and prm1_.Accion = 'Index')) 
ORDER BY this_.Fecha desc

SELECT distinct top 15 this_.IdIncidencia as y0_, this_.Fecha as y1_ 
FROM Incidencias this_ inner join Usuarios usuario1_ on this_.Usuario=usuario1_.IdUsuario inner join Usuarios_Perfiles perfiles5_ on usuario1_.IdUsuario=perfiles5_.Usuario and (perfiles5_.perfil in (select perfiles.idperfil from perfiles where perfiles.borrado = 0)) inner join Perfiles prf2_ on perfiles5_.Perfil=prf2_.IdPerfil 
WHERE 
this_.Instancia = 4 and 
this_.EstadoWorkflow in (SELECT this_0_.IdEstadoWorkflow as y0_ FROM EstadosWorkflows this_0_ WHERE this_0_.Final = 1) and 
exists (SELECT this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso as y0_ FROM Perfiles_Permisos this_0_ inner join Permisos prm1_ on this_0_.Permiso=prm1_.IdPermiso WHERE this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso in (206558, 206559, 209393, 209394) and (this_0_.PerfilAutorizado = prf2_.IdPerfil and this_0_.TipologiaAutorizada = this_.Tipologia and prm1_.Controlador = 'Incidencias' and prm1_.Accion = 'Index')) 
ORDER BY this_.Fecha desc

SELECT distinct top 15 this_.IdIncidencia as y0_, this_.Fecha as y1_ 
FROM Incidencias this_ inner join Usuarios usuario1_ on this_.Usuario=usuario1_.IdUsuario inner join Usuarios_Perfiles perfiles5_ on usuario1_.IdUsuario=perfiles5_.Usuario and (perfiles5_.perfil in (select perfiles.idperfil from perfiles where perfiles.borrado = 0)) inner join Perfiles prf2_ on perfiles5_.Perfil=prf2_.IdPerfil 
WHERE 
this_.Instancia = 4 and 
this_.EstadoWorkflow not in (SELECT this_0_.IdEstadoWorkflow as y0_ FROM EstadosWorkflows this_0_ WHERE this_0_.Final = 0) and 
exists (SELECT this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso as y0_ FROM Perfiles_Permisos this_0_ inner join Permisos prm1_ on this_0_.Permiso=prm1_.IdPermiso WHERE this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso in (206558, 206559, 209393, 209394) and (this_0_.PerfilAutorizado = prf2_.IdPerfil and this_0_.TipologiaAutorizada = this_.Tipologia and prm1_.Controlador = 'Incidencias' and prm1_.Accion = 'Index')) 
ORDER BY this_.Fecha desc

SELECT distinct top 15 this_.IdIncidencia as y0_, this_.Fecha as y1_ 
FROM Incidencias this_ inner join Usuarios usuario1_ on this_.Usuario=usuario1_.IdUsuario inner join Usuarios_Perfiles perfiles5_ on usuario1_.IdUsuario=perfiles5_.Usuario and (perfiles5_.perfil in (select perfiles.idperfil from perfiles where perfiles.borrado = 0)) inner join Perfiles prf2_ on perfiles5_.Perfil=prf2_.IdPerfil 
WHERE 
this_.Instancia = 4 and 
this_.EstadoWorkflow not in (SELECT this_0_.IdEstadoWorkflow as y0_ FROM EstadosWorkflows this_0_ WHERE this_0_.Final = 1) and 
exists (SELECT this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso as y0_ FROM Perfiles_Permisos this_0_ inner join Permisos prm1_ on this_0_.Permiso=prm1_.IdPermiso WHERE this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso in (206558, 206559, 209393, 209394) and (this_0_.PerfilAutorizado = prf2_.IdPerfil and this_0_.TipologiaAutorizada = this_.Tipologia and prm1_.Controlador = 'Incidencias' and prm1_.Accion = 'Index')) 
ORDER BY this_.Fecha desc

