C++ C++；CUDA项目未在VS2012中编译，错误为<<<&引用；

我在VisualStudio2012中编译“Hello world”CUDA程序时遇到了一些问题。我从Nvidia下载了以下示例：

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "cuda.h"
#include "cuda_runtime.h"
#include "device_launch_parameters.h"

#include <stdio.h>

__device__ const char *STR = "HELLO WORLD!";
const char STR_LENGTH = 12;

__global__ void hello()
{
    printf("%c\n", STR[threadIdx.x % STR_LENGTH]);
}

int main(void)
{
    int num_threads = STR_LENGTH;
    int num_blocks = 1;
    hello<<<num_blocks,num_threads>>>();
    cudaDeviceSynchronize();

    return 0;
}

如果我对printf函数进行注释，则得到如下结果：

1>------ Build started: Project: CUDATest, Configuration: Debug Win32 ------
1>  Compiling CUDA source file CUDATest.cu...
1>  
1>  C:\Users\Rafał\Documents\Visual Studio 2012\Projects\CUDATest\CUDATest>"C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v6.0\bin\nvcc.exe" -gencode=arch=compute_10,code=\"sm_10,compute_10\" --use-local-env --cl-version 2012 -ccbin "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 11.0\VC\bin"  -I"C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v6.0\include" -I"C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v6.0\include"  -G   --keep-dir Debug -maxrregcount=0  --machine 32 --compile -cudart static  -g   -DWIN32 -D_DEBUG -D_CONSOLE -D_UNICODE -DUNICODE -Xcompiler "/EHsc /W3 /nologo /Od /Zi /RTC1 /MDd  " -o Debug\CUDATest.cu.obj "C:\Users\Rafał\Documents\Visual Studio 2012\Projects\CUDATest\CUDATest\CUDATest.cu" 
1>nvcc : warning : The 'compute_10' and 'sm_10' architectures are deprecated, and may be removed in a future release.
1>ptxas : fatal error : Ptx assembly aborted due to errors
1>  CUDATest.cu
1>C:\Program Files\MSBuild\Microsoft.Cpp\v4.0\V110\BuildCustomizations\CUDA 6.0.targets(597,9): error MSB3721: The command ""C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v6.0\bin\nvcc.exe" -gencode=arch=compute_10,code=\"sm_10,compute_10\" --use-local-env --cl-version 2012 -ccbin "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 11.0\VC\bin"  -I"C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v6.0\include" -I"C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v6.0\include"  -G   --keep-dir Debug -maxrregcount=0  --machine 32 --compile -cudart static  -g   -DWIN32 -D_DEBUG -D_CONSOLE -D_UNICODE -DUNICODE -Xcompiler "/EHsc /W3 /nologo /Od /Zi /RTC1 /MDd  " -o Debug\CUDATest.cu.obj "C:\Users\Rafał\Documents\Visual Studio 2012\Projects\CUDATest\CUDATest\CUDATest.cu"" exited with code -1.
========== Build: 0 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ==========

---

我已经成功地运行了这个示例，但是您的GPU需要具有计算能力>=2.0

右键单击项目并选择“属性”

转到CUDA/C++->设备

在“代码生成”中，用“compute_20，sm_20”（为清晰起见，请引用）替换现有的代码

---

编辑（关于因错误而中止的

Ptx程序集）

：如果从

const char*STR

中删除

\uuu设备\uuuuu

限定符，则应编译该限定符。（当您注释掉

printf

函数时）-这就是ptxas错误的原因。

这只是编辑器中的红色下划线，还是实际的编译错误？编译项目时，请提供visual studio的实际错误输出。您如何命名该文件？MSVC可能对

.cpp

和

.cu

比较挑剔。另外，您能解释一下“我将构建配置更改为cuda 6.0”的确切含义吗？它是编辑器中的下划线。错误是“错误1错误C2059：语法错误：'您应该将测试文件从

