在bash 4.1下使用具有变量名的关联数组
我试图在bash-4.1在bash 4.1下使用具有变量名的关联数组,bash,associative-array,Bash,Associative Array,我试图在bash-4.1 $cat hostname_abc.txt host_type type_foo SoftA version123 SoftB version456 要获得一个输出,您可以看到一个版本的Soft[a,B]被使用了多少次,请按主机类型分组: $./list_versions.sh [type_foo] 11 times SoftA: [version123] 1 times [version444] 5 times
$cat hostname_abc.txt
host_type type_foo
SoftA version123
SoftB version456
要获得一个输出,您可以看到一个版本的Soft[a,B]被使用了多少次,请按主机类型分组:
$./list_versions.sh
[type_foo] 11 times
SoftA:
[version123] 1 times
[version444] 5 times
[version567] 5 times
SoftB:
[version456] 9 times
[version777] 2 times
[type_bar] 6 times
SoftA:
[version444] 6 times
SoftB:
[version111] 4 times
[version777] 2 times
我事先不知道主机类型和版本的列表。
因此,我尝试将每个主机类型的计数保存在关联数组中,并根据模板主机类型软[A,B]动态创建关联数组的名称,这些数组存储每个主机类型软[A,B]的每个版本的计数
我多次尝试使用不同的语法和间接形式,因此我根据我的目标重新制作了以下更具可读性的脚本:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
# ----- generated test conditions -----
echo -e "host_type typeA\nSoftA v2\nSoftB v1" > hostname_1.txt
echo -e "host_type typeB\nSoftA v1\nSoftB v1" > hostname_2.txt
echo -e "host_type typeB\nSoftA v1\nSoftB v0" > hostname_3.txt
echo -e "host_type typeA\nSoftA v0\nSoftB v0" > hostname_4.txt
echo -e "host_type typeA\nSoftA v3\nSoftB v2" > hostname_5.txt
echo -e "host_type typeB\nSoftA v3\nSoftB v1" > hostname_6.txt
echo -e "host_type typeB\nSoftA v2\nSoftB v2" > hostname_7.txt
echo -e "host_type typeA\nSoftA v1\nSoftB v2" > hostname_8.txt
echo -e "host_type typeC\nSoftA v0\nSoftB v4" > hostname_9.txt
list_hostname() {
for i in {1..9}; do
echo "hostname_${i}.txt"
done
}
declare -A list_host_type
while read f; do
#parse the hostname files
while read l; do
[[ $l = *"host_type"* ]] && host_type="$( echo $l | cut -d' ' -f2)"
[[ $l = *"SoftA"* ]] && versionA="$( echo $l | cut -d' ' -f2)"
[[ $l = *"SoftB"* ]] && versionB="$( echo $l | cut -d' ' -f2)"
done < <( cat "$f" )
#count the number of hosts by host_type
[[ ${list_host_type[$host_type]} ]] && ((list_host_type[$host_type]++)) || list_host_type[$host_type]='1'
#create associative arrays with a name only know at runtime
declare -A "${host_type}_SoftA"
declare -A "${host_type}_SoftB"
#count the number of host for the couple host_type and Soft[A,B], stored on the dynamically named assiociative array
[[ ${${host_type}_SoftA[$versionA]} ]] && ((${host_type}_SoftA[$versionA]++)) || ${host_type}_SoftA[$versionA]='1'
[[ ${${host_type}_SoftB[$versionB]} ]] && ((${host_type}_SoftB[$versionB]++)) || ${host_type}_SoftB[$versionB]='1'
done < <( list_hostname )
#print a non pretty-formated output
echo '==== result ====='
for m in "${!list_host_type[@]}"; do
echo "host type: $m count: ${list_model[$m]}"
for versionA in "${!${m}_softA[@]}"; do
echo " SoftA version: $versionA count: ${${m}_SoftA[$versionA]}"
done
for versionB in "${!${m}_softB[@]}"; do
echo " SoftB version: $versionB count: ${${m}_SoftB[$versionB]}"
done
done
#/usr/bin/env bash
#----生成的测试条件-----
