从url读取pydub AudioSegment。BytesIO returning”一词；OSError[Errno 2]没有这样的文件或目录；仅在heroku上；在本地主机上很好

为有相同错误的人编辑1：安装ffmpeg确实解决了BytesIO错误

为仍然愿意提供帮助的人编辑1：现在我的问题是，当我使用AudioSegment.export（“filename.mp3”，format=“mp3”）时，文件已生成，但大小为0字节——详细信息如下（如“编辑1”）

---

编辑2：所有问题现在都已解决

• 可以使用BytesIO将文件作为音频段读入
• 我发现BuildPack可以确保在我的应用程序上正确安装了ffmpeg，并且对导出正确的mp3文件支持不足

回答如下

---

原始问题 我让pydub在本地很好地工作，根据url中的参数裁剪特定的mp3文件。 （？开始时间=3.8，结束时间=5.1）

当我运行

foreman start

时，在本地主机上一切看起来都很好。html呈现得很好。 views.py中的关键行包括使用

url = "https://s3.amazonaws.com/shareducate02/The_giving_tree__by_Alex_Blumberg__sponsored_by_mailchimp-short.mp3"
mp3 = urllib.urlopen(url).read() # inspired by http://nbviewer.ipython.org/github/ipython-books/cookbook-code/blob/master/notebooks/chapter11_image/06_speech.ipynb
original=AudioSegment.from_mp3(BytesIO(mp3))  # AudioSegment.from_mp3 is a pydub command, see http://pydub.com
section = original[start_time_ms:end_time_ms]

这一切都很好。。。直到我推到heroku（django应用程序）并在线运行它。 然后，当我现在在herokuapp.com上加载相同的页面时，我得到了这个错误

OSError at /path/to/page
[Errno 2] No such file or directory
Request Method: GET
Request URL:    http://my.website.com/path/to/page?start_time=3.8&end_time=5
Django Version: 1.6.5
Exception Type: OSError
Exception Value:    
[Errno 2] No such file or directory
Exception Location: /app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py in _execute_child, line 1327
Python Executable:  /app/.heroku/python/bin/python
Python Version: 2.7.8
Python Path:    
['/app',
 '/app/.heroku/python/bin',
 '/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/setuptools-5.4.1-py2.7.egg',
 '/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/distribute-0.6.36-py2.7.egg',
 '/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip-1.3.1-py2.7.egg',
 '/app',
 '/app/.heroku/python/lib/python27.zip',
 '/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7',
 '/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/plat-linux2',
 '/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/lib-tk',
 '/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/lib-old',
 '/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload',
 '/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages',
 '/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.7.egg-info']


Traceback:
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in get_response
  112.                     response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
File "/app/evernote/views.py" in finalize
  105.       original=AudioSegment.from_mp3(BytesIO(mp3))
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pydub/audio_segment.py" in from_mp3
  318.         return cls.from_file(file, 'mp3')
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pydub/audio_segment.py" in from_file
  302.         retcode = subprocess.call(convertion_command, stderr=open(os.devnull))
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py" in call
  522.     return Popen(*popenargs, **kwargs).wait()
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py" in __init__
  710.                                 errread, errwrite)
File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py" in _execute_child
  1327.                 raise child_exception

---

我已经注释掉了一些原文，以说服自己，单行

original=AudioSegment.from_mp3（BytesIO（mp3））

确实是问题的根源。。。但这在本地并不是问题

views.py中的完整函数如下开始：

from django.shortcuts import render, get_object_or_404 
from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect #, Http404, HttpResponse
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
from django.views import generic
import pydub
# Maybe only need: 
from pydub import AudioSegment # == see below
from time import gmtime, strftime

import boto
from boto.s3.connection import S3Connection
from boto.s3.key import Key

# http://nbviewer.ipython.org/github/ipython-books/cookbook-code/blob/master/notebooks/chapter11_image/06_speech.ipynb
import urllib
from io import BytesIO
# import numpy as np
# import scipy.signal as sg
# import pydub # mentioned above already
# import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# from IPython.display import Audio, display
# import matplotlib as mpl
# %matplotlib inline

import os
# from settings import AWS_ACCESS_KEY, AWS_SECRET_KEY, AWS_BUCKET_NAME
AWS_ACCESS_KEY = os.environ.get('AWS_ACCESS_KEY') # there must be a better way?
AWS_SECRET_KEY = os.environ.get('AWS_SECRET_KEY')
AWS_BUCKET_NAME = os.environ.get('S3_BUCKET_NAME')