执行时间：28506ms。
执行计划：

查询
不在值为
0的
中

SELECT distinct top 15 this_.IdIncidencia as y0_, this_.Fecha as y1_ 
FROM Incidencias this_ inner join Usuarios usuario1_ on this_.Usuario=usuario1_.IdUsuario inner join Usuarios_Perfiles perfiles5_ on usuario1_.IdUsuario=perfiles5_.Usuario and (perfiles5_.perfil in (select perfiles.idperfil from perfiles where perfiles.borrado = 0)) inner join Perfiles prf2_ on perfiles5_.Perfil=prf2_.IdPerfil 
WHERE 
this_.Instancia = 4 and 
this_.EstadoWorkflow in (SELECT this_0_.IdEstadoWorkflow as y0_ FROM EstadosWorkflows this_0_ WHERE this_0_.Final = 0) and 
exists (SELECT this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso as y0_ FROM Perfiles_Permisos this_0_ inner join Permisos prm1_ on this_0_.Permiso=prm1_.IdPermiso WHERE this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso in (206558, 206559, 209393, 209394) and (this_0_.PerfilAutorizado = prf2_.IdPerfil and this_0_.TipologiaAutorizada = this_.Tipologia and prm1_.Controlador = 'Incidencias' and prm1_.Accion = 'Index')) 
ORDER BY this_.Fecha desc

SELECT distinct top 15 this_.IdIncidencia as y0_, this_.Fecha as y1_ 
FROM Incidencias this_ inner join Usuarios usuario1_ on this_.Usuario=usuario1_.IdUsuario inner join Usuarios_Perfiles perfiles5_ on usuario1_.IdUsuario=perfiles5_.Usuario and (perfiles5_.perfil in (select perfiles.idperfil from perfiles where perfiles.borrado = 0)) inner join Perfiles prf2_ on perfiles5_.Perfil=prf2_.IdPerfil 
WHERE 
this_.Instancia = 4 and 
this_.EstadoWorkflow in (SELECT this_0_.IdEstadoWorkflow as y0_ FROM EstadosWorkflows this_0_ WHERE this_0_.Final = 1) and 
exists (SELECT this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso as y0_ FROM Perfiles_Permisos this_0_ inner join Permisos prm1_ on this_0_.Permiso=prm1_.IdPermiso WHERE this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso in (206558, 206559, 209393, 209394) and (this_0_.PerfilAutorizado = prf2_.IdPerfil and this_0_.TipologiaAutorizada = this_.Tipologia and prm1_.Controlador = 'Incidencias' and prm1_.Accion = 'Index')) 
ORDER BY this_.Fecha desc

SELECT distinct top 15 this_.IdIncidencia as y0_, this_.Fecha as y1_ 
FROM Incidencias this_ inner join Usuarios usuario1_ on this_.Usuario=usuario1_.IdUsuario inner join Usuarios_Perfiles perfiles5_ on usuario1_.IdUsuario=perfiles5_.Usuario and (perfiles5_.perfil in (select perfiles.idperfil from perfiles where perfiles.borrado = 0)) inner join Perfiles prf2_ on perfiles5_.Perfil=prf2_.IdPerfil 
WHERE 
this_.Instancia = 4 and 
this_.EstadoWorkflow not in (SELECT this_0_.IdEstadoWorkflow as y0_ FROM EstadosWorkflows this_0_ WHERE this_0_.Final = 0) and 
exists (SELECT this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso as y0_ FROM Perfiles_Permisos this_0_ inner join Permisos prm1_ on this_0_.Permiso=prm1_.IdPermiso WHERE this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso in (206558, 206559, 209393, 209394) and (this_0_.PerfilAutorizado = prf2_.IdPerfil and this_0_.TipologiaAutorizada = this_.Tipologia and prm1_.Controlador = 'Incidencias' and prm1_.Accion = 'Index')) 
ORDER BY this_.Fecha desc

