C# 无法使用Unity将依赖项注入ASP.NET Web API控制器
是否有人成功地使用IoC容器将依赖项注入ASP.NET WebAPI控制器?我似乎无法让它工作 这就是我现在正在做的 在myC# 无法使用Unity将依赖项注入ASP.NET Web API控制器,c#,.net,asp.net-web-api,unity-container,C#,.net,Asp.net Web Api,Unity Container,是否有人成功地使用IoC容器将依赖项注入ASP.NET WebAPI控制器?我似乎无法让它工作 这就是我现在正在做的 在myglobal.ascx.cs中: public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes) { // code intentionally omitted } protected void Application_Start() {
global.ascx.cs
中:
public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes)
{
// code intentionally omitted
}
protected void Application_Start()
{
AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);
RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
IUnityContainer container = BuildUnityContainer();
System.Web.Http.GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.ServiceResolver.SetResolver(
t =>
{
try
{
return container.Resolve(t);
}
catch (ResolutionFailedException)
{
return null;
}
},
t =>
{
try
{
return container.ResolveAll(t);
}
catch (ResolutionFailedException)
{
return new System.Collections.Generic.List<object>();
}
});
System.Web.Mvc.ControllerBuilder.Current.SetControllerFactory(new UnityControllerFactory(container));
BundleTable.Bundles.RegisterTemplateBundles();
}
private static IUnityContainer BuildUnityContainer()
{
var container = new UnityContainer().LoadConfiguration();
return container;
}
它似乎从未在我的unity文件中查找以解决依赖关系,我得到了如下错误:
尝试创建类型为的控制器时出错
'PersonalShopper.Services.WebApi.Controller.ShoppingListController'。
确保控制器具有无参数公共构造函数
在
System.Web.Http.Dispatcher.DefaultHttpControllerActivator.Create(HttpControllerContext
controllerContext,类型controllerType)
位于System.Web.Http.Dispatcher.DefaultHttpControllerFactory.CreateInstance(HttpControllerContext
controllerContext,HttpControllerDescriptor(控制器描述器)
位于System.Web.Http.Dispatcher.DefaultHttpControllerFactory.CreateController(HttpControllerContext
controllerContext,字符串controllerName)
位于System.Web.Http.Dispatcher.HttpControllerDispatcher.SendAsyncInternal(HttpRequestMessage
请求,取消令牌(取消令牌)
位于System.Web.Http.Dispatcher.HttpControllerDispatcher.SendAsync(HttpRequestMessage
请求,取消令牌(取消令牌)
控制器看起来像:
public class ShoppingListController : System.Web.Http.ApiController
{
private Repositories.IProductListRepository _ProductListRepository;
public ShoppingListController(Repositories.IUserRepository userRepository,
Repositories.IProductListRepository productListRepository)
{
_ProductListRepository = productListRepository;
}
}
<unity xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/practices/2010/unity">
<container>
<register type="PersonalShopper.Repositories.IProductListRepository, PersonalShopper.Repositories" mapTo="PersonalShopper.Implementations.MongoRepositories.ProductListRepository, PersonalShopper.Implementations" />
</container>
</unity>
我的unity文件如下所示:
public class ShoppingListController : System.Web.Http.ApiController
{
private Repositories.IProductListRepository _ProductListRepository;
public ShoppingListController(Repositories.IUserRepository userRepository,
Repositories.IProductListRepository productListRepository)
{
_ProductListRepository = productListRepository;
}
}
<unity xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/practices/2010/unity">
<container>
<register type="PersonalShopper.Repositories.IProductListRepository, PersonalShopper.Repositories" mapTo="PersonalShopper.Implementations.MongoRepositories.ProductListRepository, PersonalShopper.Implementations" />
</container>
</unity>
请注意,我没有控制器本身的注册,因为在以前的mvc版本中,控制器工厂会发现需要解决依赖关系
似乎从未调用过我的控制器工厂。我遇到了相同的异常被抛出,在我的例子中,MVC3和MVC4二进制文件之间存在冲突。这使我的控制器无法在IOC容器中正确注册。检查您的web.config,确保它指向正确的MVC版本。找到了它 对于ApiControllers,MVC4使用System.Web.Http.Dispatcher.IHttpControllerFactory和System.Web.Http.Dispatcher.IHttpControllerActivator来创建控制器。如果没有静态方法来注册这些方法的实现;当它们被解析时,mvc框架在依赖项解析器中查找实现,如果没有找到,则使用默认实现 通过执行以下操作,我获得了控制器依赖项的统一解析: 创建了UnityHttpController激活器:
public class UnityHttpControllerActivator : IHttpControllerActivator
{
private IUnityContainer _container;
public UnityHttpControllerActivator(IUnityContainer container)
{
_container = container;
}
public IHttpController Create(HttpControllerContext controllerContext, Type controllerType)
{
return (IHttpController)_container.Resolve(controllerType);
}
}
将该控制器激活器注册为unity容器本身中的实现:
protected void Application_Start()
{
// code intentionally omitted
IUnityContainer container = BuildUnityContainer();
container.RegisterInstance<IHttpControllerActivator>(new UnityHttpControllerActivator(container));
ServiceResolver.SetResolver(t =>
{
// rest of code is the same as in question above, and is omitted.