# http://stackoverflow.com/questions/415511/how-to-get-current-time-in-python

boto_conn = S3Connection(AWS_ACCESS_KEY, AWS_SECRET_KEY)
bucket = boto_conn.get_bucket(AWS_BUCKET_NAME)
s3_url_format = 'https://s3.amazonaws.com/shareducate02/{end_path}'

特别是我访问页面时调用的views.py中的视图：

def finalize(request):

    start_time = request.GET.get('start_time')

    end_time = request.GET.get('end_time')

    original_file = "https://s3.amazonaws.com/shareducate02/The_giving_tree__by_Alex_Blumberg__sponsored_by_mailchimp-short.mp3"


    if start_time:

      # original=AudioSegment.from_mp3(original_file)  #...that didn't work 
      # but this works below:

      # next three uncommented lines from http://nbviewer.ipython.org/github/ipython-books/cookbook-code/blob/master/notebooks/chapter11_image/06_speech.ipynb
      # python 2.x
      url = original_file
      # req = urllib.Request(url, headers={'User-Agent': ''}) # Note: I commented out this because I got error that "Request" did not exist
      mp3 = urllib.urlopen(url).read()
      # That's for my 2.7

      # If I ever upgrade to python 3.x, would need to change it to:
      # req = urllib.request.Request(url, headers={'User-Agent': ''}) 
      # mp3 = urllib.request.urlopen(req).read()
      # as per instructions on http://nbviewer.ipython.org/github/ipython-books/cookbook-code/blob/master/notebooks/chapter11_image/06_speech.ipynb

      original=AudioSegment.from_mp3(BytesIO(mp3))
      # original=AudioSegment.from_mp3("static/givingtree.mp3") # alternative that works locally (on laptop) but no use for heroku

      start_time_ms = int(float(start_time) * 1000)
      if end_time:
        end_time_ms = int(float(end_time) * 1000)
      else:
        end_time_ms = int(float(original.duration_seconds) * 1000)
      duration_ms = end_time_ms - start_time_ms
      # duration = end_time - start_time
      duration = duration_ms/1000

   #   section = original[start_time_ms:end_time_ms]
   #   section_with_fading = section.fade_in(100).fade_out(100)

      clip = "demo-"
      number = strftime("%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S", gmtime())
      clip += number
      clip += ".mp3" 

      # DON'T BOTHER writing locally:
      # clip_with_path = "evernote/static/"+clip
      # section_with_fading.export(clip_with_path, format = "mp3")

   #   tempclip = section_with_fading.export(format = "mp3")

      # commented out while de-bugging, but was working earlier if run on localhost
      # c = boto.connect_s3()
      # b = c.get_bucket(S3_BUCKET_NAME)  # as defined above
      # k = Key(b)
      # k.key=clip
      # # k.set_contents_from_filename(clip_with_path)
      # k.set_contents_from_file(tempclip)
      # k.set_acl('public-read')
      clip_made = True
    else: 
      duration = 0.0
      clip_made = False
      clip = ""
    context = {'original_file':original_file, 'new_file':clip, 'start_time': start_time, 'end_time':end_time, 'duration':duration, 'clip_made':clip_made} 
    return render(request, 'finalize.html' , context) 

有什么建议吗

潜在相关： 我在本地安装了ffmpeg

但由于不了解构建包，我们无法将其安装到heroku上。我刚才试过（

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/14407388/how-to-install-ffmpeg-for-a-django-app-on-heroku

和

https://github.com/shunjikonishi/heroku-buildpack-ffmpeg

）但到目前为止，ffmpeg还不能在heroku上运行（当我执行“heroku运行ffmpeg--version”时，ffmpeg无法识别） …你认为这就是原因吗

如果能给出这样的答案，我将不胜感激，因为我将在这里转圈：

“我认为ffmpeg确实是您的问题。请更努力地解决这个问题，并将其安装到heroku上”

“事实上，我认为这就是比泰西奥不为你工作的原因：…”

“无论如何，你的方法很糟糕……如果你想读入音频文件以使用pydub进行处理，你应该这样做：……”（因为我只是第一次通过pydub进行黑客攻击……我的方法可能很差）