SELECT distinct top 15 this_.IdIncidencia as y0_, this_.Fecha as y1_ 
FROM Incidencias this_ inner join Usuarios usuario1_ on this_.Usuario=usuario1_.IdUsuario inner join Usuarios_Perfiles perfiles5_ on usuario1_.IdUsuario=perfiles5_.Usuario and (perfiles5_.perfil in (select perfiles.idperfil from perfiles where perfiles.borrado = 0)) inner join Perfiles prf2_ on perfiles5_.Perfil=prf2_.IdPerfil 
WHERE 
this_.Instancia = 4 and 
this_.EstadoWorkflow not in (SELECT this_0_.IdEstadoWorkflow as y0_ FROM EstadosWorkflows this_0_ WHERE this_0_.Final = 1) and 
exists (SELECT this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso as y0_ FROM Perfiles_Permisos this_0_ inner join Permisos prm1_ on this_0_.Permiso=prm1_.IdPermiso WHERE this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso in (206558, 206559, 209393, 209394) and (this_0_.PerfilAutorizado = prf2_.IdPerfil and this_0_.TipologiaAutorizada = this_.Tipologia and prm1_.Controlador = 'Incidencias' and prm1_.Accion = 'Index')) 
ORDER BY this_.Fecha desc

执行时间：498ms。
执行计划：

查询值为
1的
不在
中

SELECT distinct top 15 this_.IdIncidencia as y0_, this_.Fecha as y1_ 
FROM Incidencias this_ inner join Usuarios usuario1_ on this_.Usuario=usuario1_.IdUsuario inner join Usuarios_Perfiles perfiles5_ on usuario1_.IdUsuario=perfiles5_.Usuario and (perfiles5_.perfil in (select perfiles.idperfil from perfiles where perfiles.borrado = 0)) inner join Perfiles prf2_ on perfiles5_.Perfil=prf2_.IdPerfil 
WHERE 
this_.Instancia = 4 and 
this_.EstadoWorkflow in (SELECT this_0_.IdEstadoWorkflow as y0_ FROM EstadosWorkflows this_0_ WHERE this_0_.Final = 0) and 
exists (SELECT this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso as y0_ FROM Perfiles_Permisos this_0_ inner join Permisos prm1_ on this_0_.Permiso=prm1_.IdPermiso WHERE this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso in (206558, 206559, 209393, 209394) and (this_0_.PerfilAutorizado = prf2_.IdPerfil and this_0_.TipologiaAutorizada = this_.Tipologia and prm1_.Controlador = 'Incidencias' and prm1_.Accion = 'Index')) 
ORDER BY this_.Fecha desc

SELECT distinct top 15 this_.IdIncidencia as y0_, this_.Fecha as y1_ 
FROM Incidencias this_ inner join Usuarios usuario1_ on this_.Usuario=usuario1_.IdUsuario inner join Usuarios_Perfiles perfiles5_ on usuario1_.IdUsuario=perfiles5_.Usuario and (perfiles5_.perfil in (select perfiles.idperfil from perfiles where perfiles.borrado = 0)) inner join Perfiles prf2_ on perfiles5_.Perfil=prf2_.IdPerfil 
WHERE 
this_.Instancia = 4 and 
this_.EstadoWorkflow in (SELECT this_0_.IdEstadoWorkflow as y0_ FROM EstadosWorkflows this_0_ WHERE this_0_.Final = 1) and 
exists (SELECT this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso as y0_ FROM Perfiles_Permisos this_0_ inner join Permisos prm1_ on this_0_.Permiso=prm1_.IdPermiso WHERE this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso in (206558, 206559, 209393, 209394) and (this_0_.PerfilAutorizado = prf2_.IdPerfil and this_0_.TipologiaAutorizada = this_.Tipologia and prm1_.Controlador = 'Incidencias' and prm1_.Accion = 'Index')) 
ORDER BY this_.Fecha desc

