Arrays 在PowerShell中，为什么if语句返回整个数组而不是单个对象？

我有一个脚本，可以找到主机名的作用域

我的PSCustomObject

Location=$scope.name

获取的是整个作用域数组，而不是匹配项，如下所示

Asset    : U1087
Location : {bdg-213, Vo213, 0V-Gen-DH, 0-v734...}
Status   : Online

Asset    : U1281
Location : {bdg-213, Vo213, 0V-Gen-DH, 0-v734...}
Status   : Offline

Asset    : U1061
Location : {bdg-13, Vo213, 0V-Gen-DH, 0-v734...}
Status   : Online

我导入一个名为

$list

的主机名.txt文件。然后通过

$list

和

$scopes

循环查找匹配项。

$list = Get-Content C:\script\HostNameList.txt #Defines content it pulls as list 
$DHServers = Get-DhcpServerInDC #gives variable name for loop

$Output =  
foreach ($hostname in $list) { #Calls each item in list a hostname and sends to output
    if (test-connection -count 1 -computername $hostname -quiet){  #With 1 ping, check if hostname is online
        
        [array] $scope = 
        foreach ($Server in $DHServers){
            Get-DHCPServerv4Scope -ComputerName $Server.dnsname #get all scopes
            
            $i = 0; 
            foreach ($scope in $scopes){ 
                if($scope | Get-DhcpServerV4Lease -ComputerName $DHServers[$i++] | Where-Object HostName -like "$hostName*" ) #compares the hostname to lease to find which scope it is in`
                { $scopename} #return name of the scope it found hostname in. Name property is location in DHCP
            } 
        }
        [PSCustomObject]@{ #Rename varibles in data pull for output file
        Asset = $hostname
        Location = $scope.name #only want the name of the scope
        Status = "Online"
        }
    }
    else #statement if hostname is not online
    { 
 
    }
}
$Output #show output in powershell
$Output | Export-Csv -Path C:\script\Asset_Result.csv -NoTypeInformation #outputs .csv

---

正如其他人所评论的，循环的嵌套看起来并不正确。让我试着分析有问题的代码

[array] $scopes = foreach ($Server in $DHServers){
 
    # Creates output that is collected in $scopes 
    Get-DHCPServerv4Scope -ComputerName $Server.dnsname

    # Now you are looping through the output of the outer loop, which is not finished yet, 
    # in the inner loop, redundantly looping over $scopes multiple times.
    $i = 0; foreach ($scope in $scopes){
        if($scope | Get-DhcpServerV4Lease -ComputerName $DHServers[$i++] | Where-Object HostName -like "$hostName*") 
           {$scope.name}  # Here you are outputting the scope name to $scopes
                          # again, which doesn't make any sense at all.
    }
}

# Here you assign the $scope.name from the *last* iteration of the inner loop, regardless 
# of the if statement in the inner loop. Again, this doesn't look right.
[PSCustomObject]@{ 
   Asset = $hostname
   Location = $scope.name
   Status = "Online"
}

以下是一个“半答案”，因为我不认为我完全理解您代码的意图。至少在我看来，这样更符合逻辑

$DHServers = Get-DhcpServerInDC #gives variable name for loop

$Output = foreach ($hostname in $list){ #Calls each item in list a hostname and sends to output
    
   if (test-connection -count 1 -computername $hostname -quiet){ #With 1 ping, check if hostname is online

      [array] $scopes = foreach ($Server in $DHServers){# Collects the output from all Get-DHCPServerv4Scope calls
         Get-DHCPServerv4Scope -ComputerName $Server.dnsname
      }

      $i = 0 
      foreach ($scope in $scopes){#loop through array
         if($scope | Get-DhcpServerV4Lease -ComputerName $DHServers[$i++] | Where-Object HostName -like "$hostName*"){ #compares the hostname to lease to find which scope it is in

            [PSCustomObject]@{ #Rename varibles in data pull for output file
               Asset = $hostname
               Location = $scope.name #only want the name of the scope
               Status = "Online"
            }
         }
      }
   }
}   

