gnuplot：如何获得正确的周数？
从这个问题出发,， 研究发现，在某些情况下，gnuplot中使用时间说明符gnuplot：如何获得正确的周数？,gnuplot,week-number,Gnuplot,Week Number,从这个问题出发,， 研究发现，在某些情况下，gnuplot中使用时间说明符%W和%U的周数是错误的 显然，周数有不同的定义。 此外，一周开始时有不同的定义，例如星期日或星期一。 周数的一个定义是根据ISO 8601，这是常用的（但是，在美国和其他一些国家不使用） 代码：（用于说明错误的周数） gnuplot时间说明符： %a abbreviated name of day of the week %w day of the week, 0–6 (Sunday = 0) %d day of the
%W%U%a abbreviated name of day of the week
%w day of the week, 0–6 (Sunday = 0)
%d day of the month, 01–31
%j day of the year, 1–366
%W week of the year (week starts on Monday)
%U week of the year (week starts on Sunday)
date %a %w %d %j %W %U
====================================
24.12.2020 Thu 04 24 359 52 52
25.12.2020 Fri 05 25 360 52 52
26.12.2020 Sat 06 26 361 52 52
27.12.2020 Sun 00 27 362 52 53
28.12.2020 Mon 01 28 363 53 53
29.12.2020 Tue 02 29 364 53 53
30.12.2020 Wed 03 30 365 53 53
31.12.2020 Thu 04 31 366 53 53
01.01.2021 Fri 05 01 001 01 01 ???
02.01.2021 Sat 06 02 002 01 01 ???
03.01.2021 Sun 00 03 003 00 01 ???
04.01.2021 Mon 01 04 004 01 01
05.01.2021 Tue 02 05 005 01 01
06.01.2021 Wed 03 06 006 01 01
07.01.2021 Thu 04 07 007 01 01
08.01.2021 Fri 05 08 008 01 01
09.01.2021 Sat 06 09 009 01 01
10.01.2021 Sun 00 10 010 01 02
11.01.2021 Mon 01 11 011 02 02
12.01.2021 Tue 02 12 012 02 02
13.01.2021 Wed 03 13 013 02 02
### correct week number according to ISO 8601
reset session
dow(t) = int(tm_wday(t)) ? tm_wday(t) : 7 # day of week 1=Mon, ..., 7=Sun
week(t) = int((11 + tm_yday(t) - dow(t))/7) # "raw"week of year
wday(d,m,y) = tm_wday(strptime("%d.%m.%Y",sprintf("%02d.%02d.%04d",d,m,y))) # week day of certain date
wpy(y) = wday(1,1,y)==4 || wday(31,12,y)==4 ? 53 : 52 # weeks per year
woy(t) = week(t) < 1 ? wpy(tm_year(t)-1) : \
week(t) > wpy(tm_year(t)) ? 1 : week(t) # week of year
yow(t) = int(week(t) < 1 ? tm_year(t)-1 : week(t) > wpy(tm_year(t)) ? \
tm_year(t)+1 : tm_year(t)) # year of week (could be previous, current or next)
StartDate = "24.12.2020"
myTimeFmt = "%d.%m.%Y"
SecondsPerDay = 3600*24
print " date %a DoW %d %j YoW WoY"
print "======================================"
do for [i=0:20] {
t = strptime(myTimeFmt,StartDate) + i*SecondsPerDay
myDate = strftime(myTimeFmt." %a", t)
myDate2 = strftime("%d %j", t)
print sprintf("%s %02d %s %04d-W%02d", myDate, dow(t), myDate2, yow(t), woy(t))
