Heroku RPy RHOME发现酒店

我正在尝试运行一个使用Python和R的多包Heroku应用程序。我让multi-buildpack先安装R，但尽管我修改了$PATH，RPy的安装还是找不到R。这是怎么回事？当init.R运行时，R将RHOME视为“/app/vendor/R/lib64/R”

-----> Fetching custom git buildpack... done
-----> Multipack app detected
=====> Downloading Buildpack: https://github.com/virtualstaticvoid/heroku-buildpack-r
=====> Detected Framework: R
   Vendoring R 2.15.1
   Downloading and unpacking R binaries
   Executing init.r script
[1] "/app/vendor/R/lib64/R" #This is me dumping out RHOME from init.r
   R 2.15.1 successfully installed
=====> Downloading Buildpack: https://github.com/heroku/heroku-buildpack-python
=====> Detected Framework: Python
-----> No runtime.txt provided; assuming python-2.7.4.
-----> Using Python runtime (python-2.7.4)
-----> Installing dependencies using Pip (1.3.1)
   Downloading/unpacking rpy2==2.3.5 (from -r requirements/base.txt (line 22))
     Running setup.py egg_info for package rpy2

       sh: R: not found
       Error: Tried to guess R's HOME but no R command in the PATH.
       Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
       running egg_info

   creating pip-egg-info/rpy2.egg-info

   writing pip-egg-info/rpy2.egg-info/PKG-INFO

   writing top-level names to pip-egg-info/rpy2.egg-info/top_level.txt

   writing dependency_links to pip-egg-info/rpy2.egg-info/dependency_links.txt

   writing manifest file 'pip-egg-info/rpy2.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'

   warning: manifest_maker: standard file '-c' not found



   sh: R: not found

   Error: Tried to guess R's HOME but no R command in the PATH.

   ----------------------------------------
   Command python setup.py egg_info failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-u32629/rpy2
   Storing complete log in /app/.pip/pip.log
 !     Heroku push rejected, failed to compile Multipack app

To git@heroku.com:D.git
 ! [remote rejected] master -> master (pre-receive hook declined)

(venvddd)ben@Watt:~/Projects/D/D$ heroku config:get PATH /home/ben/Projects/D/venvddd/bin:/usr/local/heroku/bin:/usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/app/vendor/R/lib64/R:/app/vendor/R/lib64/R/bin

---

在@bwarren2提供了一些有用的建议之后，我想我有了一种更简洁的方法，可以在Heroku上同时使用R、python和rpy2

在本例中，我使用的是PythonBuildPack heroku buildpack python sklearn，它包含从二进制构建中学习的numpy、scipy和scikit。Rpy2库具有很好的numpy集成，因此您可能希望从这个开始。如果不是，那么同样的方法也适用于普通的python构建包

创建一个.buildpacks文件，如下所示：

https://github.com/virtualstaticvoid/heroku-buildpack-r.git
https://github.com/dbrgn/heroku-buildpack-python-sklearn/

安装r库的可选init.r文件，以及此requirements.txt文件：

numpy==1.7.0
scipy==0.11.0
scikit-learn==0.13.1
matplotlib==1.1.0
rpy2==2.3.8

因为我们正在获取这些文件的二进制版本（由于BLAS和其他依赖关系），所以版本号必须完全匹配

然后我们执行正常的过程来使用多构建包。但是，python构建包需要知道R和一些库安装在哪里。Heroku上的slug构建系统不会将R构建包中设置的所有环境变量传递给python构建包

但是，我们可以使用Heroku实验室的新用户环境编译功能，并显式地为PATH和LD_LIBRARY_PATH设置变量。这就是我所做的

# make a test repo
git init 
# add our files
git add init.r
git add requirements.txt
git add .buildpacks
# commit the files
git ci -m"testing using user-env-compile"

# create a new app using the multi buildpack code
heroku create --buildpack https://github.com/ddollar/heroku-buildpack-multi.git

# turn on user-env-compile, that allows config vars when compiling slug
# see https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/labs-user-env-compile
heroku labs:enable user-env-compile

# set the path variables explicitly, so python knows where R is located
heroku config:set PATH=/app/vendor/R/bin:/app/vendor/gcc-4.3/bin:/app/.heroku/python/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
heroku config:set LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib:/app/vendor/R/lib64/R/modules:/app/vendor/R/lib64/R/lib:/app/vendor/gcc-4.3/lib64


# create the slug
git push heroku master

# we can now access R from python using rpy2
$ heroku run python
Running `python` attached to terminal... up, run.1144
Python 2.7.4 (default, Apr  6 2013, 22:14:13) 
[GCC 4.4.3] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import rpy2.robjects as robjects
>>> pi = robjects.r['pi']
>>> pi[0] 
3.141592653589793

编辑： 我将LD_LIBRARY_路径更新为包含/usr/lib和/usr/local/lib

---

还将matplotlib==1.1.0添加到requirements.txt，这是一个较旧的版本。

rpy2的

setup.py

正在使用

os.popen（“RHOME”）

。在Heroku上创建子进程时，可能发生了“某些事情”。由于Python中不推荐使用该函数，因此值得尝试一下

子流程

模块是否解决了该问题。事实证明，问题在于buildpack安装在heroku上是事务性的，因此$PATH在安装之间发生了变化。分叉heroku python buildpack并调整$PATH变量可以使安装运行，但稍后我会遇到更新且更有趣的导入错误。随着时间的推移会越来越多，完成了！这比您最初预期的要复杂得多，黑客攻击了几个自定义构建包，并配置了环境变量来管理导入。秘密在于Heroku buildpacks是事务性的。如果您看到rpy2安装过程可以改进的地方，请毫不犹豫地提出建议（或提供补丁）。在我的情况下，我必须将这两个路径添加到LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/app/vendor/.apt/usr/libblas/：/app/vendor/.apt/usr/lib中/