$Output | Format-Table #show output in PowerShell

---

正如其他人所评论的，循环的嵌套看起来并不正确。让我试着分析有问题的代码

[array] $scopes = foreach ($Server in $DHServers){
 
    # Creates output that is collected in $scopes 
    Get-DHCPServerv4Scope -ComputerName $Server.dnsname

    # Now you are looping through the output of the outer loop, which is not finished yet, 
    # in the inner loop, redundantly looping over $scopes multiple times.
    $i = 0; foreach ($scope in $scopes){
        if($scope | Get-DhcpServerV4Lease -ComputerName $DHServers[$i++] | Where-Object HostName -like "$hostName*") 
           {$scope.name}  # Here you are outputting the scope name to $scopes
                          # again, which doesn't make any sense at all.
    }
}

# Here you assign the $scope.name from the *last* iteration of the inner loop, regardless 
# of the if statement in the inner loop. Again, this doesn't look right.
[PSCustomObject]@{ 
   Asset = $hostname
   Location = $scope.name
   Status = "Online"
}

以下是一个“半答案”，因为我不认为我完全理解您代码的意图。至少在我看来，这样更符合逻辑

$DHServers = Get-DhcpServerInDC #gives variable name for loop

$Output = foreach ($hostname in $list){ #Calls each item in list a hostname and sends to output
    
   if (test-connection -count 1 -computername $hostname -quiet){ #With 1 ping, check if hostname is online

      [array] $scopes = foreach ($Server in $DHServers){# Collects the output from all Get-DHCPServerv4Scope calls
         Get-DHCPServerv4Scope -ComputerName $Server.dnsname
      }

      $i = 0 
      foreach ($scope in $scopes){#loop through array
         if($scope | Get-DhcpServerV4Lease -ComputerName $DHServers[$i++] | Where-Object HostName -like "$hostName*"){ #compares the hostname to lease to find which scope it is in

            [PSCustomObject]@{ #Rename varibles in data pull for output file
               Asset = $hostname
               Location = $scope.name #only want the name of the scope
               Status = "Online"
            }
         }
      }
   }
}   

$Output | Format-Table #show output in PowerShell

---

你想还什么？只是位置？例如：“bdg-213”？本质上是的。DHCP中的作用域属性“Name”是位置，因此

scope.Name

看起来您放错了一些花括号。例如。您使用的是

$scopes

，它在内部循环中从外部循环获得输出。您的内部循环看起来不正确：

$scopes

用于收集输出，但它也在最内部循环中使用，

Get-DHCPServerv4Scope

结果将输出到管道，并将分配给最顶层的

$scopes

，您将从最内层循环返回scriptblock

{$scope.name}

。我不确定它应该如何工作，我感觉它会输出一些东西，只是因为您的会话或脚本中的其他地方有剩余变量。您可以执行以下操作：

$Scope.Name.Location |选择-First 1

，因为

$Scope.Name

返回第一个代码块中显示的输出什么你想回来吗？只是位置？例如：“bdg-213”？本质上是的。DHCP中的作用域属性“Name”是位置，因此

scope.Name

看起来您放错了一些花括号。例如。您使用的是

$scopes

，它在内部循环中从外部循环获得输出。您的内部循环看起来不正确：

$scopes

用于收集输出，但它也在最内部循环中使用，

Get-DHCPServerv4Scope

结果将输出到管道，并将分配给最顶层的

$scopes

，您将从最内层循环返回scriptblock

{$scope.name}

。我不确定它应该如何工作，我感觉它会输出一些东西，只是因为您在会话中或脚本中的其他地方有剩余变量。您可以执行以下操作：

$Scope.Name.Location |选择-First 1

，因为

$Scope.Name

返回第一个代码块中显示的输出总体意图是使用，

Get-DhcpServerInDC

Get-DHCPServerv4Scope

和

Get-DhcpServerV4Lease

来获取服务器信息。然后获取我的主机名列表，以查找它们所驻留的相应租约。这将告诉我主机名所在的建筑。如果你想看我上一篇文章的话，这确实是一个后续问题。我的总体意图是使用，

Get-DhcpServerInDC

Get-DHCPServerv4Scope

和

Get-DhcpServerV4Lease

来获取服务器信息。然后获取我的主机名列表，以查找它们所驻留的相应租约。这将告诉我主机名所在的建筑。如果你想看看我上一篇文章的话，这真的是一个后续问题。