C++ 如何检测类中是否存在特定的成员变量？
为了创建算法模板函数，我需要知道类中的x或x（以及y或y）是模板参数。在MFC CPoint类或GDI+PointF类或其他一些类中使用我的函数时，它可能很有用。它们都使用不同的x。我的解决方案可以简化为以下代码：C++ 如何检测类中是否存在特定的成员变量？,c++,visual-studio,templates,g++,sfinae,C++,Visual Studio,Templates,G++,Sfinae,为了创建算法模板函数，我需要知道类中的x或x（以及y或y）是模板参数。在MFC CPoint类或GDI+PointF类或其他一些类中使用我的函数时，它可能很有用。它们都使用不同的x。我的解决方案可以简化为以下代码： template<int> struct TT {typedef int type;}; template<class P> bool Check_x(P p, typename TT<sizeof(&P::x)>::type b = 0) {
template<int> struct TT {typedef int type;};
template<class P> bool Check_x(P p, typename TT<sizeof(&P::x)>::type b = 0) { return true; }
template<class P> bool Check_x(P p, typename TT<sizeof(&P::X)>::type b = 0) { return false; }
struct P1 {int x; };
struct P2 {float X; };
// it also could be struct P3 {unknown_type X; };
int main()
{
P1 p1 = {1};
P2 p2 = {1};
Check_x(p1); // must return true
Check_x(p2); // must return false
return 0;
}
模板结构TT{typedef int type；}；
模板bool Check_x（pp，typename TT:：type b=0）{return true；}
模板bool Check_x（pp，typename TT:：type b=0）{return false；}
结构P1{int x；}；
结构P2{float X；}；
//它也可以是结构P3{unknown_type X；}；
int main（）
{
P1={1}；
p2p2={1}；
检查_x（p1）；//必须返回true
检查_x（p2）；//必须返回false
返回0；
}
template<class P> bool Check_x(P p, typename TT<&P::x==&P::x>::type b = 0) { return true; }
template<class P> bool Check_x(P p, typename TT<&P::X==&P::X>::type b = 0) { return false; }
模板bool Check_x（pp，typename TT:：type b=0）{return true；}
模板bool Check_x（pp，typename TT:：type b=0）{return false；}
但是它没有编译在GNU C++中。有普遍的解决办法吗
UPD：这里的结构P1和P2只是示例。可能存在任何成员未知的类请注意，不要在这里发布C++11解决方案，因为它们是显而易见的，与问题无关。为什么不这样使用专门化：
struct P1 {int x; };
struct P2 {int X; };
template<class P>
bool Check_x(P p) { return true; }
template<>
bool Check_x<P2>(P2 p) { return false; }
为什么不创建Check\x的模板专门化呢
template<> bool Check_x(P1 p) { return true; }
template<> bool Check_x(P2 p) { return false; }
template bool Check_x（p1p）{return true；}
模板bool Check_x（p2p）{返回false；}
另一种方法是这种方法，它也依赖于。如果名称查找导致歧义，编译器将拒绝该模板
template<typename T> struct HasX {
struct Fallback { int x; }; // introduce member name "x"
struct Derived : T, Fallback { };
template<typename C, C> struct ChT;
template<typename C> static char (&f(ChT<int Fallback::*, &C::x>*))[1];
template<typename C> static char (&f(...))[2];
static bool const value = sizeof(f<Derived>(0)) == 2;
};
struct A { int x; };
struct B { int X; };
int main() {
std::cout << HasX<A>::value << std::endl; // 1
std::cout << HasX<B>::value << std::endl; // 0
}
模板结构HasX{
结构回退{int x；}；//引入成员名“x”
派生结构：T，回退{}；
模板结构；
模板静态字符&f（ChT*）[1]；
模板静态字符（&f（…）[2]；
静态布尔常量值=sizeof（f（0））==2；
};
结构A{int x；}；
结构B{int X；}；
int main（）{
std:：cout在其他宏之间提供一些宏来定义类型特征，例如BOOST\u TT\u EXT\u define\u HAS\u MEMBER（name）
，它定义了表单的类型特征：
has_member_##name<T>
并检查如下
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(has_member_x<P1>::value);
BOOST\u STATIC\u ASSERT（has\u member\u x:：value）；
使用的技巧与前面一些答案中解释的技巧相同
不幸的是，这个库不再维护。现在C++0x将不包含概念，这个库与SFINAE一起是处理大多数概念的完美替代品。更新：我最近对我在原始答案中发布的代码做了一些修改，所以我正在更新它以考虑更改/添加。
以下是一些用法片段：
*所有这一切的勇气都在更深处
检查给定类中的成员x
。可以是var、func、class、union或enum:
CREATE_MEMBER_CHECK(x);
bool has_x = has_member_x<class_to_check_for_x>::value;
//Func signature MUST have T as template variable here... simpler this way :\
CREATE_MEMBER_FUNC_SIG_CHECK(x, void (T::*)(), void__x);
bool has_func_sig_void__x = has_member_func_void__x<class_to_check_for_x>::value;
CREATE_MEMBER_VAR_CHECK(x);
bool has_var_x = has_member_var_x<class_to_check_for_x>::value;
CREATE_MEMBER_CLASS_CHECK(x);