---

编辑1 现在已安装ffmpeg（例如，我可以输出wav文件）

然而，我不能创建mp3文件，仍然。。。或者更准确地说，我可以，但是文件大小是零

(venv-app)moriartymacbookair13:getstartapp macuser$ heroku config:add BUILDPACK_URL=https://github.com/ddollar/heroku-buildpack-multi.git 
Setting config vars and restarting awe01... done, v93
BUILDPACK_URL: https://github.com/ddollar/heroku-buildpack-multi.git
(venv-app)moriartymacbookair13:getstartapp macuser$ vim .buildpacks 
(venv-app)moriartymacbookair13:getstartapp macuser$ cat .buildpacks 
https://github.com/shunjikonishi/heroku-buildpack-ffmpeg.git
https://github.com/heroku/heroku-buildpack-python.git
(venv-app)moriartymacbookair13:getstartapp macuser$ git add --all
(venv-app)moriartymacbookair13:getstartapp macuser$ git commit -m "need multi, not just ffmpeg, so adding back in multi + shun + heroku, with trailing .git in .buildpacks file"
[master cd99fef] need multi, not just ffmpeg, so adding back in multi + shun + heroku, with trailing .git in .buildpacks file
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
(venv-app)moriartymacbookair13:getstartapp macuser$ git push heroku master
Fetching repository, done.
Counting objects: 5, done.
Delta compression using up to 4 threads.
Compressing objects: 100% (3/3), done.
Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 372 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done.
Total 3 (delta 2), reused 0 (delta 0)

-----> Fetching custom git buildpack... done
-----> Multipack app detected
=====> Downloading Buildpack: https://github.com/shunjikonishi/heroku-buildpack-ffmpeg.git
=====> Detected Framework: ffmpeg
-----> Install ffmpeg
       DOWNLOAD_URL =  http://flect.github.io/heroku-binaries/libs/ffmpeg.tar.gz
       exporting PATH and LIBRARY_PATH
=====> Downloading Buildpack: https://github.com/heroku/heroku-buildpack-python.git
=====> Detected Framework: Python
-----> Installing dependencies with pip
       Cleaning up...

-----> Preparing static assets
       Collectstatic configuration error. To debug, run:
       $ heroku run python ./example/manage.py collectstatic --noinput

Using release configuration from last framework (Python).
-----> Discovering process types
       Procfile declares types -> web

-----> Compressing... done, 198.1MB
-----> Launching... done, v94
       http://[redacted].herokuapp.com/ deployed to Heroku

To git@heroku.com:awe01.git
   78d6b68..cd99fef  master -> master
(venv-app)moriartymacbookair13:getstartapp macuser$ heroku run ffmpeg
Running `ffmpeg` attached to terminal... up, run.6408
ffmpeg version git-2013-06-02-5711e4f Copyright (c) 2000-2013 the FFmpeg developers
  built on Jun  2 2013 07:38:40 with gcc 4.4.3 (Ubuntu 4.4.3-4ubuntu5.1)
  configuration: --enable-shared --disable-asm --prefix=/app/vendor/ffmpeg
  libavutil      52. 34.100 / 52. 34.100
  libavcodec     55. 13.100 / 55. 13.100
  libavformat    55.  8.102 / 55.  8.102
  libavdevice    55.  2.100 / 55.  2.100
  libavfilter     3. 74.101 /  3. 74.101
  libswscale      2.  3.100 /  2.  3.100
  libswresample   0. 17.102 /  0. 17.102
Hyper fast Audio and Video encoder
usage: ffmpeg [options] [[infile options] -i infile]... {[outfile options] outfile}...

Use -h to get full help or, even better, run 'man ffmpeg'
(venv-app)moriartymacbookair13:getstartapp macuser$ heroku run bash
Running `bash` attached to terminal... up, run.9660
~ $ python
Python 2.7.8 (default, Jul  9 2014, 20:47:08) 
[GCC 4.4.3] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import pydub
>>> from pydub import AudioSegment
>>> exit()
~ $ which ffmpeg
/app/vendor/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg
~ $ python 

Python 2.7.8 (default, Jul  9 2014, 20:47:08) 
[GCC 4.4.3] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import pydub
>>> from pydub import AudioSegment
>>> AudioSegment.silent(5000).export("/tmp/asdf.mp3", "mp3")
<open file '/tmp/asdf.mp3', mode 'wb+' at 0x7f9a37d44780>
>>> exit ()
~ $ cd /tmp/
/tmp $ ls
asdf.mp3
/tmp $ open asdf.mp3
bash: open: command not found
/tmp $ ls -lah
total 8.0K
drwx------  2 u36483 36483 4.0K 2014-10-22 04:14 .
drwxr-xr-x 14 root   root  4.0K 2014-09-26 07:08 ..
-rw-------  1 u36483 36483    0 2014-10-22 04:14 asdf.mp3

