如何在芹菜任务中从Django settings.py检索动态值？

我的Django依靠芹菜和芹菜来繁殖任务。我有3个systemd服务/单元：

myapp.service（gunicorn守护进程）

芹菜-myapp.service（芹菜工人）

celerybeat-myapp.service（celerybeat守护进程）

我在我的主“myapp.service”服务（systemd unit）中定义了一个环境变量MY_SECRET

我无法从settings.py或直接从任务（tasks.py）中的环境变量获取此值，但我可以直接使用settings.py或环境变量从视图（views.py）中顺利检索此值

我是否需要将myapp.service中定义的环境变量MY_SECRET复制到celery-myapp.service和celerybeat-myapp.service，以便从芹菜任务中获取此值？如何检索我的_秘密值I，我的芹菜任务

myapp.service

[Unit]
Description=My App
After=network.target
Wants=celery-myapp.service
Wants=celerybeat-myapp.service

[Service]
User=myapp
Group=nginx
Environment=MY_SECRET=1234
WorkingDirectory=/opt/myproject/
ExecStart=/opt/myproject/env/bin/gunicorn --workers 3 --log-level debug --bind unix://opt/myproject/myapp.sock myaproject.wsgi:application

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

我的Django项目“settings.py”中引用了环境变量以及我打算在应用程序中使用的其他设置：

设置.py

# Populated with environment variable defined by systemd unit
MY_SECRET = os.environ.get('MY_SECRET')
# Static value
MY_URL= 'http://127.0.0.1'

def my_view(request):
    from django.conf import settings as project_settings

    my_secret_env = os.environ.get('MY_SECRET')
    my_secret_setting = project_settings.MY_SECRET
    my_url_setting = project_settings.MY_URL

   return render(request,'mypage.html',{
       'my_secret_env': my_secret_env,
       'my_secret_setting': my_secret_setting,
       'my_url_setting': my_url_setting,
   )

@shared_task
def task_mytask():
    from django.conf import settings as project_settings

    my_secret_env = os.environ.get('MY_SECRET')
    my_secret_setting = project_settings.MY_SECRET
    my_url_setting = project_settings.MY_URL

    # No value displayed
    print(my_secret_env)
    # No value displayed
    print(my_secret_setting)
    # Value displayed properly
    print(my_url_setting)

@periodic_task(run_every=timedelta(seconds=60))
def task_myperiodictask():
    task_mytask.delay()

@shared_task()
def task_mytask(my_secret_env, my_secret_setting):
    ...

task_mytask.apply_async(args=[my_secret_env, my_secret_setting])

从我的视图中，我可以从settings.py和直接从environment获取定义为环境变量my_SECRET的值：

视图.py

# Populated with environment variable defined by systemd unit
MY_SECRET = os.environ.get('MY_SECRET')
# Static value
MY_URL= 'http://127.0.0.1'

def my_view(request):
    from django.conf import settings as project_settings

    my_secret_env = os.environ.get('MY_SECRET')
    my_secret_setting = project_settings.MY_SECRET
    my_url_setting = project_settings.MY_URL

   return render(request,'mypage.html',{
       'my_secret_env': my_secret_env,
       'my_secret_setting': my_secret_setting,
       'my_url_setting': my_url_setting,
   )

@shared_task
def task_mytask():
    from django.conf import settings as project_settings

    my_secret_env = os.environ.get('MY_SECRET')
    my_secret_setting = project_settings.MY_SECRET
    my_url_setting = project_settings.MY_URL

    # No value displayed
    print(my_secret_env)
    # No value displayed
    print(my_secret_setting)
    # Value displayed properly
    print(my_url_setting)

@periodic_task(run_every=timedelta(seconds=60))
def task_myperiodictask():
    task_mytask.delay()

@shared_task()
def task_mytask(my_secret_env, my_secret_setting):
    ...

task_mytask.apply_async(args=[my_secret_env, my_secret_setting])

mypage.html

    {% block page_content %}
    <!-- Value displayed properly -->
    <p><strong>my_secret_env:</strong> {{ my_secret_env }}</p>
    <!-- Value displayed properly -->
    <p><strong>my_secret_setting:</strong> {{ my_secret_setting }}</p>
    <!-- Value displayed properly -->
    <p><strong>my_url_setting:</strong> {{ my_url_setting }}</p>
    {% endblock %}

---

不确定你的目标是什么，但你永远不应该随意地传递你的秘密。但是，如果您愿意，您可能必须从调用任务的位置将它们作为参数传递。像这样：

task.py

# Populated with environment variable defined by systemd unit
MY_SECRET = os.environ.get('MY_SECRET')
# Static value
MY_URL= 'http://127.0.0.1'

def my_view(request):
    from django.conf import settings as project_settings

    my_secret_env = os.environ.get('MY_SECRET')
    my_secret_setting = project_settings.MY_SECRET
    my_url_setting = project_settings.MY_URL

   return render(request,'mypage.html',{
       'my_secret_env': my_secret_env,
       'my_secret_setting': my_secret_setting,
       'my_url_setting': my_url_setting,
   )

@shared_task
def task_mytask():
    from django.conf import settings as project_settings

    my_secret_env = os.environ.get('MY_SECRET')
    my_secret_setting = project_settings.MY_SECRET
    my_url_setting = project_settings.MY_URL

    # No value displayed
    print(my_secret_env)
    # No value displayed
    print(my_secret_setting)
    # Value displayed properly
    print(my_url_setting)

@periodic_task(run_every=timedelta(seconds=60))
def task_myperiodictask():
    task_mytask.delay()

@shared_task()
def task_mytask(my_secret_env, my_secret_setting):
    ...

task_mytask.apply_async(args=[my_secret_env, my_secret_setting])

视图.py

# Populated with environment variable defined by systemd unit
MY_SECRET = os.environ.get('MY_SECRET')
# Static value
MY_URL= 'http://127.0.0.1'

def my_view(request):
    from django.conf import settings as project_settings

    my_secret_env = os.environ.get('MY_SECRET')
    my_secret_setting = project_settings.MY_SECRET
    my_url_setting = project_settings.MY_URL

   return render(request,'mypage.html',{
       'my_secret_env': my_secret_env,
       'my_secret_setting': my_secret_setting,
       'my_url_setting': my_url_setting,
   )

@shared_task
def task_mytask():
    from django.conf import settings as project_settings

    my_secret_env = os.environ.get('MY_SECRET')
    my_secret_setting = project_settings.MY_SECRET
    my_url_setting = project_settings.MY_URL

    # No value displayed
    print(my_secret_env)
    # No value displayed
    print(my_secret_setting)
    # Value displayed properly
    print(my_url_setting)

@periodic_task(run_every=timedelta(seconds=60))
def task_myperiodictask():
    task_mytask.delay()

@shared_task()
def task_mytask(my_secret_env, my_secret_setting):
    ...

task_mytask.apply_async(args=[my_secret_env, my_secret_setting])

另外，您可以尝试设置一个环境变量并尝试调用它

export MY_SETTING = 1234

---

我需要直接从环境变量中检索secret，或者使用settings.py作为中介（将配置值集中在一个位置）。我的共享任务不是从视图调用的，而是由基于数据库设置的定期任务触发的。哦，对了，我现在明白了。您是否尝试导出希望传递的环境变量？导出MY_SECRET=1234最后，我在celery.service和celerybeat.service中复制了Environment=MY_SECRET=1234，现在我可以在celery定期任务或celery共享任务中直接使用os.Environment.get（'MY_SECRET'）获取此环境变量的值，但这有点难看。