C++ 在Ubuntu 18.04上，我编译的cpp可执行文件找不到VTK7依赖项

在Ubuntu18.04上，即使一切都在Fedora28上运行，可执行文件也找不到vtk依赖项。是否有必要在Ubuntu上重建可执行文件，或者它应该直接工作，如果是，如何使其工作

我很迷路。命令如下

marvin@X1-18:~/Applications/UVLM/release$ uname -a
Linux X1-18 4.15.0-23-generic #25-Ubuntu SMP Wed May 23 18:02:16 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
marvin@X1-18:~/Applications/UVLM/release$ which vtk
marvin@X1-18:~/Applications/UVLM/release$ which vtk7
/usr/bin/vtk7
marvin@X1-18:~/Applications/UVLM/release$ which vtk6
/usr/bin/vtk6
marvin@X1-18:~/Applications/UVLM/release$ sudo apt install vtk7
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
vtk7 is already the newest version (7.1.1+dfsg1-2).
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
marvin@X1-18:~/Applications/UVLM/release$ ldd uvlm
linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffd28927000)
libgomp.so.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgomp.so.1 (0x00007ff03857b000)
libpthread.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007ff03835c000)
libvtkViewsContext2D.so.1 => not found
libvtkIOGeometry.so.1 => not found
libvtkRenderingContextOpenGL2.so.1 => not found
libvtkViewsCore.so.1 => not found
libvtkInteractionWidgets.so.1 => not found
libvtkInteractionStyle.so.1 => not found
libvtkIOLegacy.so.1 => not found
libvtkIOCore.so.1 => not found
libvtkRenderingContext2D.so.1 => not found
libvtkRenderingFreeType.so.1 => not found
libfreetype.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libfreetype.so.6 (0x00007ff0380a8000)
libvtkRenderingOpenGL2.so.1 => not found
libvtkRenderingCore.so.1 => not found
libvtkFiltersSources.so.1 => not found
libvtkFiltersGeneral.so.1 => not found
libvtkFiltersCore.so.1 => not found
libSM.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libSM.so.6 (0x00007ff037ea0000)
libICE.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libICE.so.6 (0x00007ff037c85000)
libX11.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libX11.so.6 (0x00007ff03794c000)
libXext.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXext.so.6 (0x00007ff03773a000)
libXt.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXt.so.6 (0x00007ff0374d1000)
libvtkCommonExecutionModel.so.1 => not found
libvtkCommonDataModel.so.1 => not found
libvtkCommonMisc.so.1 => not found
libvtkCommonTransforms.so.1 => not found
libvtkCommonMath.so.1 => not found
libvtkCommonCore.so.1 => not found
libstdc++.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 (0x00007ff037143000)
libm.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0x00007ff036da5000)
libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00007ff036b8d000)
libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007ff03679c000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0x00007ff036598000)
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007ff0387ab000)
libpng16.so.16 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpng16.so.16 (0x00007ff036366000)
libz.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so.1 (0x00007ff036149000)
libuuid.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libuuid.so.1 (0x00007ff035f42000)
libbsd.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libbsd.so.0 (0x00007ff035d2d000)
libxcb.so.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libxcb.so.1 (0x00007ff035b05000)
librt.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/librt.so.1 (0x00007ff0358fd000)
libXau.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXau.so.6 (0x00007ff0356f9000)
libXdmcp.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXdmcp.so.6 (0x00007ff0354f3000)
marvin@X1-18:~/Applications/UVLM/release$ ./uvlm
./uvlm: error while loading shared libraries: libvtkViewsContext2D.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
marvin@X1-18:~/Applications/UVLM/release$ 