bool has_class_x = has_member_class_x<class_to_check_for_x>::value;
CREATE_MEMBER_UNION_CHECK(x);
bool has_union_x = has_member_union_x<class_to_check_for_x>::value;
CREATE_MEMBER_ENUM_CHECK(x);
bool has_enum_x = has_member_enum_x<class_to_check_for_x>::value;
CREATE_MEMBER_CHECK(x);
CREATE_MEMBER_VAR_CHECK(x);
CREATE_MEMBER_CLASS_CHECK(x);
CREATE_MEMBER_UNION_CHECK(x);
CREATE_MEMBER_ENUM_CHECK(x);
CREATE_MEMBER_FUNC_CHECK(x);
bool has_any_func_x = has_member_func_x<class_to_check_for_x>::value;
/*
- Multiple inheritance forces ambiguity of member names.
- SFINAE is used to make aliases to member names.
- Expression SFINAE is used in just one generic has_member that can accept
any alias we pass it.
*/
template <typename... Args> struct ambiguate : public Args... {};
template<typename A, typename = void>
struct got_type : std::false_type {};
template<typename A>
struct got_type<A> : std::true_type {
typedef A type;
};
template<typename T, T>
struct sig_check : std::true_type {};
template<typename Alias, typename AmbiguitySeed>
struct has_member {
template<typename C> static char ((&f(decltype(&C::value))))[1];
template<typename C> static char ((&f(...)))[2];
//Make sure the member name is consistently spelled the same.
static_assert(
(sizeof(f<AmbiguitySeed>(0)) == 1)
, "Member name specified in AmbiguitySeed is different from member name specified in Alias, or wrong Alias/AmbiguitySeed has been specified."
);
static bool const value = sizeof(f<Alias>(0)) == 2;
};
//Check for any member with given name, whether var, func, class, union, enum.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_CHECK(member) \
\
template<typename T, typename = std::true_type> \
struct Alias_##member; \
\
template<typename T> \
struct Alias_##member < \
T, std::integral_constant<bool, got_type<decltype(&T::member)>::value> \
> { static const decltype(&T::member) value; }; \
\
struct AmbiguitySeed_##member { char member; }; \
\
template<typename T> \
struct has_member_##member { \
static const bool value \
= has_member< \
Alias_##member<ambiguate<T, AmbiguitySeed_##member>> \
, Alias_##member<AmbiguitySeed_##member> \
>::value \
; \
}
//Check for member variable with given name.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_VAR_CHECK(var_name) \
\
template<typename T, typename = std::true_type> \
struct has_member_var_##var_name : std::false_type {}; \
\
template<typename T> \
struct has_member_var_##var_name< \
T \
, std::integral_constant< \
bool \
, !std::is_member_function_pointer<decltype(&T::var_name)>::value \
> \
> : std::true_type {}
//Check for member function with given name AND signature.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_FUNC_SIG_CHECK(func_name, func_sig, templ_postfix) \
\
template<typename T, typename = std::true_type> \
struct has_member_func_##templ_postfix : std::false_type {}; \
\
template<typename T> \
struct has_member_func_##templ_postfix< \
T, std::integral_constant< \
bool \
, sig_check<func_sig, &T::func_name>::value \
> \
> : std::true_type {}
//Check for member class with given name.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_CLASS_CHECK(class_name) \
\
template<typename T, typename = std::true_type> \
struct has_member_class_##class_name : std::false_type {}; \
\
template<typename T> \
struct has_member_class_##class_name< \
T \
, std::integral_constant< \
bool \
, std::is_class< \
typename got_type<typename T::class_name>::type \
>::value \
> \
> : std::true_type {}
