bash：通过if；then进行特殊字符检测（&`'''~/\[]$*；）

为此我绞尽脑汁好几天了，我已经尝试了很多解决方案。每个方法在stackoverflow上都有一定程度的效果，但每个方法都无法提取大多数特殊字符。 我对if检查的`[{字符不太在行

基本上，我想检测这些字符中是否有一个在文件名中&`''~/\[]$*；如果用户选择了一个文件，我将在代码中进行错误对话并退出0

我目前正在使用这个：

STARTUPFILE="$(/usr/bin/osascript -e "tell application \"System Events\" to activate" -e "tell application \"System Events\" to set thefile to choose file with prompt \"choose file \"" -e "do shell script (\"echo \"&(quoted form of POSIX path of thefile as Unicode text)&\"\")")"


FILENAME=$(basename "$STARTUPFILE") # via osascript input dialogue

if [[ $FILENAME = *[( & ` ´  ' " ~ / | \ [ ] $ * ; )]* ]]; then

除了只允许a-Z&0-9之外，检测所有这些参数的最佳方法是什么？

尝试以下方法：

if echo "$FILENAME" | grep -qe '^[a-zA-Z0-9]*$'; then
    echo "ok"
else
    echo "no"
fi

---

很接近；您只需要转义shell将特别处理的某些字符。必须省略空格，除非您也希望匹配空格字符

if [[ $FILENAME = *[\(\&\`´\'\"~/\|\\[]\$*\;\)]* ]]; then

将模式存储在变量中可能更简单：

pattern=$'*[(&`´\'"~/|\\[]$*;)]*'
if [[ $FILENAME = $pattern ]]; then

如果您只是尝试转义模式和正则表达式元字符，您可能只需要将%q格式与printf一起使用

---

谢谢大家，但到目前为止，除了将其限制为a-Z和0-9之外，没有其他效果，但我不得不反过来，允许使用特定的字符

如果有人想要，我会把答案贴在这里

我在早上尝试了一些事情，呵呵，我永远无法在晚上解决像这些编码这样的问题，并且让一些东西工作起来

是这样的：

if [[ $FILENAME = *['&''#''$''['']''\/''\'':''|'';''{''}''´''`''"''*''~'"'"]* ]]; then

除了在结尾处用双精度转义外，我几乎必须用''转义每个字符。正如chepner所提到的，/converts to:在OSX中，因此检查它是通过/和：，因此在代码中都是这样

到目前为止，只有这种方法有效

编写了一个用于检查某些文件名的小shell：

if [[ $FILENAME = *['&''#''$''['']''\/''\'':''|'';''{''}''´''`''"''*''~'"'"]* ]]
then
    echo FILENAME = "$FILENAME"  >> "/Users/zero/Desktop/text.txt"
    echo FILENAME does not pass character filter >> "/Users/zero/Desktop/text.txt"
    echo " " >> "/Users/zero/Desktop/text.txt"
else
    echo FILENAME = "$FILENAME"  >> "/Users/zero/Desktop/text.txt"
    echo FILENAME passes character filter >> "/Users/zero/Desktop/text.txt"
    echo " " >> "/Users/zero/Desktop/text.txt"
fi

这将提供以下日志输出：

FILENAME = _PI   something normal even with () quotes or - + _ .iso
FILENAME passes character filter

FILENAME = _PI  _ something.iso
FILENAME passes character filter

FILENAME = _PI  - something.iso
FILENAME passes character filter

FILENAME = _PI  ! something.iso
FILENAME passes character filter

FILENAME = _PI  ? something.iso
FILENAME passes character filter

 FILENAME = _PI  + something.iso
FILENAME passes character filter

FILENAME = _PI  # something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

FILENAME = _PI ' something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

FILENAME = _PI " something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

FILENAME = _PI [ something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

FILENAME = _PI ] something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

FILENAME = _PI { something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

FILENAME = _PI } something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

FILENAME = _PI * something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

FILENAME = _PI : something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

FILENAME = _PI \ something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

FILENAME = _PI & something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

FILENAME = _PI ` something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

FILENAME = _PI ´ something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

FILENAME = _PI | something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

FILENAME = _PI ~ something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

FILENAME = _PI $ something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

---

你也认为空间是一个特殊的字符吗？也试试回响{a.z }，返回一个“^ ^”。[Z对我来说。为什么特别是这些字符？没有任何现有文件将包含/，因为这不是一个有效字符，忽略了这样一个事实，即OS X会将其默认更改为：但仍在Finder中显示为/，并且还有许多其他有效但同样奇怪的字符，您没有检查。@chepner:jut几乎每个字符都可以是在我列出的OSX文件名中使用，每个字符都是我想要避免的字符。Just:不允许出现在Finder中，而文件系统使用它自己的东西：正如你所说的。我只想过滤掉所有字符，因为osascript的输入对话返回的一些文件的名称中有&`''/\个字符。我知道这应该是很奇怪，但它根本不起作用，模式方法或直接在if中的检查都不起作用。我猜Finder和osascript的一些奇怪之处是造成这种情况的原因，或者它只是约塞米蒂打扰了我。我将尝试进行更多的试验。

FILENAME = _PI   something normal even with () quotes or - + _ .iso
FILENAME passes character filter

FILENAME = _PI  _ something.iso
FILENAME passes character filter

FILENAME = _PI  - something.iso
FILENAME passes character filter

FILENAME = _PI  ! something.iso
FILENAME passes character filter

FILENAME = _PI  ? something.iso
FILENAME passes character filter

 FILENAME = _PI  + something.iso
FILENAME passes character filter

FILENAME = _PI  # something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

FILENAME = _PI ' something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

FILENAME = _PI " something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

FILENAME = _PI [ something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

FILENAME = _PI ] something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

FILENAME = _PI { something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

FILENAME = _PI } something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

FILENAME = _PI * something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

FILENAME = _PI : something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

FILENAME = _PI \ something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

FILENAME = _PI & something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

FILENAME = _PI ` something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

FILENAME = _PI ´ something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

FILENAME = _PI | something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

FILENAME = _PI ~ something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter

FILENAME = _PI $ something.iso
FILENAME does not pass character filter