}
### end of code
date %a DoW %d %j YoW WoY
======================================
24.12.2020 Thu 04 24 359 2020-W52
25.12.2020 Fri 05 25 360 2020-W52
26.12.2020 Sat 06 26 361 2020-W52
27.12.2020 Sun 07 27 362 2020-W52
28.12.2020 Mon 01 28 363 2020-W53
29.12.2020 Tue 02 29 364 2020-W53
30.12.2020 Wed 03 30 365 2020-W53
31.12.2020 Thu 04 31 366 2020-W53
01.01.2021 Fri 05 01 001 2020-W53
02.01.2021 Sat 06 02 002 2020-W53
03.01.2021 Sun 07 03 003 2020-W53
04.01.2021 Mon 01 04 004 2021-W01
05.01.2021 Tue 02 05 005 2021-W01
06.01.2021 Wed 03 06 006 2021-W01
07.01.2021 Thu 04 07 007 2021-W01
08.01.2021 Fri 05 08 008 2021-W01
09.01.2021 Sat 06 09 009 2021-W01
10.01.2021 Sun 07 10 010 2021-W01
11.01.2021 Mon 01 11 011 2021-W02
12.01.2021 Tue 02 12 012 2021-W02
13.01.2021 Wed 03 13 013 2021-W02
问题：是否有解决方法？根据此处的描述：， 我想ISO 8601定义的本质是：
date %a %w %d %j %W %U
====================================
24.12.2020 Thu 04 24 359 52 52
25.12.2020 Fri 05 25 360 52 52
26.12.2020 Sat 06 26 361 52 52
27.12.2020 Sun 00 27 362 52 53
28.12.2020 Mon 01 28 363 53 53
29.12.2020 Tue 02 29 364 53 53
30.12.2020 Wed 03 30 365 53 53
31.12.2020 Thu 04 31 366 53 53
01.01.2021 Fri 05 01 001 01 01 ???
02.01.2021 Sat 06 02 002 01 01 ???
03.01.2021 Sun 00 03 003 00 01 ???
04.01.2021 Mon 01 04 004 01 01
05.01.2021 Tue 02 05 005 01 01
06.01.2021 Wed 03 06 006 01 01
07.01.2021 Thu 04 07 007 01 01
08.01.2021 Fri 05 08 008 01 01
09.01.2021 Sat 06 09 009 01 01
10.01.2021 Sun 00 10 010 01 02
11.01.2021 Mon 01 11 011 02 02
12.01.2021 Tue 02 12 012 02 02
13.01.2021 Wed 03 13 013 02 02
### correct week number according to ISO 8601
reset session
dow(t) = int(tm_wday(t)) ? tm_wday(t) : 7 # day of week 1=Mon, ..., 7=Sun
week(t) = int((11 + tm_yday(t) - dow(t))/7) # "raw"week of year
wday(d,m,y) = tm_wday(strptime("%d.%m.%Y",sprintf("%02d.%02d.%04d",d,m,y))) # week day of certain date
wpy(y) = wday(1,1,y)==4 || wday(31,12,y)==4 ? 53 : 52 # weeks per year
woy(t) = week(t) < 1 ? wpy(tm_year(t)-1) : \
week(t) > wpy(tm_year(t)) ? 1 : week(t) # week of year
yow(t) = int(week(t) < 1 ? tm_year(t)-1 : week(t) > wpy(tm_year(t)) ? \
tm_year(t)+1 : tm_year(t)) # year of week (could be previous, current or next)
StartDate = "24.12.2020"
myTimeFmt = "%d.%m.%Y"
SecondsPerDay = 3600*24
print " date %a DoW %d %j YoW WoY"
print "======================================"
do for [i=0:20] {
t = strptime(myTimeFmt,StartDate) + i*SecondsPerDay
myDate = strftime(myTimeFmt." %a", t)
myDate2 = strftime("%d %j", t)
print sprintf("%s %02d %s %04d-W%02d", myDate, dow(t), myDate2, yow(t), woy(t))
}
### end of code
date %a DoW %d %j YoW WoY
======================================
24.12.2020 Thu 04 24 359 2020-W52
25.12.2020 Fri 05 25 360 2020-W52
26.12.2020 Sat 06 26 361 2020-W52
27.12.2020 Sun 07 27 362 2020-W52
28.12.2020 Mon 01 28 363 2020-W53
29.12.2020 Tue 02 29 364 2020-W53
30.12.2020 Wed 03 30 365 2020-W53
31.12.2020 Thu 04 31 366 2020-W53
01.01.2021 Fri 05 01 001 2020-W53
02.01.2021 Sat 06 02 002 2020-W53
03.01.2021 Sun 07 03 003 2020-W53
04.01.2021 Mon 01 04 004 2021-W01
05.01.2021 Tue 02 05 005 2021-W01
06.01.2021 Wed 03 06 006 2021-W01
07.01.2021 Thu 04 07 007 2021-W01
08.01.2021 Fri 05 08 008 2021-W01
09.01.2021 Sat 06 09 009 2021-W01
10.01.2021 Sun 07 10 010 2021-W01
11.01.2021 Mon 01 11 011 2021-W02
12.01.2021 Tue 02 12 012 2021-W02
13.01.2021 Wed 03 13 013 2021-W02
%W因此，我认为它将很快在下一个版本中得到修复。鉴于目前的大流行以及由此产生的对绘制来自所有来源的流行病学数据的兴趣，清理并扩展gnuplot对周日期格式的支持似乎是权宜之计。gnuplot文档的“新特性”部分现在列出：
• Time specifier format %W has been brought into accord with the ISO 8601 week date standard.
• Time specifier format %U has been brought into accord with the CDC/MMWR week date standard.
• New function tm week(time, std) returns ISO or CDC standard week of year.
• New function weekdate iso(year, week, day) converts ISO standard week date to calendar time.
• New function weekdate cdc(year, week, day) converts CDC standard week date to calendar time.
# Epidemiological data
#
# Plot from data file that encodes date as an ISO 8601 "week date".
# Example: week date 2004-W01-1 is calendar date 29 December 2003
# The data is from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
# https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/
# The ECDC data file uses fields containing week date as "YYYY-WW".
# First we define a function that extracts the integer year and week
# from this string and converts it to standard time representation.
calendar(date) = weekdate_iso( int(date[1:4]), int(date[6:7]) )
set datafile separator comma
set style data lines
set key Left left reverse box samplen 2 width 2
set grid x lt 1 lw .75 lc "gray"
set tics nomirror
set border 3
set xtics time format "%b\n%Y"
set ytics format " %4.0f"
data1 = '< grep "Denmark.*cases" ECDC-weekly-national-COVID.csv'
data2 = '< grep "Sweden.*cases" ECDC-weekly-national-COVID.csv'
data3 = '< grep "Norway.*cases" ECDC-weekly-national-COVID.csv'
data4 = '< grep "Finland.*cases" ECDC-weekly-national-COVID.csv'
data5 = '< grep "Iceland.*cases" ECDC-weekly-national-COVID.csv'
set title "weekly COVID-19 cases per 100,000 people" font "/Bold,15"
plot data1 using (calendar(strcol(7))) : (1.e5*$6/$4) lw 2 title "Denmark", \
data2 using (calendar(strcol(7))) : (1.e5*$6/$4) lw 2 title "Sweden", \
data3 using (calendar(strcol(7))) : (1.e5*$6/$4) lw 2 title "Norway", \
data4 using (calendar(strcol(7))) : (1.e5*$6/$4) lw 2 title "Finland", \
data5 using (calendar(strcol(7))) : (1.e5*$6/$4) lw 2 lt 6 title "Iceland"
是的，现在在gnuplot git存储库中有一个%W格式的修复程序。就我所了解的ISO 8601“周日期”标准而言，您列出的四个属性都是基本定义“一年的第一周从最接近当年1月1日的星期一开始”的必然结果。