//Check for member union with given name.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_UNION_CHECK(union_name) \
\
template<typename T, typename = std::true_type> \
struct has_member_union_##union_name : std::false_type {}; \
\
template<typename T> \
struct has_member_union_##union_name< \
T \
, std::integral_constant< \
bool \
, std::is_union< \
typename got_type<typename T::union_name>::type \
>::value \
> \
> : std::true_type {}
//Check for member enum with given name.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_ENUM_CHECK(enum_name) \
\
template<typename T, typename = std::true_type> \
struct has_member_enum_##enum_name : std::false_type {}; \
\
template<typename T> \
struct has_member_enum_##enum_name< \
T \
, std::integral_constant< \
bool \
, std::is_enum< \
typename got_type<typename T::enum_name>::type \
>::value \
> \
> : std::true_type {}
//Check for function with given name, any signature.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_FUNC_CHECK(func) \
template<typename T> \
struct has_member_func_##func { \
static const bool value \
= has_member_##func<T>::value \
&& !has_member_var_##func<T>::value \
&& !has_member_class_##func<T>::value \
&& !has_member_union_##func<T>::value \
&& !has_member_enum_##func<T>::value \
; \
}
//Create all the checks for one member. Does NOT include func sig checks.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_CHECKS(member) \
CREATE_MEMBER_CHECK(member); \
CREATE_MEMBER_VAR_CHECK(member); \
CREATE_MEMBER_CLASS_CHECK(member); \
CREATE_MEMBER_UNION_CHECK(member); \
CREATE_MEMBER_ENUM_CHECK(member); \
CREATE_MEMBER_FUNC_CHECK(member)
检查成员变量x
：
CREATE_MEMBER_CHECK(x);
bool has_x = has_member_x<class_to_check_for_x>::value;
//Func signature MUST have T as template variable here... simpler this way :\
CREATE_MEMBER_FUNC_SIG_CHECK(x, void (T::*)(), void__x);
bool has_func_sig_void__x = has_member_func_void__x<class_to_check_for_x>::value;
CREATE_MEMBER_VAR_CHECK(x);
bool has_var_x = has_member_var_x<class_to_check_for_x>::value;
CREATE_MEMBER_CLASS_CHECK(x);
bool has_class_x = has_member_class_x<class_to_check_for_x>::value;
CREATE_MEMBER_UNION_CHECK(x);
bool has_union_x = has_member_union_x<class_to_check_for_x>::value;
CREATE_MEMBER_ENUM_CHECK(x);
bool has_enum_x = has_member_enum_x<class_to_check_for_x>::value;
CREATE_MEMBER_CHECK(x);
CREATE_MEMBER_VAR_CHECK(x);
CREATE_MEMBER_CLASS_CHECK(x);
CREATE_MEMBER_UNION_CHECK(x);
CREATE_MEMBER_ENUM_CHECK(x);
CREATE_MEMBER_FUNC_CHECK(x);
bool has_any_func_x = has_member_func_x<class_to_check_for_x>::value;
/*
- Multiple inheritance forces ambiguity of member names.
- SFINAE is used to make aliases to member names.
- Expression SFINAE is used in just one generic has_member that can accept
any alias we pass it.
*/
template <typename... Args> struct ambiguate : public Args... {};
template<typename A, typename = void>
struct got_type : std::false_type {};
template<typename A>
struct got_type<A> : std::true_type {
typedef A type;
};
template<typename T, T>
struct sig_check : std::true_type {};
template<typename Alias, typename AmbiguitySeed>
struct has_member {
template<typename C> static char ((&f(decltype(&C::value))))[1];
template<typename C> static char ((&f(...)))[2];
//Make sure the member name is consistently spelled the same.
static_assert(
(sizeof(f<AmbiguitySeed>(0)) == 1)
, "Member name specified in AmbiguitySeed is different from member name specified in Alias, or wrong Alias/AmbiguitySeed has been specified."
