cudaStream奇怪的表演

cudaStream奇怪的表演,cuda,Cuda,我尝试用cudaStream开发一个sobel示例。节目如下: void SobelStream(void) { cv::Mat imageGrayL2 = cv::imread("/home/xavier/Bureau/Image1.png",0); u_int8_t *u8_PtImageHost; u_int8_t *u8_PtImageDevice; u_int8_t *u8_ptDataOutHost; u_int8_t *u8_ptDa

我尝试用cudaStream开发一个sobel示例。节目如下:

void SobelStream(void)
{

    cv::Mat imageGrayL2 = cv::imread("/home/xavier/Bureau/Image1.png",0);


    u_int8_t *u8_PtImageHost;
    u_int8_t *u8_PtImageDevice;

    u_int8_t *u8_ptDataOutHost;
    u_int8_t *u8_ptDataOutDevice;

    u_int8_t u8_Used[NB_STREAM];

    u8_ptDataOutHost = (u_int8_t *)malloc(WIDTH*HEIGHT*sizeof(u_int8_t));
    checkCudaErrors(cudaMalloc((void**)&u8_ptDataOutDevice,WIDTH*HEIGHT*sizeof(u_int8_t)));

    u8_PtImageHost = (u_int8_t *)malloc(WIDTH*HEIGHT*sizeof(u_int8_t));
    checkCudaErrors(cudaMalloc((void**)&u8_PtImageDevice,WIDTH*HEIGHT*sizeof(u_int8_t)));


    cudaChannelFormatDesc channelDesc = cudaCreateChannelDesc<unsigned char>();
    checkCudaErrors(cudaMallocArray(&Array_PatchsMaxDevice, &channelDesc,WIDTH,HEIGHT ));
    checkCudaErrors(cudaBindTextureToArray(Image,Array_PatchsMaxDevice));


    dim3 threads(BLOC_X,BLOC_Y);
    dim3 blocks(ceil((float)WIDTH/BLOC_X),ceil((float)HEIGHT/BLOC_Y));

    ClearKernel<<<blocks,threads>>>(u8_ptDataOutDevice,WIDTH,HEIGHT);


    int blockh = HEIGHT/NB_STREAM;


    Stream = (cudaStream_t *) malloc(NB_STREAM * sizeof(cudaStream_t));

    for (int i = 0; i < NB_STREAM; i++)
    {
        checkCudaErrors(cudaStreamCreate(&(Stream[i])));
    }

//    for(int i=0;i<NB_STREAM;i++)
//    {
//        cudaSetDevice(0);
//        cudaStreamCreate(&Stream[i]);
//    }


    cudaEvent_t Start;
    cudaEvent_t Stop;
    cudaEventCreate(&Start);
    cudaEventCreate(&Stop);

    cudaEventRecord(Start, 0);


    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    for(int i=0;i<NB_STREAM;i++)
    {
        if(i == 0)
        {
            int localHeight  = blockh;
            checkCudaErrors(cudaMemcpy2DToArrayAsync( Array_PatchsMaxDevice,
                                                      0,
                                                      0,
                                                      imageGrayL2.data,//u8_PtImageDevice,
                                                      WIDTH,
                                                      WIDTH,
                                                      blockh,
                                                      cudaMemcpyHostToDevice  ,
                                                      Stream[i]));

            dim3 threads(BLOC_X,BLOC_Y);
            dim3 blocks(ceil((float)WIDTH/BLOC_X),ceil((float)localHeight/BLOC_Y));
            SobelKernel<<<blocks,threads,0,Stream[i]>>>(u8_ptDataOutDevice,0,WIDTH,localHeight-1);
            checkCudaErrors(cudaGetLastError());

            u8_Used[i] = 1;

        }else{


            int ioffsetImage =  WIDTH*(HEIGHT/NB_STREAM  );
            int hoffset = HEIGHT/NB_STREAM *i;
            int hoffsetkernel = HEIGHT/NB_STREAM -1 + HEIGHT/NB_STREAM* (i-1);
            int localHeight  = min(HEIGHT - (blockh*i),blockh);

