C# Azure中ExecuteSqlCommand的事务

C# Azure中ExecuteSqlCommand的事务,c#,entity-framework,azure,azure-sql-database,C#,Entity Framework,Azure,Azure Sql Database,我正在使用EF6和Azure Sql数据库。根据Microsoft的说法,不支持用户发起的事务。参考: 现在,在EF 6中,默认情况下ExecuteSqlCommand包装在事务中: 默认情况下,从EF6 Database.EXECUTESQLCOMAND开始,如果事务中还没有命令,则会将该命令包装到事务中。参考: 考虑到我的场景,我是否应该始终抑制ExecuteSqlCommand事务性行为,如下所示: context.Database.ExecuteSqlCommand(Transactio

我正在使用EF6和Azure Sql数据库。根据Microsoft的说法,不支持用户发起的事务。参考:

现在,在EF 6中,默认情况下ExecuteSqlCommand包装在事务中:

默认情况下,从EF6 Database.EXECUTESQLCOMAND开始,如果事务中还没有命令,则会将该命令包装到事务中。参考:

考虑到我的场景,我是否应该始终抑制ExecuteSqlCommand事务性行为,如下所示:

context.Database.ExecuteSqlCommand(TransactionalBehavior.DoNotEnsureTransaction, @"TRUNCATE TABLE Person;");

您所指的此语句仅适用于重试策略:

当您配置了导致重试的执行策略时


您链接到的文章不是特定于Azure的。Azure SQL数据库支持事务。

是否要使用TransactionalBehavior.DoNotEnsureTransaction取决于您是否希望在命令范围内存在事务。这仅与我所知的批处理中有多个T-SQL语句有关

换句话说,如果您的执行策略有重试,并且希望在一个事务中执行多个语句,那么它们必须全部在一个批中,如下所示

为了使事务跨越多个批处理,必须使用db.Database.BeginTransaction创建事务。正是这种显式的BeginTransaction解释了不允许与重试结合使用。无论重试策略如何,都允许TransactionalBehavior.EnsureRetransaction创建的事务,因为它完全由EF管理

// INSERT is rolled back due to error
context.Database.ExecuteSqlCommand(
    TransactionalBehavior.EnsureTransaction,
    @"INSERT INTO MyTable (i) VALUES (1)
    RAISERROR('This exception was intentionally thrown', 16, 1)");

// INSERT is committed
context.Database.ExecuteSqlCommand(
    TransactionalBehavior.DoNotEnsureTransaction,
    @"INSERT INTO MyTable (i) VALUES (1)
    RAISERROR('This exception was intentionally thrown', 16, 1)");
测试程序如下

    private static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        //c:>sqlcmd -E
        //1> create database EFTransaction
        //2> go
        //1> use EFTransaction
        //2> go
        //Changed database context to 'EFTransaction'.
        //1> create table MyTable (i int primary key)
        //2> go
        const string connectionString = "Server=(local);Database=EFTransaction;Integrated Security=SSPI";

        using (DbContext context = new DbContext(connectionString))
        {
            context.Database.ExecuteSqlCommand(
                TransactionalBehavior.DoNotEnsureTransaction,
                @"IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.tables where name = 'MyTable')
                    DROP TABLE [dbo].[MyTable]
                CREATE TABLE MyTable (i INT PRIMARY KEY)");
        }

        Console.WriteLine("Insert one row."); 
        using (DbContext context = new DbContext(connectionString))
        {
            context.Database.ExecuteSqlCommand(
                TransactionalBehavior.EnsureTransaction,
                @"INSERT INTO MyTable (i) VALUES (0)");
            // Notice that there is no explicit COMMIT command required.
        }

        // Sanity check in a different connection that the row really was committed
        using (DbContext context = new DbContext(connectionString))
        {
            int rows = context.Database.SqlQuery<int>(
                "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM MyTable").Single();
            Console.WriteLine("Rows: {0}", rows); // Rows: 1
        }

        Console.WriteLine();
        Console.WriteLine("Insert one row and then throw an error, all within a transaction.");
        Console.WriteLine("The error should cause the insert to be rolled back, so there should be no new rows");
        using (DbContext context = new DbContext(connectionString))
        {
            try
            {
                context.Database.ExecuteSqlCommand(
                    TransactionalBehavior.EnsureTransaction,
                    @"INSERT INTO MyTable (i) VALUES (1)
                    RAISERROR('This exception was intentionally thrown', 16, 1)");
            }
            catch (SqlException e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
            }

            int rows = context.Database.SqlQuery<int>(
                "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM MyTable").Single();
            Console.WriteLine("Rows: {0}", rows); // Rows: 1
        }

        Console.WriteLine();
        Console.WriteLine("Insert one row and then throw an error, all within a transaction.");
        Console.WriteLine("The error will not cause the insert to be rolled back, so there should be 1 new row");
        using (DbContext context = new DbContext(connectionString))
        {
            try
            {
                context.Database.ExecuteSqlCommand(
                    TransactionalBehavior.DoNotEnsureTransaction,
                    @"INSERT INTO MyTable (i) VALUES (1)
                    RAISERROR('This exception was intentionally thrown', 16, 1)");
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
            }

            int rows = context.Database.SqlQuery<int>(
                "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM MyTable").Single();
            Console.WriteLine("Rows: {0}", rows); // Rows: 2
        }
    }

也许我有误解,但在使用Azure SQL数据库时,是否不建议使用重试执行策略?因此,如果我确实使用了这样的策略,是否有人担心ExecuteSqlCommand的默认行为,或者我只是有点偏执和误读?重试必须在事务级别进行。出于这个原因,我认为EF的重试支持毫无意义。EF无法重试事务,它可以重试单个查询或SaveChanges调用。重试的级别不正确。如果让EF控制事务,则每次查询/保存将使用一个tran。重试策略支持这一点。但我建议您使用适当的事务,并使用简单的助手方法重试。;EF可以围绕自己的代码进行重试循环。但是它不能在代码周围包装一个重试循环。因此,可以重试对EF的任何单个调用,但不能重试多个调用。