);
static bool const value = sizeof(f<Alias>(0)) == 2;
};
//Check for any member with given name, whether var, func, class, union, enum.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_CHECK(member) \
\
template<typename T, typename = std::true_type> \
struct Alias_##member; \
\
template<typename T> \
struct Alias_##member < \
T, std::integral_constant<bool, got_type<decltype(&T::member)>::value> \
> { static const decltype(&T::member) value; }; \
\
struct AmbiguitySeed_##member { char member; }; \
\
template<typename T> \
struct has_member_##member { \
static const bool value \
= has_member< \
Alias_##member<ambiguate<T, AmbiguitySeed_##member>> \
, Alias_##member<AmbiguitySeed_##member> \
>::value \
; \
}
//Check for member variable with given name.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_VAR_CHECK(var_name) \
\
template<typename T, typename = std::true_type> \
struct has_member_var_##var_name : std::false_type {}; \
\
template<typename T> \
struct has_member_var_##var_name< \
T \
, std::integral_constant< \
bool \
, !std::is_member_function_pointer<decltype(&T::var_name)>::value \
> \
> : std::true_type {}
//Check for member function with given name AND signature.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_FUNC_SIG_CHECK(func_name, func_sig, templ_postfix) \
\
template<typename T, typename = std::true_type> \
struct has_member_func_##templ_postfix : std::false_type {}; \
\
template<typename T> \
struct has_member_func_##templ_postfix< \
T, std::integral_constant< \
bool \
, sig_check<func_sig, &T::func_name>::value \
> \
> : std::true_type {}
//Check for member class with given name.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_CLASS_CHECK(class_name) \
\
template<typename T, typename = std::true_type> \
struct has_member_class_##class_name : std::false_type {}; \
\
template<typename T> \
struct has_member_class_##class_name< \
T \
, std::integral_constant< \
bool \
, std::is_class< \
typename got_type<typename T::class_name>::type \
>::value \
> \
> : std::true_type {}
//Check for member union with given name.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_UNION_CHECK(union_name) \
\
template<typename T, typename = std::true_type> \
struct has_member_union_##union_name : std::false_type {}; \
\
template<typename T> \
struct has_member_union_##union_name< \
T \
, std::integral_constant< \
bool \
, std::is_union< \
typename got_type<typename T::union_name>::type \
>::value \
> \
> : std::true_type {}
//Check for member enum with given name.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_ENUM_CHECK(enum_name) \
\
template<typename T, typename = std::true_type> \
struct has_member_enum_##enum_name : std::false_type {}; \
\
template<typename T> \
struct has_member_enum_##enum_name< \
T \
, std::integral_constant< \
bool \
, std::is_enum< \
typename got_type<typename T::enum_name>::type \
>::value \
> \
> : std::true_type {}
//Check for function with given name, any signature.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_FUNC_CHECK(func) \
template<typename T> \
struct has_member_func_##func { \
static const bool value \
= has_member_##func<T>::value \
&& !has_member_var_##func<T>::value \
&& !has_member_class_##func<T>::value \
&& !has_member_union_##func<T>::value \
&& !has_member_enum_##func<T>::value \
; \
}
//Create all the checks for one member. Does NOT include func sig checks.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_CHECKS(member) \
CREATE_MEMBER_CHECK(member); \
CREATE_MEMBER_VAR_CHECK(member); \
CREATE_MEMBER_CLASS_CHECK(member); \
CREATE_MEMBER_UNION_CHECK(member); \
CREATE_MEMBER_ENUM_CHECK(member); \
CREATE_MEMBER_FUNC_CHECK(member)
检查成员工会x
：
CREATE_MEMBER_CHECK(x);
bool has_x = has_member_x<class_to_check_for_x>::value;
//Func signature MUST have T as template variable here... simpler this way :\
CREATE_MEMBER_FUNC_SIG_CHECK(x, void (T::*)(), void__x);
bool has_func_sig_void__x = has_member_func_void__x<class_to_check_for_x>::value;
CREATE_MEMBER_VAR_CHECK(x);
bool has_var_x = has_member_var_x<class_to_check_for_x>::value;
CREATE_MEMBER_CLASS_CHECK(x);
bool has_class_x = has_member_class_x<class_to_check_for_x>::value;
CREATE_MEMBER_UNION_CHECK(x);
bool has_union_x = has_member_union_x<class_to_check_for_x>::value;
CREATE_MEMBER_ENUM_CHECK(x);
bool has_enum_x = has_member_enum_x<class_to_check_for_x>::value;
CREATE_MEMBER_CHECK(x);
CREATE_MEMBER_VAR_CHECK(x);
CREATE_MEMBER_CLASS_CHECK(x);
CREATE_MEMBER_UNION_CHECK(x);
CREATE_MEMBER_ENUM_CHECK(x);
CREATE_MEMBER_FUNC_CHECK(x);
bool has_any_func_x = has_member_func_x<class_to_check_for_x>::value;
/*
- Multiple inheritance forces ambiguity of member names.
