Bash 使用sudo别名启动午夜指挥官'mc'，并保留路径

在退出

sudo-mc

（要求编号4）时，是否可以用sudo启动mc包装程序并仍然使用控制台上最后选择的目录？我的默认别名如下所示

alias mc='EDITOR="${EDITOR-mcedit}" . /usr/lib/mc/mc-wrapper.sh'

一些错误（针对谷歌人） 我的要求

• Ubuntu 18.04.1
• 别名应可用于sudo调用，也可不用于sudo调用
• 如果可能，为所有用户提供

  /etc/bash.bashrc

  中的

  mc

  的单个别名
• 关闭Midnight Commander后，应“保留”您使用sudo mc更改的目录。这意味着您将不会与启动的

  sudo mc

  位于同一目录中（前提是它不是同一目录）

可选要求

• 查看别名是否以超级权限启动
• 查看别名是否以sudo开头
• 如果别名

  mc

  是在没有超级电源或sudo的情况下启动的，请询问程序

  mc

  是否仍应使用sudo权限启动
• 如果问题回答为否，请使用我的默认别名
• 在所有其他情况下，应满足前四项要求

• mc

  中的编辑器（例如

  mcedit

  或

  vi

  ）应可通过另一个别名选择，如

  mcvi

  （用于

  vi

  ），而无需代码重复
• 参数应该传递给程序，比如

  sudomc/opt//mnt/

这里有一个黑客解决方案（经过测试，但最后两个可选要求仍然缺失）

/etc/bash.bashrc

alias sudo='sudo '  # fixes "sudo: mc: command not found" (breaks with an argument: sudo -H ll)

# sudo apt update && sudo apt install dialog mc pwgen
#
# Start the alias with a "real" command (instead of a shell keyword like "if") so that sudo is not confused.
# This first command (env) will eat sudo and all arguments! Even the following file redirection including the angle bracket is already executed without sudo.
alias mc='env > "/tmp/mc.env.$(whoami).$$"
MC_USER="$(whoami)"
MC_ENV_FILE="/tmp/mc.env.${MC_USER}.$$"
# cat "${MC_ENV_FILE}"
if [ "$(cat "${MC_ENV_FILE}" | grep "$(id -nu 0)" | wc -l)" -gt "3" ]; then
    # echo "This alias was called with super powers."
    MC_ROOT="root"
fi
if [ "$(cat "${MC_ENV_FILE}" | grep "^SUDO_" | wc -l)" -gt "3" ]; then
    # echo "This alias was called with sudo (possibly sudo -i or sudo -s was entered before)."
    MC_SUDO="sudo"
fi
if [ "${MC_ROOT}" == "root" ] || [ "${MC_SUDO}" == "sudo" ]; then
    MC_DIALOG="0"
else
    # echo "This alias was called as normal user."
    dialog --cr-wrap --defaultno --title "sudo mc" --yesno "Do you want super powers (sudo/root)?\n\n(Alternatively you can use \"sudo mc\" directly next time.)\n\nAgain: Do you want super powers (sudo/root)?" 9 64
    MC_DIALOG="$?"
    tput reset
fi
if [ "${MC_DIALOG}" != "0" ]; then
    # echo "No, do not use sudo and stay normal user."
    # echo "Standard wrapper (without arguments)..."
    EDITOR="${EDITOR-mcedit}" . /usr/lib/mc/mc-wrapper.sh  # does not work with sudo because "." is not a program like "ls" or "grep"!
else
    # echo "Yes, exec those decisive commands with super powers."
    # echo "Custom wrapper (also without arguments)..."
    MC_PWD_FILE_DIRNAME="${TMPDIR-/tmp}/mc-${MC_USER}/"
    MC_PWD_FILE="${MC_PWD_FILE_DIRNAME}mc.pwd.$$.$(pwgen 13 1)"
    sudo mkdir -p "$MC_PWD_FILE_DIRNAME"
    sudo chown "$(sudo whoami)":"$(sudo whoami)" "$MC_PWD_FILE_DIRNAME"
    sudo chmod 0700 "$MC_PWD_FILE_DIRNAME"
    sudo EDITOR="${EDITOR-mcedit}" /usr/bin/mc -P "$MC_PWD_FILE"
    sudo chown -R "$MC_USER":"$MC_USER" "$MC_PWD_FILE_DIRNAME"
    if test -r "$MC_PWD_FILE"; then
        MC_PWD=$(cat "$MC_PWD_FILE")
        if test -n "$MC_PWD" && test -d "$MC_PWD"; then
            cd "$MC_PWD"
        fi
        unset MC_PWD
    fi
    rm -f "$MC_PWD_FILE"
    unset MC_PWD_FILE
    unset MC_PWD_FILE_DIRNAME
fi
unset MC_DIALOG
unset MC_SUDO
unset MC_ROOT
rm -f "${MC_ENV_FILE}"
unset MC_ENV_FILE
unset MC_USER
# This terminating line break is required:
'

