Ios 一个变量、一个类和两个相同的函数

我在谷歌搜索这个答案已经很久了，直到我在stack overflow创建了一个帐户来问这个问题

如何编程一个变量来保存一个包含某个变量的类，然后调用同一个函数两次？守则解释如下：

class Persons {

var oldName = ""
var oldAge = 0
var oldGender = ""
var name = ""
var age = 0
var gender = ""

func create(_ name:String, _ age:Int, _ gender:String) -> String {

    if(age > 100) {
        print("Can't create a person with an age that is over 100!")

        return "Not created!"
    }

    if(gender == "Boy" || gender == "Girl") {

    }
    else {
        print("Gender has to be a girl or a boy!")

        return "Not created!"
    }
    self.name = name
    self.age = age
    self.gender = gender

    self.oldName = name
    self.oldAge = age
    self.oldGender = gender

    print("You just created a \(gender) called: '\(name)' with the age of: '\(age)'!")

    return "Created!"
}

func modify(_ targetName:String, _ newName:String, _ newAge:Int, _ newGender:String) -> String {

    if(age > 100) {
        print("Can't modify a person with an age that is over 100!")
        return "Not modified!"
    }

    if(gender == "Boy" || gender == "Girl") {

    }
    else {
        print("Gender has to be a girl or a boy!")
        return "Not modified!"
    }

    if(targetName != "" && targetName == self.name) {
        self.name = newName
        self.age = newAge
        self.gender = newGender

        print("You just changed \(oldName)'s gender from: \(oldGender) to: \(gender), \(oldName)'s name from: \(oldName) to: \(name) and \(oldName)'s age from: \(oldAge) to: \(age)!")
    }
    else {
        print("Please enter a valid target name or create one!")
    }

    return "Modified!"
}

func delete(_ targetName:String) -> String {

    if(name != "" && targetName == self.name) {
        print("Deleted: \(name)!")
    }
    else {
        print("Please enter a valid target name or create one!")
    }

    return "Deleted!"
}

}

var p = Persons()
p.create("Isak", 11, "Boy")
p.create("Sanne", 7, "Girl") // Here I create another person
p.delete("Isak") // But if I say delete 'Isak' it does not delete him because I created 'Sanne' above!

/*
It would work like this

p.create("Isak", 11, "Boy")
p.delete("Isak")
p.create("Sanne", 7, "Girl")
*/

---

请帮忙。我花了很长时间才找到答案。如果您需要更多详细信息，请回复，我将尝试解释更多信息。

您正在尝试将模型对象用作存储库

您只需要一个简单的模型，对于一个简单的模型，最好使用struct。这也为您提供了免费的初始化器

struct Person {
    var name = ""
    var age = 0
    var gender = ""
}

注意：最好对性别使用枚举

enum Gender {
    case male, female
}

struct Person {
    var name = ""
    var age = 0
    var gender: Gender = .male
}

然后只需使用数组来管理列表

let simon = Person(name: "Simon", age: 20, gender: .male)
let isak = Person(name: "Isak", age: 11, gender: .male)

var people = [simon, isak]

print(people.count) // output: 2
people.remove(isak)
print(people.count) // output: 1

let sanne = Person(name: "Sanne", age: 7, gender: .female)
people.append(sanne)

---

我建议您通读实例化，数组是非常基本的。至少要阅读有关类、结构、实例化和数组的内容。

您还试图将模型对象用作存储库

您只需要一个简单的模型，对于一个简单的模型，最好使用struct。这也为您提供了免费的初始化器

struct Person {
    var name = ""
    var age = 0
    var gender = ""
}

注意：最好对性别使用枚举

enum Gender {
    case male, female
}

struct Person {
    var name = ""
    var age = 0
    var gender: Gender = .male
}

然后只需使用数组来管理列表

let simon = Person(name: "Simon", age: 20, gender: .male)
let isak = Person(name: "Isak", age: 11, gender: .male)

var people = [simon, isak]

print(people.count) // output: 2
people.remove(isak)
print(people.count) // output: 1

let sanne = Person(name: "Sanne", age: 7, gender: .female)
people.append(sanne)

---

我建议您通读实例化，数组是非常基本的。至少要了解类、结构、实例化和数组。

这里的问题是您使用的是单个Person实例。当您正在执行以下操作时：

p.create("Isak", 11, "Boy")
p.create("Sanne", 7, "Girl") // Here I create another person

您没有创建另一个人，尽管您只是编辑

person

类的

p

实例的属性。因此，当您删除Isak时：

p.delete("Isak")

