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C# 当我更改多维数组的值时,另一个数组相同位置的值也会更改。为什么?_C#_Arrays_Multidimensional Array_Conways Game Of Life - Fatal编程技术网

C# 当我更改多维数组的值时,另一个数组相同位置的值也会更改。为什么?

C# 当我更改多维数组的值时,另一个数组相同位置的值也会更改。为什么?,c#,arrays,multidimensional-array,conways-game-of-life,C#,Arrays,Multidimensional Array,Conways Game Of Life,我花了很多时间才弄明白这一点 我有两个多维数组: int[,] OldGeneration = new int[WidthX + 1, HeightY + 1]; int[,] NextGeneration = new int[WidthX + 1, HeightY + 1]; 稍后在我的代码中,在“NextGeneration”中设置了一些值之后,我使数组包含相同的值 OldGeneration = NextGeneration; 当我在运行程序时检查这些值时,它就正常工作了 稍低一点,然

我花了很多时间才弄明白这一点

我有两个多维数组:

int[,] OldGeneration = new int[WidthX + 1, HeightY + 1];
int[,] NextGeneration = new int[WidthX + 1, HeightY + 1];
稍后在我的代码中,在“NextGeneration”中设置了一些值之后,我使数组包含相同的值

OldGeneration = NextGeneration;
当我在运行程序时检查这些值时,它就正常工作了

稍低一点,然后我更改“NextGeneration”的一个值,当我这样做时,“OldGeneration”中的相同值也将更改

你能告诉我为什么吗

using System;

namespace CGoL
{
    class CGoL_Base
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            //Declare and define (initialize) Variables used by the Program
            int WidthX = 5, HeightY = 5, Iterations = 5, Speed = 1000, Random = 0, CellsAlive = 0;

            //Declare Multidimensional Arrays for actual generation and next generation
            int[,] OldGeneration = new int[WidthX + 1, HeightY + 1];
            int[,] NextGeneration = new int[WidthX + 1, HeightY + 1];


            //###########   Initialize "Game Board"   ##########################

            //Set Game Board to contain only dead cells
            for (int y = 1; y <= HeightY; y++)
            {
                for (int x = 1; x <= WidthX; x++)
                {
                    NextGeneration[x, y] = 0;
                }
            }

            //Set pattern for oscillating (moving) structure with 3 living cells (Can be changed at will)
            NextGeneration[3, 2] = 1;
            NextGeneration[3, 3] = 1;
            NextGeneration[3, 4] = 1;

            //Set OldGeneration equal with NextGeneration so that the calculation can work
            OldGeneration = NextGeneration;

            //##################################################################

            //Start the iterationcounter
            for (int Iteration = 1; Iteration <= Iterations; Iteration++)
            {
                //###########   Calculate actual generation   ######################
                //Calculate how the Game Board will change with the usual CGoL rules

                if (Iteration >= 2) //Without this, the initialization above will not work
                {
                    for (int y = 1; y <= HeightY; y++)
                    {
                        for (int x = 1; x <= WidthX; x++)
                        {
                            //###########   Check surrounding Cells   ##########################
                            //Check how much cells, surrounding the actual cell, are still alive
                            //to calculate later how the Game Board will change

                            CellsAlive = 0;

                            for (int i = -1; i <= 1; i++)
                            {
                                for (int n = -1; n <= 1; n++)
                                {

                                    if (i == 0 && n == 0)
                                    {
                                        continue;
                                    }

                                    //Check if some Array Index will be out of Array Range (for example when index is smaller than 0)
                                    if (x + n == 0 || x + n > WidthX || y + i == 0 || y + i > HeightY)
                                    {
                                        continue;
                                    }
                                    if (OldGeneration[(x + n), (y + i)] == 1)
                                    {
                                        CellsAlive++;
                                    }
                                }
                            }

                            //##################################################################

                            //If a dead cell got 3 living neighbours, the cell will become alive in the next generation
                            if (OldGeneration[x, y] == 0 && CellsAlive == 3)
                            {
                                NextGeneration[x, y] = 1;
                            }
                            //If a living cell got less than 2 living neighbours, the cell will die in the next generation
                            else if (OldGeneration[x, y] == 1 && CellsAlive < 2)
                            {
                                NextGeneration[x, y] = 0; //OldGeneration[x, y] will be changed to 0 even if it is not written here????? why?
                            }
                            //If a living cell got 2 or 3 living neighbours, the cell will stay alive in the next generation
                            else if (OldGeneration[x, y] == 1 && (CellsAlive == 2 || CellsAlive == 3))
                            {
                                NextGeneration[x, y] = 1;
                            }
                            //If a living cell got more than 3 living neighbours, the cell will die in the next generation
                            else if (OldGeneration[x, y] == 1 && CellsAlive > 3)
                            {
                                NextGeneration[x, y] = 0;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    Console.ReadKey();
                }

                //##################################################################

                //###########   Draw the "Game Board"   ############################

                //Makes the console window Empty :)

                Console.Clear();

                //"for" is making new rows with Console.Write("\n");
                for (int y = 1; y <= HeightY; y++)
                {
                    //"for" is writing "O"'s in one row
                    for (int x = 1; x <= WidthX; x++)
                    {
                        if (NextGeneration[x, y] == 1)
                        {
                            Console.Write("O ");
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            Console.Write("  ");
                        }
                    }
                    Console.Write("\n");
                }

                Console.WriteLine("Iteration: {0}", Iteration);

                System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(Speed);

                //At the end, make the actual generation same like the old generation to be calculated next
                OldGeneration = NextGeneration;

                //##################################################################
            }

            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }
}
使用系统;
命名空间CGoL
{
类CGoL_基
{
静态void Main(字符串[]参数)
{
//声明并定义(初始化)程序使用的变量
int WidthX=5,HeightY=5,Iterations=5,Speed=1000,Random=0,CellsAlive=0;
//为实际生成和下一代声明多维数组
整数[,]OldGeneration=新整数[WidthX+1,HeightY+1];
int[,]NextGeneration=newint[WidthX+1,HeightY+1];
//###########初始化“游戏板”##########################
//将游戏板设置为仅包含死区
对于(int y=1;y当您声明:

OldGeneration = NextGeneration;
您正在将NextGeneration的引用指定给OldGeneration,因此您对其中一个所做的任何更改都会反映到另一个,这是正常的


如果要创建不相交的副本,应该使用数组。copy
()

这一行就是问题所在:
OldGeneration=NextGeneration;


在这一行之前有两个对象(两个数组),在这一行之后有一个对象,两个变量都可以查看。您必须在双循环中复制内容,而不是上面的那一行。

这是因为您没有使数组包含相同的值,所以您将一个数组的引用替换为对另一个数组的引用

从那时起,两个变量引用同一个数组。当您使用一个变量更改数组时,当您使用另一个变量查看数组时,该更改将可见,因为它是同一个数组

如果要将数据从一个阵列复制到另一个阵列,可以使用:

使用此行:

OldGeneration = NextGeneration;
使
OldGeneration
变量引用与
NextGeneration
变量相同的内存

您可以改为复制阵列:

Array.Copy(NextGeneration, OldGeneration, NextGeneration.Length);

非常感谢。这对我来说很有效。通常我在Perl中使用哈希,在那里它可以使它们“相同”。谢谢。这不起作用。它告诉我它只适用于一维数组。
Array.Copy(NextGeneration, OldGeneration, NextGeneration.Length);