});
}
受保护的无效应用程序\u Start()
{
//故意省略的代码
IUnityContainer容器=BuildUnityContainer();
container.RegisterInstance(新的UnityHttpController激活器(container));
ServiceResolver.SetResolver(t=>
{
//代码的其余部分与上面讨论的相同,并被省略。
});
}
您可能想看看Unity.WebApi NuGet包,它将解决所有这些问题,同时还支持IDisposable组件
看
或
这里有一个更好的解决方案可以正常工作
在最近的一次RC中,我发现不再有SetResolver方法。为了同时启用控制器和webapi的IoC,我使用Unity.webapi(NuGet)和以下代码:
public static class Bootstrapper
{
public static void Initialise()
{
var container = BuildUnityContainer();
GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.DependencyResolver = new Unity.WebApi.UnityDependencyResolver(container);
ControllerBuilder.Current.SetControllerFactory(new DefaultControllerFactory(new ControllerActivator()));
}
private static IUnityContainer BuildUnityContainer()
{
var container = new UnityContainer();
container.Configure(c => c.Scan(scan =>
{
scan.AssembliesInBaseDirectory();
scan.With<UnityConfiguration.FirstInterfaceConvention>().IgnoreInterfacesOnBaseTypes();
}));
return container;
}
}
public class ControllerActivator : IControllerActivator
{
IController IControllerActivator.Create(RequestContext requestContext, Type controllerType)
{
return GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.DependencyResolver.GetService(controllerType) as IController;
}
}
公共静态类引导程序
{
公共静态无效初始化()
{
var container=BuildUnityContainer();
GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.DependencyResolver=新的Unity.WebApi.UnityDependencyResolver(容器);
ControllerBuilder.Current.SetControllerFactory(新的DefaultControllerFactory(新的ControllerActivator());
}
私有静态IUnityContainer BuildUnityContainer()
{
var container=new UnityContainer();
container.Configure(c=>c.Scan(Scan=>
{
scan.AssembliesInBaseDirectory();
scan.With().IgnoreInterfacesOnBaseTypes();
}));
返回容器;
}
}
公共类控制器激活器:IControllerActivator
{
IController IControllerActivator.Create(RequestContext RequestContext,类型controllerType)
{
返回GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.DependencyResolver.GetService(controllerType)作为IController;
}
}
我还使用UnityConfiguration(同样来自NuGet)来实现IoC魔术 在阅读了答案之后,我仍然需要做大量的挖掘工作才能在这里登陆,所以这里是为了同行的利益: 这就是在ASP.NET 4 Web API RC中需要做的全部工作(截至2013年8月8日):
注意:我是从其作者在博客中的一条评论中获得此信息的。我在使用Unity.WebAPI NuGet包时遇到了同样的问题。问题是该包从未在my Global.asax中添加对
UnityConfig.RegisterComponents()的调用
Global.asax.cs应如下所示:
public class WebApiApplication : System.Web.HttpApplication
{
protected void Application_Start()
{
UnityConfig.RegisterComponents();
...
}
}
发生此问题的原因是向Unity注册控制器。我通过按约定注册解决了这个问题,如下所示。请根据需要过滤掉任何其他类型
IUnityContainer container = new UnityContainer();
// Do not register ApiControllers with Unity.
List<Type> typesOtherThanApiControllers
= AllClasses.FromLoadedAssemblies()
.Where(type => (null != type.BaseType)
&& (type.BaseType != typeof (ApiController))).ToList();
container.RegisterTypes(
typesOtherThanApiControllers,
WithMappings.FromMatchingInterface,
WithName.Default,
WithLifetime.ContainerControlled);
IUnityContainer container=newunitycontainer();
//不要向Unity注册APIController。
using Microsoft.Practices.Unity;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Web.Http.Dependencies;
public class UnityResolver : IDependencyResolver
{
protected IUnityContainer container;
public UnityResolver(IUnityContainer container)
{
if (container == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("container");
}
this.container = container;
}
public object GetService(Type serviceType)
{
try
{
return container.Resolve(serviceType);
}
catch (ResolutionFailedException)
{
return null;
}
}
public IEnumerable<object> GetServices(Type serviceType)
{
try
{
return container.ResolveAll(serviceType);
}
catch (ResolutionFailedException)
{
return new List<object>();
}
}
public IDependencyScope BeginScope()
{
var child = container.CreateChildContainer();
return new UnityResolver(child);
}
public void Dispose()
{
Dispose(true);
}
protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
container.Dispose();
}
}
public static class UnityConfig
{
public static void ConfigureUnity(HttpConfiguration config)
{
var container = new UnityContainer();
container.RegisterType<ISomethingRepository, SomethingRepository>();
config.DependencyResolver = new UnityResolver(container);
}
}
public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config)
{
UnityConfig.ConfigureUnity(config);
...