此外，文件夹中还有一个具有正确命名的libs副本，还有已安装的vtk（以及我自己的编译版本）

在一些好的输入之后，这种方法似乎可以通过一行一行地工作。前两个LIB被替换

marvin@X1-18:~/Applications/UVLM/release$ patchelf --replace-needed libvtkViewsContext2D.so.1 libvtkIOGeometry-7.1.so.7.1 uvlm
marvin@X1-18:~/Applications/UVLM/release$ patchelf --replace-needed libvtkIOGeometry.so.1 libvtkIOGeometry-7.1.so.7.1 uvlm
marvin@X1-18:~/Applications/UVLM/release$ ./uvlm ../ParametricDefinition/param_result_workshop_case6.json 
./uvlm: error while loading shared libraries: libvtkRenderingContextOpenGL2.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
marvin@X1-18:~/Applications/UVLM/release$ ldd uvlm
linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffc02d56000)
libgomp.so.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgomp.so.1 (0x00007ff20e96e000)
libpthread.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007ff20e74f000)
libvtkViewsContext2D-7.1.so.7.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkViewsContext2D-7.1.so.7.1 (0x00007ff20e53b000)
libvtkIOGeometry-7.1.so.7.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkIOGeometry-7.1.so.7.1 (0x00007ff20e1f9000)
libvtkRenderingContextOpenGL2.so.1 => not found
libvtkViewsCore.so.1 => not found
libvtkInteractionWidgets.so.1 => not found
libvtkInteractionStyle.so.1 => not found
libvtkIOLegacy.so.1 => not found
libvtkIOCore.so.1 => not found
libvtkRenderingContext2D.so.1 => not found
libvtkRenderingFreeType.so.1 => not found
libfreetype.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libfreetype.so.6 (0x00007ff20df45000)
libvtkRenderingOpenGL2.so.1 => not found
libvtkRenderingCore.so.1 => not found
libvtkFiltersSources.so.1 => not found
libvtkFiltersGeneral.so.1 => not found
libvtkFiltersCore.so.1 => not found
libSM.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libSM.so.6 (0x00007ff20dd3d000)
libICE.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libICE.so.6 (0x00007ff20db22000)
libX11.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libX11.so.6 (0x00007ff20d7e9000)
libXext.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXext.so.6 (0x00007ff20d5d7000)
libXt.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXt.so.6 (0x00007ff20d36e000)
libvtkCommonExecutionModel.so.1 => not found
libvtkCommonDataModel.so.1 => not found
libvtkCommonMisc.so.1 => not found
libvtkCommonTransforms.so.1 => not found
libvtkCommonMath.so.1 => not found
libvtkCommonCore.so.1 => not found
libstdc++.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 (0x00007ff20cfe0000)
libm.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0x00007ff20cc42000)
libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00007ff20ca2a000)
libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007ff20c639000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0x00007ff20c435000)
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007ff20eb9e000)
libvtkViewsCore-7.1.so.7.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkViewsCore-7.1.so.7.1 (0x00007ff20c206000)
libvtkRenderingContext2D-7.1.so.7.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkRenderingContext2D-7.1.so.7.1 (0x00007ff20bfc0000)
libvtkRenderingCore-7.1.so.7.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkRenderingCore-7.1.so.7.1 (0x00007ff20bae4000)
libvtkCommonCore-7.1.so.7.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkCommonCore-7.1.so.7.1 (0x00007ff20b5b2000)
libz.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so.1 (0x00007ff20b395000)
libvtkIOCore-7.1.so.7.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkIOCore-7.1.so.7.1 (0x00007ff20b120000)
libvtkCommonExecutionModel-7.1.so.7.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkCommonExecutionModel-7.1.so.7.1 (0x00007ff20ae63000)
libvtkCommonDataModel-7.1.so.7.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkCommonDataModel-7.1.so.7.1 (0x00007ff20a8b6000)
libvtkCommonTransforms-7.1.so.7.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkCommonTransforms-7.1.so.7.1 (0x00007ff20a686000)
libvtkCommonSystem-7.1.so.7.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkCommonSystem-7.1.so.7.1 (0x00007ff20a471000)
libvtksys-7.1.so.7.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtksys-7.1.so.7.1 (0x00007ff20a22b000)
libpng16.so.16 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpng16.so.16 (0x00007ff209ff9000)
libuuid.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libuuid.so.1 (0x00007ff209df2000)
libbsd.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libbsd.so.0 (0x00007ff209bdd000)
libxcb.so.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libxcb.so.1 (0x00007ff2099b5000)
libvtkFiltersGeneral-7.1.so.7.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkFiltersGeneral-7.1.so.7.1 (0x00007ff209492000)
libvtkRenderingFreeType-7.1.so.7.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkRenderingFreeType-7.1.so.7.1 (0x00007ff2091d9000)
libvtkCommonColor-7.1.so.7.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkCommonColor-7.1.so.7.1 (0x00007ff208fbe000)
libvtkFiltersGeometry-7.1.so.7.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkFiltersGeometry-7.1.so.7.1 (0x00007ff208d20000)
libvtkFiltersSources-7.1.so.7.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkFiltersSources-7.1.so.7.1 (0x00007ff208a49000)
libvtkFiltersCore-7.1.so.7.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkFiltersCore-7.1.so.7.1 (0x00007ff20838b000)
libvtkCommonComputationalGeometry-7.1.so.7.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkCommonComputationalGeometry-7.1.so.7.1 (0x00007ff20813d000)
libvtkCommonMath-7.1.so.7.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkCommonMath-7.1.so.7.1 (0x00007ff207f19000)
libvtkCommonMisc-7.1.so.7.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkCommonMisc-7.1.so.7.1 (0x00007ff207cff000)
librt.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/librt.so.1 (0x00007ff207af7000)
libXau.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXau.so.6 (0x00007ff2078f3000)
libXdmcp.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXdmcp.so.6 (0x00007ff2076ed000)

---

在

libvtk7.1

中有

libvtkViewsContext2D-7.1.so.7.1

。如果问题仅在于库名称，则更改可执行文件的依赖项：

$ patchelf --replace-needed libvtkViewsContext2D.so.1 libvtkViewsContext2D-7.1.so.7.1 uvlm

$ patchelf --set-rpath /path/to/libs uvlm

或编辑可执行文件的搜索路径：

$ patchelf --replace-needed libvtkViewsContext2D.so.1 libvtkViewsContext2D-7.1.so.7.1 uvlm

$ patchelf --set-rpath /path/to/libs uvlm

或在启动期间覆盖搜索路径：

$ LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/path/to/libs uvlm

---

例如，

find/usr-name'libvtkViewsCore.so*

打印出什么？我不熟悉vtk的.deb包，只是试图缩小输入的问题范围.Thx。我已将输出添加到控制台。您希望您的可执行文件链接到文件夹

release

中以

结尾的共享库。因此.1

？如果是这样的话，为什么要首先安装系统范围的软件包呢。如果将可执行文件链接到我的系统范围的共享库，那就太好了。但是，在系统上执行可执行文件的程序员在本地拥有共享库。我试图通过将正确命名的库文件复制到文件夹中来模仿这种行为。然而，这失败了。是什么阻碍了您自己在系统上编译可执行文件呢？这将是我的第一次尝试。非常感谢你们的投入。所以第二个和第三个似乎不起作用，但第一个起作用。我得一个接一个地做。我把结果加在上面