现在已经没有伊萨克了，他被重命名为萨恩

要解决此问题，应创建两个单独的Person实例：

var p1 = Persons()
var p2 = Persons()
p1.create("Isak", 11, "Boy")
p2.create("Sanne", 7, "Girl") // Here I create another instance of person
p1.delete("Isak")

在这个状态下，您有两个人：您刚刚删除的Sanne和Isak，并且Sanne仍然存在并且可以访问

如果要使用单个实例容纳所有人员，请使用以下方法：

class Person {
var oldName = ""
var oldAge = 0
var oldGender = ""
var name = ""
var age = 0
var gender = ""

func create(_ name:String, _ age:Int, _ gender:String) -> String {

    if(age > 100) {
        print("Can't create a person with an age that is over 100!")

        return "Not created!"
    }

    if(gender == "Boy" || gender == "Girl") {

    }
    else {
        print("Gender has to be a girl or a boy!")

        return "Not created!"
    }
    self.name = name
    self.age = age
    self.gender = gender

    self.oldName = name
    self.oldAge = age
    self.oldGender = gender

    print("You just created a \(gender) called: '\(name)' with the age of: '\(age)'!")

    return "Created!"
}

func modify(_ targetName:String, _ newName:String, _ newAge:Int, _ newGender:String) -> String {

    if(age > 100) {
        print("Can't modify a person with an age that is over 100!")
        return "Not modified!"
    }

    if(gender == "Boy" || gender == "Girl") {

    }
    else {
        print("Gender has to be a girl or a boy!")
        return "Not modified!"
    }

    if(targetName != "" && targetName == self.name) {
        self.name = newName
        self.age = newAge
        self.gender = newGender

        print("You just changed \(oldName)'s gender from: \(oldGender) to: \(gender), \(oldName)'s name from: \(oldName) to: \(name) and \(oldName)'s age from: \(oldAge) to: \(age)!")
    }
    else {
        print("Please enter a valid target name or create one!")
    }

    return "Modified!"
}

func delete() -> String {
    return "Deleted!"
}
}

class Persons {
var personsDictionary = [String: Person]()
}

var persons = Persons()
var p1 = Person()
var p2 = Person()

p1.create("Isak", 11, "Boy")
p2.create("Sanne", 7, "Girl")

persons.personsDictionary[p1.name] = p1
persons.personsDictionary[p2.name] = p2

persons.personsDictionary["Isak"]?.delete()

这里我们有一个Person类（您在问题中定义的类，但略微更改了

delete（）

方法）和一个名为

[String:Person]

的Person类。字典的关键是你的人的名字和价值是这个人

---

当我们创建一个person实例时，我们将其存储在

PersonDictionary

中，然后我们可以按人名访问该字典中的每个人，并将返回一个可选的，我们可以调用您定义的所有方法。

这里的问题是您使用的是person的单个实例。当您正在执行以下操作时：

p.create("Isak", 11, "Boy")
p.create("Sanne", 7, "Girl") // Here I create another person

您没有创建另一个人，尽管您只是编辑

person

类的

p

实例的属性。因此，当您删除Isak时：

p.delete("Isak")

现在已经没有伊萨克了，他被重命名为萨恩

要解决此问题，应创建两个单独的Person实例：

var p1 = Persons()
var p2 = Persons()
p1.create("Isak", 11, "Boy")
p2.create("Sanne", 7, "Girl") // Here I create another instance of person
p1.delete("Isak")

在这个状态下，您有两个人：您刚刚删除的Sanne和Isak，并且Sanne仍然存在并且可以访问

如果要使用单个实例容纳所有人员，请使用以下方法：

class Person {
var oldName = ""
var oldAge = 0
var oldGender = ""
var name = ""
var age = 0
var gender = ""

func create(_ name:String, _ age:Int, _ gender:String) -> String {

    if(age > 100) {
        print("Can't create a person with an age that is over 100!")

        return "Not created!"
    }

    if(gender == "Boy" || gender == "Girl") {

    }
    else {
        print("Gender has to be a girl or a boy!")

        return "Not created!"
    }
    self.name = name
    self.age = age
    self.gender = gender

    self.oldName = name
    self.oldAge = age
    self.oldGender = gender

    print("You just created a \(gender) called: '\(name)' with the age of: '\(age)'!")