- SFINAE is used to make aliases to member names.
- Expression SFINAE is used in just one generic has_member that can accept
any alias we pass it.
*/
template <typename... Args> struct ambiguate : public Args... {};
template<typename A, typename = void>
struct got_type : std::false_type {};
template<typename A>
struct got_type<A> : std::true_type {
typedef A type;
};
template<typename T, T>
struct sig_check : std::true_type {};
template<typename Alias, typename AmbiguitySeed>
struct has_member {
template<typename C> static char ((&f(decltype(&C::value))))[1];
template<typename C> static char ((&f(...)))[2];
//Make sure the member name is consistently spelled the same.
static_assert(
(sizeof(f<AmbiguitySeed>(0)) == 1)
, "Member name specified in AmbiguitySeed is different from member name specified in Alias, or wrong Alias/AmbiguitySeed has been specified."
);
static bool const value = sizeof(f<Alias>(0)) == 2;
};
//Check for any member with given name, whether var, func, class, union, enum.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_CHECK(member) \
\
template<typename T, typename = std::true_type> \
struct Alias_##member; \
\
template<typename T> \
struct Alias_##member < \
T, std::integral_constant<bool, got_type<decltype(&T::member)>::value> \
> { static const decltype(&T::member) value; }; \
\
struct AmbiguitySeed_##member { char member; }; \
\
template<typename T> \
struct has_member_##member { \
static const bool value \
= has_member< \
Alias_##member<ambiguate<T, AmbiguitySeed_##member>> \
, Alias_##member<AmbiguitySeed_##member> \
>::value \
; \
}
//Check for member variable with given name.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_VAR_CHECK(var_name) \
\
template<typename T, typename = std::true_type> \
struct has_member_var_##var_name : std::false_type {}; \
\
template<typename T> \
struct has_member_var_##var_name< \
T \
, std::integral_constant< \
bool \
, !std::is_member_function_pointer<decltype(&T::var_name)>::value \
> \
> : std::true_type {}
//Check for member function with given name AND signature.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_FUNC_SIG_CHECK(func_name, func_sig, templ_postfix) \
\
template<typename T, typename = std::true_type> \
struct has_member_func_##templ_postfix : std::false_type {}; \
\
template<typename T> \
struct has_member_func_##templ_postfix< \
T, std::integral_constant< \
bool \
, sig_check<func_sig, &T::func_name>::value \
> \
> : std::true_type {}
//Check for member class with given name.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_CLASS_CHECK(class_name) \
\
template<typename T, typename = std::true_type> \
struct has_member_class_##class_name : std::false_type {}; \
\
template<typename T> \
struct has_member_class_##class_name< \
T \
, std::integral_constant< \
bool \
, std::is_class< \
typename got_type<typename T::class_name>::type \
>::value \
> \
> : std::true_type {}
//Check for member union with given name.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_UNION_CHECK(union_name) \
\
template<typename T, typename = std::true_type> \
struct has_member_union_##union_name : std::false_type {}; \
\
template<typename T> \
struct has_member_union_##union_name< \
T \
, std::integral_constant< \
bool \
, std::is_union< \
typename got_type<typename T::union_name>::type \
>::value \
> \
> : std::true_type {}
//Check for member enum with given name.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_ENUM_CHECK(enum_name) \
\
template<typename T, typename = std::true_type> \
struct has_member_enum_##enum_name : std::false_type {}; \
\
template<typename T> \
struct has_member_enum_##enum_name< \
T \
, std::integral_constant< \
bool \
, std::is_enum< \
typename got_type<typename T::enum_name>::type \
>::value \
> \
> : std::true_type {}
//Check for function with given name, any signature.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_FUNC_CHECK(func) \
