Templates 云计算模板执行顺序？

我正在尝试创建一个cloudformation模板，安装puppet和aws puppet模块。我可以用puppet创建我的实例，定义安全组等，它似乎工作得很好，但我还想安装aws puppet模块作为模板的一部分。 这是我的puppet实例的代码

    "PuppetMasterInstance" : {
  "Type" : "AWS::EC2::Instance",
  "Metadata" : {
    "AWS::CloudFormation::Init" : {
      "config" : {
        "packages" : {
          "yum" : {
          "puppet3" : [],
            "puppet3-server" : [],
            "ruby-devel" : [],
            "gcc" : [],
            "make" : [],
            "rubygems" : []
          },
          "rubygems" : {
            "json" : []
          }
        },
        "files": {
          "/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo": {
            "source": "https://s3.amazonaws.com/cloudformation-examples/enable-epel-on-amazon-linux-ami",
            "mode": "000644",
            "owner": "root",
            "group": "root"
          },

          "/etc/puppet/autosign.conf": {
            "content": "*.internal\n",
            "mode": "100644",
            "owner": "root",
            "group": "wheel"
          },
          "/etc/puppet/fileserver.conf": {
            "content": "[modules]\n allow *.internal\n",
            "mode": "100644",
            "owner": "root",
            "group": "wheel"
          },
          "/etc/puppet/puppet.conf": {
            "content": {
              "Fn::Join": [
                "",
                [
                  "[main]\n",
                  " logdir=/var/log/puppet\n",
                  " rundir=/var/run/puppet\n",
                  " ssldir=$vardir/ssl\n",
                  " pluginsync=true\n",
                  "[agent]\n",
                  " classfile=$vardir/classes.txt\n",
                  " localconfig=$vardir/localconfig\n"
                ]
              ]
            },
            "mode": "000644",
            "owner": "root",
            "group": "root"
          },
          "/etc/puppet/modules/cfn/manifests/init.pp": {
            "content": "class cfn {}",
            "mode": "100644",
            "owner": "root",
            "group": "wheel"
          },
          "/etc/puppet/modules/cfn/lib/facter/cfn.rb": {
            "source": "https://s3.amazonaws.com/cloudformation-examples/cfn-facter-plugin.rb",
            "mode": "100644",
            "owner": "root",
            "group": "wheel"
          }
        },
        "services": {
          "sysvinit": {
            "puppetmaster": {
              "enabled": "true",
              "ensureRunning": "true"
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "Properties": {
    "InstanceType": {
      "Ref": "InstanceType"
    },
    "SecurityGroups": [
      {
        "Ref": "PuppetGroup"
      }
    ],
    "ImageId": {

      "Ref": "AmiID"

    },
    "KeyName": {
      "Ref": "KeyName"
    },
    "UserData": {
      "Fn::Base64": {
        "Fn::Join": [
          "",
          [
            "#!/bin/bash\n",
            "yum update -y \n",


            "/opt/aws/bin/cfn-init --region ",
            {
              "Ref": "AWS::Region"
            },
            " -s ",
            {
              "Ref": "AWS::StackName"
            },
            " -r PuppetMasterInstance ",
            " --access-key ",
            {
              "Ref": "CFNKeys"
            },
            " --secret-key ",
            {
              "Fn::GetAtt": [
                "CFNKeys",
                "SecretAccessKey"
              ]
            },
            "\n",
            "/opt/aws/bin/cfn-signal -e $? '",
            {
              "Ref": "PuppetMasterWaitHandle"
            },
            "'\n"
          ]
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}

这很好，但是我希望在安装puppet后执行以下命令：

"gem install aws-sdk-core",
"gem install retries",
"export AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=my_key",
"export AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=my_secret",
 "puppet module install puppetlabs-aws"

我尝试在“文件：”之前使用“命令：”标记，但模板失败。我试图将代码放入“UserData”中：但再次失败。我在模板中找不到关于不同部分的执行顺序的信息，我假设失败是由于执行顺序错误（在命令运行时未安装puppet和ruby）