SELECT distinct top 15 this_.IdIncidencia as y0_, this_.Fecha as y1_ 
FROM Incidencias this_ inner join Usuarios usuario1_ on this_.Usuario=usuario1_.IdUsuario inner join Usuarios_Perfiles perfiles5_ on usuario1_.IdUsuario=perfiles5_.Usuario and (perfiles5_.perfil in (select perfiles.idperfil from perfiles where perfiles.borrado = 0)) inner join Perfiles prf2_ on perfiles5_.Perfil=prf2_.IdPerfil 
WHERE 
this_.Instancia = 4 and 
this_.EstadoWorkflow not in (SELECT this_0_.IdEstadoWorkflow as y0_ FROM EstadosWorkflows this_0_ WHERE this_0_.Final = 0) and 
exists (SELECT this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso as y0_ FROM Perfiles_Permisos this_0_ inner join Permisos prm1_ on this_0_.Permiso=prm1_.IdPermiso WHERE this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso in (206558, 206559, 209393, 209394) and (this_0_.PerfilAutorizado = prf2_.IdPerfil and this_0_.TipologiaAutorizada = this_.Tipologia and prm1_.Controlador = 'Incidencias' and prm1_.Accion = 'Index')) 
ORDER BY this_.Fecha desc

SELECT distinct top 15 this_.IdIncidencia as y0_, this_.Fecha as y1_ 
FROM Incidencias this_ inner join Usuarios usuario1_ on this_.Usuario=usuario1_.IdUsuario inner join Usuarios_Perfiles perfiles5_ on usuario1_.IdUsuario=perfiles5_.Usuario and (perfiles5_.perfil in (select perfiles.idperfil from perfiles where perfiles.borrado = 0)) inner join Perfiles prf2_ on perfiles5_.Perfil=prf2_.IdPerfil 
WHERE 
this_.Instancia = 4 and 
this_.EstadoWorkflow not in (SELECT this_0_.IdEstadoWorkflow as y0_ FROM EstadosWorkflows this_0_ WHERE this_0_.Final = 1) and 
exists (SELECT this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso as y0_ FROM Perfiles_Permisos this_0_ inner join Permisos prm1_ on this_0_.Permiso=prm1_.IdPermiso WHERE this_0_.IdPerfilPermiso in (206558, 206559, 209393, 209394) and (this_0_.PerfilAutorizado = prf2_.IdPerfil and this_0_.TipologiaAutorizada = this_.Tipologia and prm1_.Controlador = 'Incidencias' and prm1_.Accion = 'Index')) 
ORDER BY this_.Fecha desc

执行时间：386ms。
执行计划：
导致此问题的原因是SQL Server无法知道优化in语句时将为其返回的确切值，因此无法使用统计信息

当您在in子句中有确切的值时，可以将它们与统计数据进行比较，SQL Server很可能对将有多少行进行了非常准确的估计，然后可以选择最佳的执行计划

我自己还没有尝试过，但是您可以尝试为id创建一个过滤的统计信息，分别为值字段0和1创建，这可能会改善这种情况

更新

从最新的图片中可以清楚地看到，估计值相差很远，行数估计为1，但嵌套循环后实际为59851：


这个错误的估计似乎会导致大量的表扫描，因为它只需要执行一次：


因为这是一个表扫描，而不是聚集索引扫描，所以看起来该表没有聚集索引，也没有其他可以使用的索引。你能做点什么吗？不知道数据量，但包含或正常列的
borrado
索引
idperfil
可能会有所帮助。值为0的计划中也会发生这种情况，但由于行数只有605，605表扫描不会花费太多时间，但如果您再进行近100倍的扫描，就会开始花费时间

查看非计划内搜索，则搜索结构完全不同，很可能是因为估计的行数更接近实际行数，而SQL Server使用这种计划：


所以，另一个解决方案可能是使用Usuarios_Perfiles（具有Perfiles-limition）创建一个临时表，因为它只有1179行

如果没有统计IO输出，就无法100%确定时间花在哪里，但看起来很像是由表扫描造成的。
我们可以看看实际的执行计划吗？我的第一个猜测是IdTable2是索引的，因为它（可能）是主键，而ValueField不是。您并没有真正感受到ValueField=0的差异，因为没有太多具有该值的行。实际上，IdTable2是索引的，ValueField不是。当我更改比较值时，我仍然不理解为什么不同。我将在几分钟后发布执行计划，这是因为where子句在一种情况下扫描索引列（IdTable2），在另一种情况下扫描非索引列