最后，我尝试导出一个.wav文件来检查pydub是否至少正常工作

/tmp $ python
Python 2.7.8 (default, Jul  9 2014, 20:47:08) 
[GCC 4.4.3] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import pydub
>>> from pydub import AudioSegment
>>> pydub.AudioSegment.ffmpeg = "/app/vendor/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg"
>>> AudioSegment.silent(1300).export("/tmp/heroku_wav_silence01.wav", format="wav")
<open file '/tmp/heroku_wav_silence01.wav', mode 'wb+' at 0x7fa33cbf3780>
>>> exit()
/tmp $ ls
asdf.mp3  herokuSilence03.mp3  herokuSilence.mp3  heroku_wav_silence01.wav
/tmp $ ls -lah
total 40K
drwx------  2 u36483 36483 4.0K 2014-10-22 04:42 .
drwxr-xr-x 14 root   root  4.0K 2014-09-26 07:08 ..
-rw-------  1 u36483 36483    0 2014-10-22 04:14 asdf.mp3
-rw-------  1 u36483 36483    0 2014-10-22 04:31 herokuSilence03.mp3
-rw-------  1 u36483 36483    0 2014-10-22 04:29 herokuSilence.mp3
-rw-------  1 u36483 36483  29K 2014-10-22 04:42 heroku_wav_silence01.wav
/tmp $ 

信息链接是，它太具体的mp3故障，所以可能这两个问题是相关的

---

编辑2

---

请参阅答案，所有问题均已解决

Pydub使用ffmpeg对wav以外的所有格式进行编码/解码。因此，第一个问题是在heroku上安装ffmpeg

您可能会发现，使用

heroku运行bash

可以

cd

查找ffmpeg二进制文件（请在

/app/.heroku/vendor

中尝试）

如果是这种情况，您可以显式指定pydub的位置，如下所示：

import pydub


pydub.AudioSegment.converter = "/app/.heroku/vendor/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg" # or wherever you find it

编辑 我能够做到以下几点：

在空git回购的根目录中创建一个

requirements.txt

requirements.txt

：

pydub

添加这个并推到heroku

跑步：

heroku config:add BUILDPACK_URL=https://github.com/integricho/heroku-buildpack-python-ffmpeg.git

然后：

在壳里

$ which ffmpeg
/app/.heroku/vendor/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg

$ python
>>> from pydub import AudioSegment
>>> AudioSegment.silent(5000).export("/tmp/asdf.mp3", "mp3")
<open file '/tmp/asdf.mp3', mode 'wb+' at 0x7ffa8aac0390>

$哪个ffmpeg
/app/.heroku/vendor/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg
$python
>>>从pydub导入音频段
>>>AudioSegment.silent（5000）导出（“/tmp/asdf.mp3”、“mp3”）

---

之后，ffmpeg位于：

/app/.heroku/vendor/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg

所有问题都已解决，谢谢

我现在可以使用BytesIO从url读取音频片段。 我现在可以在处理后导出mp3或wav

使用此处推荐的包解决了ffmpeg问题：

http://blog.pogoapp.com/youtube-mp3-with-node-js-and-ffmpeg/

（将“nodejs”替换为我的语言“python”） 这里推荐的ffmpeg包（）已经包含了我所需要的lame支持 由于某种原因，我没有完全为我做好这项工作

我还必须在requirements.txt中添加“ffprobe”以允许youtube dl正常运行（我在这里提到了这一点，因为它之前也抱怨lame丢失……添加ffprobe是使其正常运行的第二步）

---

我的答案全文如下：

@Jiarro，非常感谢你的回复。那个特定的buildpack对我不起作用，但我现在确实设法让ffmpeg工作了，使用了一种类似的方法$cat.buildpacks，它允许我在保持python heroku配置的同时获取ffmpeg:add buildpack_URL=now ffmpeg的行为就像它在工作一样，但当它编写mp3时，导出的文件大小为零字节。我将把上面的完整输出粘贴到我的question@Jiarro，buildpack让ffmpeg工作得足够好，我可以使用heroku上的youtube dl下载视频，但mp3仍然失败（即，我仍然无法pydub导出mp3，也无法使用youtube dl提取音频）。integricho的构建似乎没有我需要的mp3/lame支持。我添加了我自己的答案，以显示我最终决定使用的buildpack，包括ffmpeg和lame支持。再次感谢您的支持

original=AudioSegment。从mp3（BytesIO（mp3））

（即向BytesIO播放）是我的外卖。。。

pydub

heroku config:add BUILDPACK_URL=https://github.com/integricho/heroku-buildpack-python-ffmpeg.git

heroku run bash

$ which ffmpeg
/app/.heroku/vendor/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg

$ python
>>> from pydub import AudioSegment
>>> AudioSegment.silent(5000).export("/tmp/asdf.mp3", "mp3")
<open file '/tmp/asdf.mp3', mode 'wb+' at 0x7ffa8aac0390>