C++ 如何编写用于合成的复制构造函数?

C++ 如何编写用于合成的复制构造函数?,c++,copy-constructor,composition,C++,Copy Constructor,Composition,下面是我的代码: class Pulley{ private: int noOfTeeth; public: Pulley(); Pulley(int teeth); ~Pulley(); void show(); }; Pulley::Pulley() { cout << "Pulley constructor called!"; noOfTeeth = 0; } Pulley::Pulley(int teeth) {

下面是我的代码:

class Pulley{
private:
    int noOfTeeth;

public:
    Pulley();
    Pulley(int teeth);
    ~Pulley();

    void show();
};

Pulley::Pulley()
{
    cout << "Pulley constructor called!";
    noOfTeeth = 0;
}

Pulley::Pulley(int teeth)
{
    cout << "Pulley constructor called!";
    noOfTeeth = teeth;
}

void Pulley::show()
{
    cout << "\n\nNo of Teeths of Pulley: " << noOfTeeth;
}

Pulley::~Pulley()
{

}

class GearBox{
    private:
    char *transmission;
    Pulley p;

    public:
    GearBox();
    GearBox(char *trans, int pTeeth);
    ~GearBox();

    void show();
};

GearBox::GearBox(): p()
{
    cout << "Gearbox constructor called!";
    transmission = NULL;
}

GearBox::GearBox(char *trans, int pTeeth): p(pTeeth)
{
    cout << "Gearbox constructor called!";
    if(trans != NULL)
    {
        transmission = new char[strlen(trans)+1];
        strcpy(transmission, trans);
    }
    else
    {
        transmission = NULL;
    }   
}

void GearBox::show()
{
    cout << "\n\nTransmission of vehicle: " << transmission;
    p.show();
}

GearBox::~GearBox()
{

}

class Vehicle{
private:
    char *model;
    char *color;
    GearBox g;

public:
    Vehicle();
    Vehicle(char *mod, char *col, char *gr);
    Vehicle(const Vehicle &vh);
    ~Vehicle();

    void show();
};

Vehicle::Vehicle(): g()
{
    cout << "Vehicle constructor called!";
    model = NULL;
    color = NULL;
}

Vehicle::Vehicle(char *mod, char *col, char *gr): g(gr)
{
    cout << "Vehicle constructor called!";
    if(mod != NULL)
    {
        model = new char[strlen(mod)+1];
        strcpy(model, mod);
    }
    else
    {
        model = NULL;
    }

    if(col != NULL)
    {
        color = new char[strlen(col)+1];
        strcpy(color, col);
    }
    else
    {
        color = NULL;
    }
}

void Vehicle::show()
{
    cout << "\n\nModel of Vehicle: " << model;
    cout << "\n\nColor of Vehicle: " << color;
    g.show();
}

int main()
{
    Pulley p(20);
    GearBox g("Manual", p);
    Vehicle V("Honda", "Black", g);
    V.show();
    system("PAUSE");
}
现在,当我运行这段代码时,我得到了很多错误,我不知道这些错误是什么,以及如何解决它们。我理解的一个错误是复制构造函数,所以有谁能解释我如何编写用于字符传输、模型和颜色指针的复制构造函数。还请告诉我如何解决其他错误。非常感谢。

试试这样:

#include <string>
#include <iostream>

class Pulley{
private:
    int noOfTeeth;

public:
    Pulley(int teeth = 0);

    void show();
};

Pulley::Pulley(int teeth)
: noOfTeeth(teeth)
{
    std::cout << "Pulley constructor called!";
}

void Pulley::show()
{
    std::cout << "\n\nNo of Teeths of Pulley: " << noOfTeeth;
}

class GearBox{
    private:
    std::string transmission;
    Pulley p;

    public:
    GearBox(std::string trans = std::string(), Pulley p = Pulley());

    void show();
};

GearBox::GearBox(std::string trans, Pulley p)
: transmission(std::move(trans))
, p(std::move(p))
{
    std::cout << "Gearbox constructor called!";
}

void GearBox::show()
{
    std::cout << "\n\nTransmission of vehicle: " << transmission;
    p.show();
}

class Vehicle{
private:
    std::string model;
    std::string color;
    GearBox g;

public:
    Vehicle();
    Vehicle(std::string mod = "", std::string col = "", GearBox gr = GearBox());

    void show();
};

Vehicle::Vehicle(std::string mod,std::string col, GearBox gr)
: model(std::move(mod))
, color(std::move(col))
, g(std::move(gr))
{
    std::cout << "Vehicle constructor called!";
}

void Vehicle::show()
{
    std::cout << "\n\nModel of Vehicle: " << model;
    std::cout << "\n\nColor of Vehicle: " << color;
    g.show();
}

int main()
{
    Pulley p(20);
    GearBox g("Manual", p);
    Vehicle V("Honda", "Black", g);
    V.show();
//    system("PAUSE");
}

在编写代码时,先从一些小而简单、工作完美的东西开始,然后一次增加一点复杂性。如果您在这么多代码中有很多错误,那是因为您没有在出现错误时解决它们。永远不要添加不起作用的代码。我建议您尽可能简化此代码,同时仍会出现一些错误;您可能会发现错误变得很明显,否则您可以发布一个更简单的示例。存储字符串时,请使用std::string。不要写析构函数或复制运算符。委托给std::string、std::vector、std::unique_ptr等。现在,当我运行这段代码时,我得到了很多错误,我不知道这些错误是什么以及如何解决它们。从这句话中,我们不清楚您是否有编译错误,如果是,这些错误是什么?或者您的代码在运行时失败了。如果是,您是否尝试使用调试器单步检查代码,以找出失败的原因?在实现构造函数、析构函数和赋值运算符时,理解这一点非常重要。遵循这个建议可能会解决你的问题。为什么你调用主体中的构造函数来调用与调用不匹配的构造函数?我会认为这个答案不完整。它既没有说明做了什么改变,也没有解释改变背后的原因。你能在不教我任何东西的情况下帮我做家庭作业吗?它是在一篇文章的基础上发布的comment@RichardHodges你能解释一下movetrans和movep的代码吗,首先是移动一个内置函数,如果是的话,我们用它来做什么?@ KuBaBikHaar关于C++标准库函数的所有问题都回答如下: