Apache spark PSQLException:ERROR:syntax ERROR位于或接近；加上；

我有一个更大的查询，有几个通过with子句构造的窗口函数。 此查询在AmazonRDS和AmazonRedshift数据库上运行得非常好，这些数据库是通过带有Pandas SQL连接器的Python脚本或任何SQL浏览器执行的。 但是如果我通过Spark（来自Pyspark）jdbs连接器运行它，这个查询就会失败。 我找不到任何暗示为什么Spark不接受这个查询。 欢迎任何提示。 谢谢 亚历克斯

我尝试了Pandas和几个sql浏览器的sql->效果很好 我尝试将spark SQL连接器与其他SQL语句一起使用，但没有with子句语法-->它工作得很好

下面是一个简化的代码示例：

简化的sql查询 使用熊猫的代码 使用Spark jdbc失败的代码 主要的问题是它声称有as语法错误

Py4JJavaError: An error occurred while calling o551.jdbc.
: org.postgresql.util.PSQLException: ERROR: syntax error at or near "WITH"

我不明白为什么

完整的错误消息是：

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Py4JJavaError                             Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-40-353e32a024e8> in <module>
     11 
     12 
---> 13 verbauwege_spark_sql = spark.read.jdbc(url=conn['url'], table=mysql_test, properties= conn['properties'])
     14 
     15 row_count=verbauwege_spark_sql.count()

~/anaconda3/envs/Spark_Python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyspark/sql/readwriter.py in jdbc(self, url, table, column, lowerBound, upperBound, numPartitions, predicates, properties)
    554             jpredicates = utils.toJArray(gateway, gateway.jvm.java.lang.String, predicates)
    555             return self._df(self._jreader.jdbc(url, table, jpredicates, jprop))
--> 556         return self._df(self._jreader.jdbc(url, table, jprop))
    557 
    558 

~/anaconda3/envs/Spark_Python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/py4j/java_gateway.py in __call__(self, *args)
   1255         answer = self.gateway_client.send_command(command)
   1256         return_value = get_return_value(
-> 1257             answer, self.gateway_client, self.target_id, self.name)
   1258 
   1259         for temp_arg in temp_args:

~/anaconda3/envs/Spark_Python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyspark/sql/utils.py in deco(*a, **kw)
     61     def deco(*a, **kw):
     62         try:
---> 63             return f(*a, **kw)
     64         except py4j.protocol.Py4JJavaError as e:
     65             s = e.java_exception.toString()

~/anaconda3/envs/Spark_Python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/py4j/protocol.py in get_return_value(answer, gateway_client, target_id, name)
    326                 raise Py4JJavaError(
    327                     "An error occurred while calling {0}{1}{2}.\n".
--> 328                     format(target_id, ".", name), value)
    329             else:
    330                 raise Py4JError(