            //printf("hoffset: %d hoffsetkernel %d localHeight %d rest %d ioffsetImage %d \n",hoffset,hoffsetkernel,localHeight,HEIGHT - (blockh +1 +blockh*(i-1)),ioffsetImage*i/WIDTH);

            checkCudaErrors(cudaMemcpy2DToArrayAsync( Array_PatchsMaxDevice,
                                                      0,
                                                      hoffset,
                                                      &imageGrayL2.data[ioffsetImage*i],//&u8_PtImageDevice[ioffset*i],
                            WIDTH,
                            WIDTH,
                            localHeight,
                            cudaMemcpyHostToDevice  ,
                            Stream[i]));


            u8_Used[i] = 1;
            if(HEIGHT - (blockh +1 +blockh*(i-1))<=0)
            {
                break;
            }
        }
    }



    ///////////////////////////////////////////
    for(int i=0;i<NB_STREAM;i++)
    {
        if(i == 0)
        {
            int localHeight  = blockh;


            dim3 threads(BLOC_X,BLOC_Y);
            dim3 blocks(1,1);
            SobelKernel<<<blocks,threads,0,Stream[i]>>>(u8_ptDataOutDevice,0,WIDTH,localHeight-1);
            checkCudaErrors(cudaGetLastError());

            u8_Used[i] = 1;

        }else{


            int ioffsetImage =  WIDTH*(HEIGHT/NB_STREAM  );
            int hoffset = HEIGHT/NB_STREAM *i;
            int hoffsetkernel = HEIGHT/NB_STREAM -1 + HEIGHT/NB_STREAM* (i-1);
            int localHeight  = min(HEIGHT - (blockh*i),blockh);


            dim3 threads(BLOC_X,BLOC_Y);
            dim3 blocks(1,1);

            SobelKernel<<<blocks,threads,0,Stream[i]>>>(u8_ptDataOutDevice,hoffsetkernel,WIDTH,localHeight);
            checkCudaErrors(cudaGetLastError());

            u8_Used[i] = 1;
            if(HEIGHT - (blockh +1 +blockh*(i-1))<=0)
            {
                break;
            }
        }
    }


    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    for(int i=0;i<NB_STREAM;i++)
    {
        if(i == 0)
        {
            int localHeight  = blockh;
            checkCudaErrors(cudaMemcpyAsync(u8_ptDataOutHost,u8_ptDataOutDevice,WIDTH*(localHeight-1)*sizeof(u_int8_t),cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost,Stream[i]));
            u8_Used[i] = 1;

        }else{

            int ioffsetImage =  WIDTH*(HEIGHT/NB_STREAM  );
            int hoffset = HEIGHT/NB_STREAM *i;
            int hoffsetkernel = HEIGHT/NB_STREAM -1 + HEIGHT/NB_STREAM* (i-1);
            int localHeight  = min(HEIGHT - (blockh*i),blockh);

            checkCudaErrors(cudaMemcpyAsync(&u8_ptDataOutHost[hoffsetkernel*WIDTH],&u8_ptDataOutDevice[hoffsetkernel*WIDTH],WIDTH*localHeight*sizeof(u_int8_t),cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost,Stream[i]));

            u8_Used[i] = 1;
            if(HEIGHT - (blockh +1 +blockh*(i-1))<=0)
            {
                break;
            }
        }
    }


    for(int i=0;i<NB_STREAM;i++)
    {
        cudaStreamSynchronize(Stream[i]);
    }

    cudaEventRecord(Stop, 0);

    cudaEventSynchronize(Start);
    cudaEventSynchronize(Stop);


    float dt_ms;
    cudaEventElapsedTime(&dt_ms, Start, Stop);

    printf("dt_ms %f \n",dt_ms);