    return "Created!"
}

func modify(_ targetName:String, _ newName:String, _ newAge:Int, _ newGender:String) -> String {

    if(age > 100) {
        print("Can't modify a person with an age that is over 100!")
        return "Not modified!"
    }

    if(gender == "Boy" || gender == "Girl") {

    }
    else {
        print("Gender has to be a girl or a boy!")
        return "Not modified!"
    }

    if(targetName != "" && targetName == self.name) {
        self.name = newName
        self.age = newAge
        self.gender = newGender

        print("You just changed \(oldName)'s gender from: \(oldGender) to: \(gender), \(oldName)'s name from: \(oldName) to: \(name) and \(oldName)'s age from: \(oldAge) to: \(age)!")
    }
    else {
        print("Please enter a valid target name or create one!")
    }

    return "Modified!"
}

func delete() -> String {
    return "Deleted!"
}
}

class Persons {
var personsDictionary = [String: Person]()
}

var persons = Persons()
var p1 = Person()
var p2 = Person()

p1.create("Isak", 11, "Boy")
p2.create("Sanne", 7, "Girl")

persons.personsDictionary[p1.name] = p1
persons.personsDictionary[p2.name] = p2

persons.personsDictionary["Isak"]?.delete()

这里我们有一个Person类（您在问题中定义的类，但略微更改了

delete（）

方法）和一个名为

[String:Person]

的Person类。字典的关键是你的人的名字和价值是这个人

---

当我们创建一个person实例时，我们将其存储在

PersonDictionary

中，然后我们可以按人名访问该词典中的每个人，并返回一个可选的实例，我们可以在该实例上调用所有已定义的方法。

下面是我将如何开始的部分

首先让类处理所有事情：

class Person {
    /// An enum for gender so that you can only ever use the permissable values.
    public enum Gender {
        case male
        case female
    }

    /// An enum for the results so there are defined values to check (you could add more specific errors).
    public enum Result {
        case success
        case failed(_: String)
    }

    /// A structure to hold the details of each person.
    struct PersonData {
        var name: String
        var age: UInt
        var gender: Gender
    }

    /// The internal list of people.
    private var personList: [String: PersonData] = [:]

    /// A function to create a person.
    func create(_ name: String, _ age: UInt, _ gender: Gender) -> Result {
        guard personList[name] == nil else {
            print ("Person already created!")

            return .failed("Person already created!")
        }

        guard age <= 100 else {
            print("Can't create a person with an age that is over 100!")

            return .failed("Cannot have age over 100!")
        }

        let person = PersonData(name: name, age: age, gender: gender)
        personList[name] = person

        print("You just created a \(gender) called: '\(name)' with the age of: '\(age)'!")

        return .success
    }

    /// A function to modify a persons details in the list.
    func modify(_ targetName: String, _ newName: String, _ newAge: UInt, _ newGender: Gender) -> Result {
        guard let person = personList[targetName] else {
            print ("Person not found in list!")

            return .failed("Person not found!")
        }

        guard personList[newName] == nil else {
            print ("Person already exists in list!")

            return .failed("Person already exist in the list!")
        }

        if newAge > 100 {
            print("Can't modify a person with an age that is over 100!")

            return .failed("Cannot modify a person with an ager over 100!")
        }

        let oldName = person.name
        let oldAge = person.age
        let oldGender = person.gender

        if targetName != newName {
            personList.removeValue(forKey: targetName)
        }
        personList[newName] = PersonData(name: newName, age: newAge, gender: newGender)

        print("You just changed \(oldName)'s gender from: \(oldGender) to: \(person.gender), \(oldName)'s name from: \(oldName) to: \(person.name) and \(oldName)'s age from: \(oldAge) to: \(person.age)!")

        return .success
    }

    /// A function to delete a person from the list.
    func delete(_ targetName:String) -> Result {
        guard let _ = personList[targetName] else {
            print ("Person not found in list!")

            return .failed("Person not found in list!")
        }

        personList.removeValue(forKey: targetName)

        print("Deleted: \(targetName)!")

        return .success
    }

    /// A test function to print out the current list of people.
    func printList() {
        for (name, person) in personList {
            print ("\(name) is \(person.gender) and age \(person.age)")
        }
    }

    /// Bonus to allow you to get a persons full details using something like person[name].
    subscript(name: String) -> PersonData? {
        return personList[name]
    }
}

结果应该是：

You just created a male called: 'Isak' with the age of: '11'!
Result = Success
You just created a female called: 'Sanne' with the age of: '7'!
Sanne is female and age 7
Isak is male and age 11
Deleted: Isak!
You just changed Sanne's gender from: female to: female, Sanne's name from: Sanne to: Sanne and Sanne's age from: 7 to: 7!
New Sanne is female and age 8
New Sanne is female and age 8

我可能会更进一步，但这应该足以让你开始

---

（希望这些评论能解释发生了什么，但如果不想问的话，请随意提问）

以下是我将如何着手的开始

首先让类处理所有事情：

class Person {
    /// An enum for gender so that you can only ever use the permissable values.
    public enum Gender {
        case male
        case female
    }