Py4JJavaError: An error occurred while calling o551.jdbc.
: org.postgresql.util.PSQLException: ERROR: syntax error at or near "WITH"
  Position: 15
    at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.receiveErrorResponse(QueryExecutorImpl.java:2468)
    at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.processResults(QueryExecutorImpl.java:2211)
    at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.execute(QueryExecutorImpl.java:309)
    at org.postgresql.jdbc.PgStatement.executeInternal(PgStatement.java:446)
    at org.postgresql.jdbc.PgStatement.execute(PgStatement.java:370)
    at org.postgresql.jdbc.PgPreparedStatement.executeWithFlags(PgPreparedStatement.java:149)
    at org.postgresql.jdbc.PgPreparedStatement.executeQuery(PgPreparedStatement.java:108)
    at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.datasources.jdbc.JDBCRDD$.resolveTable(JDBCRDD.scala:61)
    at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.datasources.jdbc.JDBCRelation$.getSchema(JDBCRelation.scala:210)
    at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.datasources.jdbc.JdbcRelationProvider.createRelation(JdbcRelationProvider.scala:35)
    at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.datasources.DataSource.resolveRelation(DataSource.scala:318)
    at org.apache.spark.sql.DataFrameReader.loadV1Source(DataFrameReader.scala:223)
    at org.apache.spark.sql.DataFrameReader.load(DataFrameReader.scala:211)
    at org.apache.spark.sql.DataFrameReader.load(DataFrameReader.scala:167)
    at org.apache.spark.sql.DataFrameReader.jdbc(DataFrameReader.scala:238)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:483)
    at py4j.reflection.MethodInvoker.invoke(MethodInvoker.java:244)
    at py4j.reflection.ReflectionEngine.invoke(ReflectionEngine.java:357)
    at py4j.Gateway.invoke(Gateway.java:282)
    at py4j.commands.AbstractCommand.invokeMethod(AbstractCommand.java:132)
    at py4j.commands.CallCommand.execute(CallCommand.java:79)
    at py4j.GatewayConnection.run(GatewayConnection.java:238)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Py4JJavaError回溯（最近一次调用）
在里面
11
12
--->13 verbauwege\u spark\u sql=spark.read.jdbc（url=conn['url']，table=mysql\u test，properties=conn['properties']）
14
15 row\u count=verbauwege\u spark\u sql.count（）
jdbc中的~/anaconda3/envs/Spark\u Python3/lib/Python3.7/site-packages/pyspark/sql/readwriter.py（self、url、表、列、lowerBound、上限、numPartitions、谓词、属性）
554 jpredicates=utils.toJArray（网关，gateway.jvm.java.lang.String，谓词）
555返回self.\u df（self.\u jreader.jdbc（url，table，jpredicates，jprop））
-->556返回self.\u df（self.\u jreader.jdbc（url，table，jprop））
557
558
~/anaconda3/envs/Spark\u Python3/lib/Python3.7/site-packages/py4j/java\u gateway.py在调用中（self，*args）
1255 answer=self.gateway\u client.send\u命令（command）
1256返回值=获取返回值(
->1257应答，self.gateway_客户端，self.target_id，self.name）
1258
1259对于临时参数中的临时参数：
装饰中的~/anaconda3/envs/Spark\u Python3/lib/Python3.7/site-packages/pyspark/sql/utils.py（*a，**kw）
61 def装饰（*a，**千瓦）：
62尝试：
--->63返回f（*a，**kw）
64除py4j.protocol.Py4JJavaError外的其他错误为e:
65 s=e.java_exception.toString（）
获取返回值中的~/anaconda3/envs/Spark\u Python3/lib/Python3.7/site-packages/py4j/protocol.py（答案、网关客户端、目标id、名称）
326 raise Py4JJavaError(
327“调用{0}{1}{2}时出错。\n”。
-->328格式（目标id，“.”，名称），值）
329其他：
330升起Py4JError(
Py4JJavaError:调用o551.jdbc时出错。
：org.postgresql.util.PSQLException:错误：语法错误位于或接近“WITH”
职位：15
位于org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.receiveErrorResponse（QueryExecutorImpl.java:2468）
位于org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.processResults（QueryExecutorImpl.java:2211）
位于org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.execute（QueryExecutorImpl.java:309）
位于org.postgresql.jdbc.PgStatement.executeInternal（PgStatement.java:446）
位于org.postgresql.jdbc.PgStatement.execute（PgStatement.java:370）
位于org.postgresql.jdbc.PgPreparedStatement.executeWithFlags（PgPreparedStatement.java:149）
位于org.postgresql.jdbc.PgPreparedStatement.executeQuery（PgPreparedStatement.java:108）
位于org.apache.spark.sql.execution.datasources.jdbc.JDBCRDD$.resolveTable（JDBCRDD.scala:61）
位于org.apache.spark.sql.execution.datasources.jdbc.jdbcrations$.getSchema（jdbcrations.scala:210）
位于org.apache.spark.sql.execution.datasources.jdbc.jdbrelationprovider.createRelation（jdbrelationprovider.scala:35）
位于org.apache.spark.sql.execution.datasources.DataSource.resolveRelation（DataSource.scala:318）
位于org.apache.spark.sql.DataFrameReader.loadV1Source（DataFrameReader.scala:223）
位于org.apache.spark.sql.DataFrameReader.load（DataFrameReader.scala:211）
位于org.apache.spark.sql.DataFrameReader.load（DataFrameReader.scala:167）
位于org.apache.spark.sql.DataFrameReader.jdbc（DataFrameReader.scala:238）
在sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0（本机方法）处
位于sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke（NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62）
在sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke（DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43）中
位于java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke（Method.java:483）
位于py4j.reflection.MethodInvoker.invoke（MethodInvoker.java:244）
位于py4j.reflection.ReflectionEngine.invoke（ReflectionEngine.java:357）
在py4j.Gateway.invoke处（Gateway.java:282）
位于py4j.commands.AbstractCommand.invokeMethod（AbstractCommand.java:132）
在py4j.commands.CallCommand.execute（CallCommand.java:79）
在py4j.GatewayConnection.run处（GatewayConnection.java:238）
运行（Thread.java:745）

解决方案是将完整的sql括在大括号中，并给它一个别名，以便spark jdbc能够处理它

mysql_test="""
(
WITH my_raw_table AS

(
    SELECT 
        created_utc || '@' || sub_order_nr AS order_column, 
        operation_type, 
        id_in,
        id_type_in,
        created_utc
    FROM sample.table
)

SELECT DISTINCT 
    operation_type
    ,ROW_NUMBER() OVER window_desc AS row_number
    ,FIRST_VALUE(created_utc) OVER window_desc AS created_utc_first
    ,FIRST_VALUE(created_utc) OVER window_desc AS created_utc_last
    ,FIRST_VALUE(order_column) OVER window_desc AS order_column_first
    ,FIRST_VALUE(order_column) OVER window_desc AS order_column_last
FROM my_raw_table
WINDOW
    window_desc AS (
        PARTITION BY operation_type,id_type_in,id_in
        ORDER BY order_column DESC
        ),
    window_asc AS (
        PARTITION BY operation_type,id_type_in,id_in
        ORDER BY order_column ASC
        )
ORDER BY 
    operation_type
    ,order_column_last
) as my_redshift_result
"""

