Hibernate 执行此操作需要事务(使用事务或扩展持久性上下文)
我使用的是Wildfly 10.0.0 Final、JavaEE7、Maven和JPA2.1。当我查询数据库中的记录时,它可以正常工作并列出员工,但当我尝试保留新员工时,它会给我以下异常:Hibernate 执行此操作需要事务(使用事务或扩展持久性上下文),hibernate,jpa,jakarta-ee,cdi,managed-bean,Hibernate,Jpa,Jakarta Ee,Cdi,Managed Bean,我使用的是Wildfly 10.0.0 Final、JavaEE7、Maven和JPA2.1。当我查询数据库中的记录时,它可以正常工作并列出员工,但当我尝试保留新员工时,它会给我以下异常: javax.servlet.ServletException: WFLYJPA0060: Transaction is required to perform this operation (either use a transaction or extended persistence context) j
javax.servlet.ServletException: WFLYJPA0060: Transaction is required to perform this operation (either use a transaction or extended persistence context)
javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet.service(FacesServlet.java:671)
io.undertow.servlet.handlers.ServletHandler.handleRequest(ServletHandler.java:85)
io.undertow.servlet.handlers.security.ServletSecurityRoleHandler.handleRequest(ServletSecurityRoleHandler.java:62)
io.undertow.servlet.handlers.ServletDispatchingHandler.handleRequest(ServletDispatchingHandler.java:36)
org.wildfly.extension.undertow.security.SecurityContextAssociationHandler.handleRequest(SecurityContextAssociationHandler.java:78)
io.undertow.server.handlers.PredicateHandler.handleRequest(PredicateHandler.java:43)
io.undertow.servlet.handlers.security.SSLInformationAssociationHandler.handleRequest(SSLInformationAssociationHandler.java:131)
...
我正试图使用JSF和CDIBeans实现这一点。我有一个JTA数据源,已在persistence.xml文件中配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence" version="2.1">
<persistence-unit name="MyPersistenceUnit">
<provider>org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider</provider>
<jta-data-source>java:/EmployeesDS</jta-data-source>
<class>com.home.entity.Employee</class>
<properties>
<property name="hibernate.archive.autodetection" value="class"/>
<property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true"/>
<property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="true"/>
<property name="hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
<property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect"/>
</properties>
</persistence-unit>
</persistence>
员工实体类可在下面找到:
@NamedQueries({
@NamedQuery(
name = "findEmployees",
query = "select e from Employee e"
),
@NamedQuery(
name = "findEmployeeNameById",
query = "select e from Employee e where e.empNo = :empno"
)
})
@Table(name = "employees")
public class Employee {
@Id
@Column(name = "emp_no")
private int empNo;
@Basic
@Column(name = "birth_date")
private Date birthDate;
@Basic
@Column(name = "first_name")
private String firstName;
@Basic
@Column(name = "last_name")
private String lastName;
@Basic
@Column(name = "gender")
private char gender;
@Basic
@Column(name = "hire_date")
private Date hireDate;
public Employee() { }
public int getEmpNo() {
return empNo;
}
public void setEmpNo(int empNo) {
this.empNo = empNo;
}
public Date getBirthDate() {
return birthDate;
}
public void setBirthDate(Date birthDate) {
this.birthDate = birthDate;
}
public String getFirstName() {
return firstName;
}
public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
this.firstName = firstName;
}
public String getLastName() {
return lastName;
}
public void setLastName(String lastName) {
this.lastName = lastName;
}
public char getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(char gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
public Date getHireDate() {
return hireDate;
}
public void setHireDate(Date hireDate) {
this.hireDate = hireDate;
}
public Employee(int empNo, Date birthDate, String firstName, String lastName, char gender, Date hireDate) {
this.empNo = empNo;
this.birthDate = birthDate;
this.firstName = firstName;
this.lastName = lastName;
this.gender = gender;
this.hireDate = hireDate;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object o) {
if (this == o) return true;
if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
Employee employee = (Employee) o;
if (empNo != employee.empNo) return false;
if (gender != employee.gender) return false;
if (birthDate != null ? !birthDate.equals(employee.birthDate) : employee.birthDate != null) return false;
if (firstName != null ? !firstName.equals(employee.firstName) : employee.firstName != null) return false;
if (lastName != null ? !lastName.equals(employee.lastName) : employee.lastName != null) return false;
if (hireDate != null ? !hireDate.equals(employee.hireDate) : employee.hireDate != null) return false;
return true;
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
int result = empNo;
result = 31 * result + (birthDate != null ? birthDate.hashCode() : 0);
result = 31 * result + (firstName != null ? firstName.hashCode() : 0);
result = 31 * result + (lastName != null ? lastName.hashCode() : 0);
result = 31 * result + (int) gender;
result = 31 * result + (hireDate != null ? hireDate.hashCode() : 0);
return result;
}
}
提前谢谢 基本上,一个是存在一个容器管理的JTA感知持久性上下文和bean管理的事务(BMT) 因此,除了您的
EntityManager
之外,您还应该在DataFetchBean
中注入您的UserTransaction
,以便开始、提交或回滚事务
@Named
@RequestScoped
public class DataFetchBean {
@PersistenceContext
EntityManager em;
@Resource
private UserTransaction userTransaction;
...
}
然后,在addEmployee
方法中,您必须开始并提交事务,这样您对员工实体的更改就可以传播到数据库中
public void addEmployee() throws Exception {
Employee employee = new Employee(500000, new Date(335077446), "Josh", "Carribean", 'm', new Date(335077446));
userTransaction.begin();
em.persist(employee);
userTransaction.commit();
}
尽管如此,您还是应该考虑将数据库操作迁移到EJB中,将其注入JSFbean,从而将管理事务的责任委托给容器,即使用CMT,而不是手动处理它们。另一种处理方法是在
DataFetchBean
的方法addEmployee
上使用注释@Transactional
。这样您就不需要UserTransaction
,可以使用AOP来管理事务
@Named
@RequestScoped
public class DataFetchBean {
@PersistenceContext
EntityManager em;
@Resource
private UserTransaction userTransaction;
...
}
这是JTA 1.2中添加的一项新功能。您可以看到下面关于处理交易的文档:
使用
事务属性
基于您的应用程序在您的方法上添加@Transactional注释它将使其成为“事务性的”一种简单的方法,将@Transactional(Transactional.TxType.REQUIRED)
添加到方法我遇到了同样的问题,解决方案是
@Transactional(rollbackOn = Exception.class)
添加到Bean调用的方法中这给了我“javax.resource.ResourceException:IJ000460:事务错误检查”“javax.persistence.PersistenceException:org.hibernate.exception.genericjdbception:无法获取JDBC连接”@StefanWendelmann,我建议你打开一个新问题,因为只有提供的信息很难理解发生了什么。我指出,我们在应用程序中使用了错误的方法,使用了MangedBeans和从FacesContext手动触发的EL,因此无法正确注入UserTransaction。我必须想出一个更大的解决方案。你需要使用BMT吗?否则,您可以将事务管理的责任委托给容器,并使用CMT。另一种选择是,看看@JohnAment的答案。如果您使用注释@TransactionManagement(TransactionManagementType.bean)将事务管理委托给bean本身,那么这也可以在EJB(会话或消息驱动bean)中工作。