---

任何帮助都将不胜感激

我在aws论坛上找到了一篇关于执行顺序的内容丰富的帖子。AWS:：CloudFormation:：Init按以下顺序执行：

包->组->用户->源->文件->命令->服务

资料来源：

我解决问题的方法可能远不理想，但它是有效的：

    "PuppetMasterInstance" : {
  "Type" : "AWS::EC2::Instance",
  "Metadata" : {
    "AWS::CloudFormation::Init" : {
      "configSets" : {
        "ascending" : [ "config" , "config2" ],
        "descending" : [ "config2" , "config" ]
      },
      "config" : {
        "packages" : {
          "yum" : {
          "puppet3" : [],
            "puppet3-server" : [],
            "ruby-devel" : [],
            "gcc" : [],
            "make" : [],
            "rubygems" : []
          },
          "rubygems" : {
            "json" : []
          }
        },
        "files": {
          "/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo": {
            "source": "https://s3.amazonaws.com/cloudformation-examples/enable-epel-on-amazon-linux-ami",
            "mode": "000644",
            "owner": "root",
            "group": "root"
          },

          "/etc/puppet/autosign.conf": {
            "content": "*.internal\n",
            "mode": "100644",
            "owner": "root",
            "group": "wheel"
          },
          "/etc/puppet/fileserver.conf": {
            "content": "[modules]\n allow *.internal\n",
            "mode": "100644",
            "owner": "root",
            "group": "wheel"
          },
          "/etc/puppet/puppet.conf": {
            "content": {
              "Fn::Join": [
                "",
                [
                  "[main]\n",
                  " logdir=/var/log/puppet\n",
                  " rundir=/var/run/puppet\n",
                  " ssldir=$vardir/ssl\n",
                  " pluginsync=true\n",
                  "[agent]\n",
                  " classfile=$vardir/classes.txt\n",
                  " localconfig=$vardir/localconfig\n"
                ]
              ]
            },
            "mode": "000644",
            "owner": "root",
            "group": "root"
          },
          "/etc/puppet/modules/cfn/manifests/init.pp": {
            "content": "class cfn {}",
            "mode": "100644",
            "owner": "root",
            "group": "wheel"
          },
          "/etc/puppet/modules/cfn/lib/facter/cfn.rb": {
            "source": "https://s3.amazonaws.com/cloudformation-examples/cfn-facter-plugin.rb",
            "mode": "100644",
            "owner": "root",
            "group": "wheel"
          }
        },
        "services": {
          "sysvinit": {
            "puppetmaster": {
              "enabled": "true",
              "ensureRunning": "true"
            }
          }
        }
      },

      "config2" : {
        "commands" : {
          "1" : {
            "command" : "gem install aws-sdk-core"
          },
          "2" : {
            "command" : "gem install retries"
          },
          "3" : {
            "command" : "export _MYAWSKEY_"
          },
          "4" : {
            "command" : "export MY_AWS_SECRET_"
          },
          "5" : {
            "command" : "puppet module install puppetlabs-aws"
          }
        }

      }



    }
  },
  "Properties": {
    "InstanceType": {
      "Ref": "InstanceType"
    },
    "SecurityGroups": [
      {
        "Ref": "PuppetGroup"
      }
    ],
    "ImageId": {

      "Ref": "AmiID"

    },
    "KeyName": {
      "Ref": "KeyName"
    },
    "UserData": {
      "Fn::Base64": {
        "Fn::Join": [
          "",
          [
            "#!/bin/bash\n",
            "yum update -y \n",


            "/opt/aws/bin/cfn-init -c ascending --region ",
            {
              "Ref": "AWS::Region"
            },
            " -s ",
            {
              "Ref": "AWS::StackName"
            },
            " -r PuppetMasterInstance ",
            " --access-key ",
            {
              "Ref": "CFNKeys"
            },
            " --secret-key ",
            {
              "Fn::GetAtt": [
                "CFNKeys",
                "SecretAccessKey"
              ]
            },
            "\n",
            "/opt/aws/bin/cfn-signal -e $? '",
            {
              "Ref": "PuppetMasterWaitHandle"
            },
            "'\n"
          ]
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}

---

通过指定配置集的执行顺序，我可以运行安装和配置puppet所需的一切，然后运行命令来安装插件

我没有时间写一个这样的例子，但我的第一个想法是写一点shell脚本，明确地等待安装。执行顺序是cloud init，请参阅此答案，谢谢您的建议。我需要将所有内容都放在我的模板中，检查服务是否安装的唯一方法是编写无限循环，在其中检查服务是否正在运行，然而，我认为这将阻止模板的执行，整个过程最终将等待一个无限循环完成，而这个无限循环又在等待一个服务被安装，从而打破循环…在安装实例包之后，必须有一个正确的方法来执行我的脚本。。。