template<typename T> \
struct has_member_func_##func { \
static const bool value \
= has_member_##func<T>::value \
&& !has_member_var_##func<T>::value \
&& !has_member_class_##func<T>::value \
&& !has_member_union_##func<T>::value \
&& !has_member_enum_##func<T>::value \
; \
}
//Create all the checks for one member. Does NOT include func sig checks.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_CHECKS(member) \
CREATE_MEMBER_CHECK(member); \
CREATE_MEMBER_VAR_CHECK(member); \
CREATE_MEMBER_CLASS_CHECK(member); \
CREATE_MEMBER_UNION_CHECK(member); \
CREATE_MEMBER_ENUM_CHECK(member); \
CREATE_MEMBER_FUNC_CHECK(member)
检查是否有任何成员函数x
而不考虑签名：
CREATE_MEMBER_CHECK(x);
bool has_x = has_member_x<class_to_check_for_x>::value;
//Func signature MUST have T as template variable here... simpler this way :\
CREATE_MEMBER_FUNC_SIG_CHECK(x, void (T::*)(), void__x);
bool has_func_sig_void__x = has_member_func_void__x<class_to_check_for_x>::value;
CREATE_MEMBER_VAR_CHECK(x);
bool has_var_x = has_member_var_x<class_to_check_for_x>::value;
CREATE_MEMBER_CLASS_CHECK(x);
bool has_class_x = has_member_class_x<class_to_check_for_x>::value;
CREATE_MEMBER_UNION_CHECK(x);
bool has_union_x = has_member_union_x<class_to_check_for_x>::value;
CREATE_MEMBER_ENUM_CHECK(x);
bool has_enum_x = has_member_enum_x<class_to_check_for_x>::value;
CREATE_MEMBER_CHECK(x);
CREATE_MEMBER_VAR_CHECK(x);
CREATE_MEMBER_CLASS_CHECK(x);
CREATE_MEMBER_UNION_CHECK(x);
CREATE_MEMBER_ENUM_CHECK(x);
CREATE_MEMBER_FUNC_CHECK(x);
bool has_any_func_x = has_member_func_x<class_to_check_for_x>::value;
/*
- Multiple inheritance forces ambiguity of member names.
- SFINAE is used to make aliases to member names.
- Expression SFINAE is used in just one generic has_member that can accept
any alias we pass it.
*/
template <typename... Args> struct ambiguate : public Args... {};
template<typename A, typename = void>
struct got_type : std::false_type {};
template<typename A>
struct got_type<A> : std::true_type {
typedef A type;
};
template<typename T, T>
struct sig_check : std::true_type {};
template<typename Alias, typename AmbiguitySeed>
struct has_member {
template<typename C> static char ((&f(decltype(&C::value))))[1];
template<typename C> static char ((&f(...)))[2];
//Make sure the member name is consistently spelled the same.
static_assert(
(sizeof(f<AmbiguitySeed>(0)) == 1)
, "Member name specified in AmbiguitySeed is different from member name specified in Alias, or wrong Alias/AmbiguitySeed has been specified."
);
static bool const value = sizeof(f<Alias>(0)) == 2;
};
//Check for any member with given name, whether var, func, class, union, enum.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_CHECK(member) \
\
template<typename T, typename = std::true_type> \
struct Alias_##member; \
\
template<typename T> \
struct Alias_##member < \
T, std::integral_constant<bool, got_type<decltype(&T::member)>::value> \
> { static const decltype(&T::member) value; }; \
\
struct AmbiguitySeed_##member { char member; }; \
\
template<typename T> \
struct has_member_##member { \
static const bool value \
= has_member< \
Alias_##member<ambiguate<T, AmbiguitySeed_##member>> \
, Alias_##member<AmbiguitySeed_##member> \
>::value \
; \
}
//Check for member variable with given name.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_VAR_CHECK(var_name) \
\
template<typename T, typename = std::true_type> \
struct has_member_var_##var_name : std::false_type {}; \
\
template<typename T> \
struct has_member_var_##var_name< \
T \
, std::integral_constant< \
bool \
, !std::is_member_function_pointer<decltype(&T::var_name)>::value \
> \
> : std::true_type {}
//Check for member function with given name AND signature.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_FUNC_SIG_CHECK(func_name, func_sig, templ_postfix) \