---

我没有设法使用函数mcwrapper（和

$（declare-f mcwrapper）

），而且我认为这也没那么容易
没有留下评论的否决票就像没有否决票一样。我认为这个问题对我有帮助（如果我将来遇到同样的问题；），因此很可能对其他人也有帮助。

sudo

需要一个真正的可执行文件，而不是别名或shell函数。不，请参阅我的答案。您不能保留由

mc

所做的目录更改，没有在退出

mc

之前将当前目录的路径保存在文件中，然后让脚本在退出

mc

之后重新读取该文件以更改目录。否，请参阅我的答案。）

alias sudo='sudo '  # fixes "sudo: mc: command not found" (breaks with an argument: sudo -H ll)

# sudo apt update && sudo apt install dialog mc pwgen
#
# Start the alias with a "real" command (instead of a shell keyword like "if") so that sudo is not confused.
# This first command (env) will eat sudo and all arguments! Even the following file redirection including the angle bracket is already executed without sudo.
alias mc='env > "/tmp/mc.env.$(whoami).$$"
MC_USER="$(whoami)"
MC_ENV_FILE="/tmp/mc.env.${MC_USER}.$$"
# cat "${MC_ENV_FILE}"
if [ "$(cat "${MC_ENV_FILE}" | grep "$(id -nu 0)" | wc -l)" -gt "3" ]; then
    # echo "This alias was called with super powers."
    MC_ROOT="root"
fi
if [ "$(cat "${MC_ENV_FILE}" | grep "^SUDO_" | wc -l)" -gt "3" ]; then
    # echo "This alias was called with sudo (possibly sudo -i or sudo -s was entered before)."
    MC_SUDO="sudo"
fi
if [ "${MC_ROOT}" == "root" ] || [ "${MC_SUDO}" == "sudo" ]; then
    MC_DIALOG="0"
else
    # echo "This alias was called as normal user."
    dialog --cr-wrap --defaultno --title "sudo mc" --yesno "Do you want super powers (sudo/root)?\n\n(Alternatively you can use \"sudo mc\" directly next time.)\n\nAgain: Do you want super powers (sudo/root)?" 9 64
    MC_DIALOG="$?"
    tput reset
fi
if [ "${MC_DIALOG}" != "0" ]; then
    # echo "No, do not use sudo and stay normal user."
    # echo "Standard wrapper (without arguments)..."
    EDITOR="${EDITOR-mcedit}" . /usr/lib/mc/mc-wrapper.sh  # does not work with sudo because "." is not a program like "ls" or "grep"!
else
    # echo "Yes, exec those decisive commands with super powers."
    # echo "Custom wrapper (also without arguments)..."
    MC_PWD_FILE_DIRNAME="${TMPDIR-/tmp}/mc-${MC_USER}/"
    MC_PWD_FILE="${MC_PWD_FILE_DIRNAME}mc.pwd.$$.$(pwgen 13 1)"
    sudo mkdir -p "$MC_PWD_FILE_DIRNAME"
    sudo chown "$(sudo whoami)":"$(sudo whoami)" "$MC_PWD_FILE_DIRNAME"
    sudo chmod 0700 "$MC_PWD_FILE_DIRNAME"
    sudo EDITOR="${EDITOR-mcedit}" /usr/bin/mc -P "$MC_PWD_FILE"
    sudo chown -R "$MC_USER":"$MC_USER" "$MC_PWD_FILE_DIRNAME"
    if test -r "$MC_PWD_FILE"; then
        MC_PWD=$(cat "$MC_PWD_FILE")
        if test -n "$MC_PWD" && test -d "$MC_PWD"; then
            cd "$MC_PWD"
        fi
        unset MC_PWD
    fi
    rm -f "$MC_PWD_FILE"
    unset MC_PWD_FILE
    unset MC_PWD_FILE_DIRNAME
fi
unset MC_DIALOG
unset MC_SUDO
unset MC_ROOT
rm -f "${MC_ENV_FILE}"
unset MC_ENV_FILE
unset MC_USER
# This terminating line break is required:
'