echo-e“主机类型A\nSoftA v2\nSoftB v1”>hostname\u 1.txt
echo-e“主机类型类型B\nSoftA v1\nSoftB v1”>hostname_2.txt
echo-e“主机类型类型B\nSoftA v1\nSoftB v0”>hostname\u 3.txt
echo-e“主机类型A\nSoftA v0\nSoftB v0”>主机名4.txt
echo-e“主机类型A\nSoftA v3\nSoftB v2”>hostname_5.txt
echo-e“主机类型类型B\nSoftA v3\nSoftB v1”>hostname_6.txt
echo-e“主机类型类型B\nSoftA v2\nSoftB v2”>hostname\u 7.txt
echo-e“主机类型A\nSoftA v1\nSoftB v2”>hostname\u 8.txt
echo-e“主机类型C\nSoftA v0\nSoftB v4”>hostname\u 9.txt
列出主机名(){
因为{1..9}中的i;do
echo“hostname_${i}.txt”
完成
}
声明-列表\主机\类型
同时读取f;做
#解析主机名文件
读l时;做
[[$l=*“主机类型”*]&主机类型=“$(echo$l | cut-d'-f2)”
[[$l=*“SoftA”*]&&versionA=“$(echo$l | cut-d'-f2)”
[[$l=*“SoftB”*]&&versionB=“$(echo$l | cut-d'-f2)”
完成<我认为在Bash中不能对数组使用动态变量名。
(我尝试了一些方法,但无法理解语法。)
即使可能,我想这也很难理解
一种可能的解决方法是使用单个关联数组,
使用“复合键”。
即,例如,使用主机类型、软件和版本的逗号分隔值:
while read f; do
line=0
while read col1 col2; do
if [[ $line = 0 ]]; then
host_type=$col2
else
soft=$col1
version=$col2
index=$host_type,$soft,$version
((list_host_type[$index]++))
fi
((line++))
done < <( cat "$f" )
done < <( list_hostname )
for m in "${!list_host_type[@]}"; do
echo $m = ${list_host_type[$m]}
done
然后使用这个关联数组来计算所需的统计信息。下面是一个粗略的示例实现:
get_host_types() {
local names=(${!list_host_type[@]})
printf "%s\n" "${names[@]%%,*}" | sort -u
}
get_soft() {
local host_type=$1
local names=(${!list_host_type[@]})
for name in "${names[@]}"; do
[[ ${name%%,*} = $host_type ]] && echo $name
done | cut -d, -f2 | sort -u
}
get_versions() {
local prefix=$1
local names=(${!list_host_type[@]})
for name in "${names[@]}"; do
[[ ${name%,*} = $prefix ]] && echo $name
done | cut -d, -f3 | sort -u
}
indent=" "
for host_type in $(get_host_types); do
echo "[$host_type]"
for soft in $(get_soft $host_type); do
echo "$indent$soft:"
for version in $(get_versions $host_type,$soft); do
index=$host_type,$soft,$version
echo "$indent$indent[$version] ${list_host_type[$index]} times"
done
done
done
作为产出生产:
总而言之,最好使用适当的编程语言来实现这一点。您的脚本在Bash 4.4中不起作用。你知道吗?(您是否要求我们帮助您使其工作?get_host_types() {
local names=(${!list_host_type[@]})
printf "%s\n" "${names[@]%%,*}" | sort -u
}
get_soft() {
local host_type=$1
local names=(${!list_host_type[@]})
for name in "${names[@]}"; do
[[ ${name%%,*} = $host_type ]] && echo $name
done | cut -d, -f2 | sort -u
}
get_versions() {
local prefix=$1
local names=(${!list_host_type[@]})
for name in "${names[@]}"; do
[[ ${name%,*} = $prefix ]] && echo $name
done | cut -d, -f3 | sort -u
}
indent=" "
for host_type in $(get_host_types); do
echo "[$host_type]"
for soft in $(get_soft $host_type); do
echo "$indent$soft:"
for version in $(get_versions $host_type,$soft); do
index=$host_type,$soft,$version
echo "$indent$indent[$version] ${list_host_type[$index]} times"
done
done
done
[typeA]
SoftA:
[v0] 1 times
[v1] 1 times
[v2] 1 times
[v3] 1 times
SoftB:
[v0] 1 times
[v1] 1 times
[v2] 2 times
[typeB]
SoftA:
[v1] 2 times
[v2] 1 times
[v3] 1 times
SoftB:
[v0] 1 times
[v1] 2 times
[v2] 1 times
[typeC]
SoftA:
[v0] 1 times
SoftB:
[v4] 1 times