\
template<typename T, typename = std::true_type> \
struct has_member_func_##templ_postfix : std::false_type {}; \
\
template<typename T> \
struct has_member_func_##templ_postfix< \
T, std::integral_constant< \
bool \
, sig_check<func_sig, &T::func_name>::value \
> \
> : std::true_type {}
//Check for member class with given name.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_CLASS_CHECK(class_name) \
\
template<typename T, typename = std::true_type> \
struct has_member_class_##class_name : std::false_type {}; \
\
template<typename T> \
struct has_member_class_##class_name< \
T \
, std::integral_constant< \
bool \
, std::is_class< \
typename got_type<typename T::class_name>::type \
>::value \
> \
> : std::true_type {}
//Check for member union with given name.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_UNION_CHECK(union_name) \
\
template<typename T, typename = std::true_type> \
struct has_member_union_##union_name : std::false_type {}; \
\
template<typename T> \
struct has_member_union_##union_name< \
T \
, std::integral_constant< \
bool \
, std::is_union< \
typename got_type<typename T::union_name>::type \
>::value \
> \
> : std::true_type {}
//Check for member enum with given name.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_ENUM_CHECK(enum_name) \
\
template<typename T, typename = std::true_type> \
struct has_member_enum_##enum_name : std::false_type {}; \
\
template<typename T> \
struct has_member_enum_##enum_name< \
T \
, std::integral_constant< \
bool \
, std::is_enum< \
typename got_type<typename T::enum_name>::type \
>::value \
> \
> : std::true_type {}
//Check for function with given name, any signature.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_FUNC_CHECK(func) \
template<typename T> \
struct has_member_func_##func { \
static const bool value \
= has_member_##func<T>::value \
&& !has_member_var_##func<T>::value \
&& !has_member_class_##func<T>::value \
&& !has_member_union_##func<T>::value \
&& !has_member_enum_##func<T>::value \
; \
}
//Create all the checks for one member. Does NOT include func sig checks.
#define CREATE_MEMBER_CHECKS(member) \
CREATE_MEMBER_CHECK(member); \
CREATE_MEMBER_VAR_CHECK(member); \
CREATE_MEMBER_CLASS_CHECK(member); \
CREATE_MEMBER_UNION_CHECK(member); \
CREATE_MEMBER_ENUM_CHECK(member); \
CREATE_MEMBER_FUNC_CHECK(member)
我从一个被关闭为此线程副本的线程重定向到这里。我知道这是一个旧线程，但我只是想建议一个使用C++11的替代（更简单？）实现。假设我们要检查某个类是否有名为id
的成员变量：
#include <type_traits>
template<typename T, typename = void>
struct has_id : std::false_type { };
template<typename T>
struct has_id<T, decltype(std::declval<T>().id, void())> : std::true_type { };
#包括
模板
结构具有\u id:std:：false\u类型{}；
模板
结构具有\u id:std:：true\u类型{}；
就是这样。下面是它的用法（）：
#包括
使用名称空间std；
结构X{int id；}；
结构Y{int foo；}；
int main（）
{
cout这里有一个比的更简单的解决方案。它需要C++11
#include <type_traits>
template <typename T, typename = int>
struct HasX : std::false_type { };
template <typename T>
struct HasX <T, decltype((void) T::x, 0)> : std::true_type { };
我们有HasX:：value==true
和HasX:：value==false
。让我们看看原因
首先回想一下std:：false_type
和std:：true_type
有一个名为value
的static constexpr bool
成员，分别设置为false
和true
。因此，上面的两个模板HasX
继承了这个成员。（第一个模板来自std:：false_type
，第二个模板来自std:：true_type
）
让我们从简单开始，然后一步一步地进行，直到找到上面的代码
1） 起点：
template <typename T, typename U>
struct HasX : std::false_type { };
假定U
默认为int
，Has
实际上意味着HasX
，因此，HasX:：value==HasX:：value==false
3） 添加专门化：
// Primary template
template <typename T, typename U = int>
struct HasX : std::false_type { };
// Specialization for U = int
template <typename T>
struct HasX<T, int> : std::true_type { };
其中foo
是某种类类型。如果f
是foo
类型的对象，则decltype（func（f，0））
表示char
（由func（f，0）
返回的类型）
现在，表达式（1.2,0）
使用（内置）逗号运算符，该运算符按顺序计算两个子表达式（即，首先1.2
，然后0
），丢弃第一个值并生成第二个值。因此
int x = (1.2, 0);
相当于
int x = 0;
将其与decltype
放在一起，可以得出decltype（1.2，0）
表示int
。这里1.2
或double
没有什么特别之处。例如，true
有typebool
和decltype（true，0）
表示int