CUDATest.cpp

重命名为

CUDATest.cu

，以使

nvcc

拦截它。我几分钟前就尝试过了，遗憾的是它没有改变任何东西。我已经编辑了答案。”。现在作者的两个问题都应该解决了，尽管我认为他只是想让程序运行。

1>------ Build started: Project: CUDATest, Configuration: Debug Win32 ------
1>  Compiling CUDA source file CUDATest.cu...
1>  
1>  C:\Users\Rafał\Documents\Visual Studio 2012\Projects\CUDATest\CUDATest>"C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v6.0\bin\nvcc.exe" -gencode=arch=compute_10,code=\"sm_10,compute_10\" --use-local-env --cl-version 2012 -ccbin "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 11.0\VC\bin"  -I"C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v6.0\include" -I"C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v6.0\include"  -G   --keep-dir Debug -maxrregcount=0  --machine 32 --compile -cudart static  -g   -DWIN32 -D_DEBUG -D_CONSOLE -D_UNICODE -DUNICODE -Xcompiler "/EHsc /W3 /nologo /Od /Zi /RTC1 /MDd  " -o Debug\CUDATest.cu.obj "C:\Users\Rafał\Documents\Visual Studio 2012\Projects\CUDATest\CUDATest\CUDATest.cu" 
1>nvcc : warning : The 'compute_10' and 'sm_10' architectures are deprecated, and may be removed in a future release.
1>C:/Users/Rafa│/Documents/Visual Studio 2012/Projects/CUDATest/CUDATest/CUDATest.cu(15): error : calling a __host__ function("printf") from a __global__ function("hello") is not allowed
1>  CUDATest.cu
1>C:\Program Files\MSBuild\Microsoft.Cpp\v4.0\V110\BuildCustomizations\CUDA 6.0.targets(597,9): error MSB3721: The command ""C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v6.0\bin\nvcc.exe" -gencode=arch=compute_10,code=\"sm_10,compute_10\" --use-local-env --cl-version 2012 -ccbin "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 11.0\VC\bin"  -I"C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v6.0\include" -I"C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v6.0\include"  -G   --keep-dir Debug -maxrregcount=0  --machine 32 --compile -cudart static  -g   -DWIN32 -D_DEBUG -D_CONSOLE -D_UNICODE -DUNICODE -Xcompiler "/EHsc /W3 /nologo /Od /Zi /RTC1 /MDd  " -o Debug\CUDATest.cu.obj "C:\Users\Rafał\Documents\Visual Studio 2012\Projects\CUDATest\CUDATest\CUDATest.cu"" exited with code 2.
========== Build: 0 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ==========

1>------ Build started: Project: CUDATest, Configuration: Debug Win32 ------
1>  Compiling CUDA source file CUDATest.cu...
1>  
1>  C:\Users\Rafał\Documents\Visual Studio 2012\Projects\CUDATest\CUDATest>"C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v6.0\bin\nvcc.exe" -gencode=arch=compute_10,code=\"sm_10,compute_10\" --use-local-env --cl-version 2012 -ccbin "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 11.0\VC\bin"  -I"C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v6.0\include" -I"C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v6.0\include"  -G   --keep-dir Debug -maxrregcount=0  --machine 32 --compile -cudart static  -g   -DWIN32 -D_DEBUG -D_CONSOLE -D_UNICODE -DUNICODE -Xcompiler "/EHsc /W3 /nologo /Od /Zi /RTC1 /MDd  " -o Debug\CUDATest.cu.obj "C:\Users\Rafał\Documents\Visual Studio 2012\Projects\CUDATest\CUDATest\CUDATest.cu" 
1>nvcc : warning : The 'compute_10' and 'sm_10' architectures are deprecated, and may be removed in a future release.
1>ptxas : fatal error : Ptx assembly aborted due to errors
1>  CUDATest.cu
1>C:\Program Files\MSBuild\Microsoft.Cpp\v4.0\V110\BuildCustomizations\CUDA 6.0.targets(597,9): error MSB3721: The command ""C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v6.0\bin\nvcc.exe" -gencode=arch=compute_10,code=\"sm_10,compute_10\" --use-local-env --cl-version 2012 -ccbin "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 11.0\VC\bin"  -I"C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v6.0\include" -I"C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v6.0\include"  -G   --keep-dir Debug -maxrregcount=0  --machine 32 --compile -cudart static  -g   -DWIN32 -D_DEBUG -D_CONSOLE -D_UNICODE -DUNICODE -Xcompiler "/EHsc /W3 /nologo /Od /Zi /RTC1 /MDd  " -o Debug\CUDATest.cu.obj "C:\Users\Rafał\Documents\Visual Studio 2012\Projects\CUDATest\CUDATest\CUDATest.cu"" exited with code -1.
========== Build: 0 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ==========