}
void Sobestream(void)
{
cv::Mat imageGrayL2=cv::imread(“/home/xavier/Bureau/Image1.png”,0);
u_int8_t*u8_PtImageHost;
u_int8_t*u8_图像设备;
u_int8_t*u8_ptDataOutHost;
u_int8_t*u8_ptDataOutDevice;
u_int8_t u8_使用的[NB_流];
u8_ptDataOutHost=(u_int8_t*)malloc(宽度*高度*尺寸(u_int8_t));
检查CUDAERRORS(cudaMalloc((void**)和u8_ptDataOutDevice,宽度*高度*大小(u_int8_t));
u8_PtImageHost=(u_int8_t*)malloc(宽度*高度*尺寸(u_int8_t));
检查CUDAERRORS(cudaMalloc((void**)和u8图像设备,宽度*高度*尺寸(u_int8_t));
cudaChannelFormatDesc channelDesc=cudaCreateChannelDesc();
检查CUDAERRORS(cudaMallocArray(&Array_PatchsMaxDevice,&channelDesc,WIDTH,HEIGHT));
检查CUDAERRORS(cudaBindTextureToArray(图像,数组_PatchsMaxDevice));
dim3螺纹(块状X,块状Y);
dim3块(天花板((浮动)宽度/BLOC_X)、天花板((浮动)高度/BLOC_Y));
ClearKernel(U8ptDataOutDevice、宽度、高度);
int blockh=高度/NB_流;
Stream=(cudaStream_t*)malloc(NB_Stream*sizeof(cudaStream_t));
对于(int i=0;i//对于(inti=0;i首先,在将来,请提供完整的代码。我还将处理您的交叉发布,以填写一些详细信息,例如内核大小

您有两个问题需要解决:

首先,任何时候如果你想使用
cudaMemcpyAsync
,你都很可能希望使用固定主机分配。如果你使用的是通过
malloc
创建的分配,就异步并发执行而言,你将无法从
cudaMemcpyAsync
中获得预期的行为。这种必要性是c吃得过饱:

如果复制涉及主机内存,则必须对其进行页锁定

因此,对代码所做的第一个更改是转换以下内容:

u8_PtImageHost   = (u_int8_t *)malloc(WIDTH*HEIGHT*sizeof(u_int8_t));
u8_ptDataOutHost = (u_int8_t *)malloc(WIDTH*HEIGHT*sizeof(u_int8_t));
为此:

checkCudaErrors(cudaHostAlloc(&u8_PtImageHost, WIDTH*HEIGHT*sizeof(u_int8_t), cudaHostAllocDefault));
checkCudaErrors(cudaHostAlloc(&u8_ptDataOutHost, WIDTH*HEIGHT*sizeof(u_int8_t), cudaHostAllocDefault));
根据我的测试,仅此更改一项,您的执行持续时间就从约21ms下降到7ms。原因是,如果没有更改,我们不会有任何重叠:

更改后,复制活动可以相互重叠(H->D和D->H)并与内核执行重叠:

要实现并发内核执行,您面临的第二个问题是内核太大(块/线程太多):


我建议,如果这些是您需要运行的内核的大小,那么尝试和争取内核重叠可能没有多大好处——每个内核都启动了足够的块来“填充”GPU,因此您已经公开了足够的并行性以保持GPU繁忙。但是,如果您迫切希望看到内核并发,您可以让您的内核使用更少的块,同时使每个内核花费更多的时间执行。我们可以通过启动1个块来实现这一点,并让每个块中的线程执行im年龄筛选。

问题在哪里?什么是出乎意料的?
#define WIDTH   6400
#define HEIGHT  4800
#define NB_STREAM 10

#define BLOC_X 32
#define BLOC_Y 32

    dim3 threads(BLOC_X,BLOC_Y);
    dim3 blocks(ceil((float)WIDTH/BLOC_X),ceil((float)HEIGHT/BLOC_Y));