    /// An enum for the results so there are defined values to check (you could add more specific errors).
    public enum Result {
        case success
        case failed(_: String)
    }

    /// A structure to hold the details of each person.
    struct PersonData {
        var name: String
        var age: UInt
        var gender: Gender
    }

    /// The internal list of people.
    private var personList: [String: PersonData] = [:]

    /// A function to create a person.
    func create(_ name: String, _ age: UInt, _ gender: Gender) -> Result {
        guard personList[name] == nil else {
            print ("Person already created!")

            return .failed("Person already created!")
        }

        guard age <= 100 else {
            print("Can't create a person with an age that is over 100!")

            return .failed("Cannot have age over 100!")
        }

        let person = PersonData(name: name, age: age, gender: gender)
        personList[name] = person

        print("You just created a \(gender) called: '\(name)' with the age of: '\(age)'!")

        return .success
    }

    /// A function to modify a persons details in the list.
    func modify(_ targetName: String, _ newName: String, _ newAge: UInt, _ newGender: Gender) -> Result {
        guard let person = personList[targetName] else {
            print ("Person not found in list!")

            return .failed("Person not found!")
        }

        guard personList[newName] == nil else {
            print ("Person already exists in list!")

            return .failed("Person already exist in the list!")
        }

        if newAge > 100 {
            print("Can't modify a person with an age that is over 100!")

            return .failed("Cannot modify a person with an ager over 100!")
        }

        let oldName = person.name
        let oldAge = person.age
        let oldGender = person.gender

        if targetName != newName {
            personList.removeValue(forKey: targetName)
        }
        personList[newName] = PersonData(name: newName, age: newAge, gender: newGender)

        print("You just changed \(oldName)'s gender from: \(oldGender) to: \(person.gender), \(oldName)'s name from: \(oldName) to: \(person.name) and \(oldName)'s age from: \(oldAge) to: \(person.age)!")

        return .success
    }

    /// A function to delete a person from the list.
    func delete(_ targetName:String) -> Result {
        guard let _ = personList[targetName] else {
            print ("Person not found in list!")

            return .failed("Person not found in list!")
        }

        personList.removeValue(forKey: targetName)

        print("Deleted: \(targetName)!")

        return .success
    }

    /// A test function to print out the current list of people.
    func printList() {
        for (name, person) in personList {
            print ("\(name) is \(person.gender) and age \(person.age)")
        }
    }

    /// Bonus to allow you to get a persons full details using something like person[name].
    subscript(name: String) -> PersonData? {
        return personList[name]
    }
}

结果应该是：

You just created a male called: 'Isak' with the age of: '11'!
Result = Success
You just created a female called: 'Sanne' with the age of: '7'!
Sanne is female and age 7
Isak is male and age 11
Deleted: Isak!
You just changed Sanne's gender from: female to: female, Sanne's name from: Sanne to: Sanne and Sanne's age from: 7 to: 7!
New Sanne is female and age 8
New Sanne is female and age 8

我可能会更进一步，但这应该足以让你开始

---

（希望这些评论能解释它是怎么回事，但如果不想问的话，请随意提问）

您不理解实例化！您仅通过p=person（）创建了person的一个实例。那么您只是在修改属性。您不了解实例化！您仅通过p=person（）创建了person的一个实例。那么你只是在修改属性。谢谢！但是有没有可能像simon.modify（modify是我做的一个函数）？@mopsikesfood当然，只要定义你想在人里面使用的函数，并在需要的时候调用它。如果我是noob，我很抱歉，但我该怎么做呢？我在persons类中创建了一些函数，但如何调用它们？为什么需要从函数中编辑项

var john=Person（姓名：“john”，年龄：20，性别.男性）

john.age=30

。您试图用单个变量来实现这一点的方式是错误的。一个人不能是多个人。您需要person对象和

person

列表。谢谢！但是有没有可能像simon.modify（modify是我做的一个函数）？@mopsikesfood当然，只要定义你想在人里面使用的函数，并在需要的时候调用它。如果我是noob，我很抱歉，但我该怎么做呢？我在persons类中创建了一些函数，但如何调用它们？为什么需要从函数中编辑项

var john=Person（姓名：“john”，年龄：20，性别.男性）

john.age=30

。您试图用单个变量来实现这一点的方式是错误的。一个人不能是多个人。您需要person对象和一个

person

列表。是的，但我想要一个persons类变量。这就是我为什么发这个帖子的原因。它给了我一个错误：“类型‘Persons’的值没有成员‘personsList’@mopsikikesfood是的，对不起，修复了。现在试试看是的，但我想