---

Spark将表名逐字放入

SELECT…FROM$table…

语句中，因此您必须将查询括在大括号中，并将其转换为可以代替表名的有效子查询。@hristoilev Ahhh谢谢，此提示解决了问题

Py4JJavaError: An error occurred while calling o551.jdbc.
: org.postgresql.util.PSQLException: ERROR: syntax error at or near "WITH"

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Py4JJavaError                             Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-40-353e32a024e8> in <module>
     11 
     12 
---> 13 verbauwege_spark_sql = spark.read.jdbc(url=conn['url'], table=mysql_test, properties= conn['properties'])
     14 
     15 row_count=verbauwege_spark_sql.count()

~/anaconda3/envs/Spark_Python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyspark/sql/readwriter.py in jdbc(self, url, table, column, lowerBound, upperBound, numPartitions, predicates, properties)
    554             jpredicates = utils.toJArray(gateway, gateway.jvm.java.lang.String, predicates)
    555             return self._df(self._jreader.jdbc(url, table, jpredicates, jprop))
--> 556         return self._df(self._jreader.jdbc(url, table, jprop))
    557 
    558 

~/anaconda3/envs/Spark_Python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/py4j/java_gateway.py in __call__(self, *args)
   1255         answer = self.gateway_client.send_command(command)
   1256         return_value = get_return_value(
-> 1257             answer, self.gateway_client, self.target_id, self.name)
   1258 
   1259         for temp_arg in temp_args:

~/anaconda3/envs/Spark_Python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyspark/sql/utils.py in deco(*a, **kw)
     61     def deco(*a, **kw):
     62         try:
---> 63             return f(*a, **kw)
     64         except py4j.protocol.Py4JJavaError as e:
     65             s = e.java_exception.toString()

~/anaconda3/envs/Spark_Python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/py4j/protocol.py in get_return_value(answer, gateway_client, target_id, name)
    326                 raise Py4JJavaError(
    327                     "An error occurred while calling {0}{1}{2}.\n".
--> 328                     format(target_id, ".", name), value)
    329             else:
    330                 raise Py4JError(

Py4JJavaError: An error occurred while calling o551.jdbc.
: org.postgresql.util.PSQLException: ERROR: syntax error at or near "WITH"
  Position: 15
    at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.receiveErrorResponse(QueryExecutorImpl.java:2468)
    at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.processResults(QueryExecutorImpl.java:2211)
    at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.execute(QueryExecutorImpl.java:309)
    at org.postgresql.jdbc.PgStatement.executeInternal(PgStatement.java:446)
    at org.postgresql.jdbc.PgStatement.execute(PgStatement.java:370)
    at org.postgresql.jdbc.PgPreparedStatement.executeWithFlags(PgPreparedStatement.java:149)
    at org.postgresql.jdbc.PgPreparedStatement.executeQuery(PgPreparedStatement.java:108)
    at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.datasources.jdbc.JDBCRDD$.resolveTable(JDBCRDD.scala:61)
    at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.datasources.jdbc.JDBCRelation$.getSchema(JDBCRelation.scala:210)
    at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.datasources.jdbc.JdbcRelationProvider.createRelation(JdbcRelationProvider.scala:35)
    at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.datasources.DataSource.resolveRelation(DataSource.scala:318)
    at org.apache.spark.sql.DataFrameReader.loadV1Source(DataFrameReader.scala:223)
    at org.apache.spark.sql.DataFrameReader.load(DataFrameReader.scala:211)
    at org.apache.spark.sql.DataFrameReader.load(DataFrameReader.scala:167)
    at org.apache.spark.sql.DataFrameReader.jdbc(DataFrameReader.scala:238)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:483)
    at py4j.reflection.MethodInvoker.invoke(MethodInvoker.java:244)
    at py4j.reflection.ReflectionEngine.invoke(ReflectionEngine.java:357)
    at py4j.Gateway.invoke(Gateway.java:282)
    at py4j.commands.AbstractCommand.invokeMethod(AbstractCommand.java:132)
    at py4j.commands.CallCommand.execute(CallCommand.java:79)
    at py4j.GatewayConnection.run(GatewayConnection.java:238)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

mysql_test="""
(
WITH my_raw_table AS

(
    SELECT 
        created_utc || '@' || sub_order_nr AS order_column, 
        operation_type, 
        id_in,
        id_type_in,
        created_utc
    FROM sample.table
)

SELECT DISTINCT 
    operation_type
    ,ROW_NUMBER() OVER window_desc AS row_number
    ,FIRST_VALUE(created_utc) OVER window_desc AS created_utc_first
    ,FIRST_VALUE(created_utc) OVER window_desc AS created_utc_last
    ,FIRST_VALUE(order_column) OVER window_desc AS order_column_first
    ,FIRST_VALUE(order_column) OVER window_desc AS order_column_last
FROM my_raw_table
WINDOW
    window_desc AS (
        PARTITION BY operation_type,id_type_in,id_in
        ORDER BY order_column DESC
        ),
    window_asc AS (
        PARTITION BY operation_type,id_type_in,id_in
        ORDER BY order_column ASC
        )
ORDER BY 
    operation_type
    ,order_column_last
) as my_redshift_result
"""