Java StyledDocument中的样式更改有时会延迟

当用户输入StyledDocument时，我尝试更改样式。因此，我将CaretListener添加到StyledDocument中，如下所示：

    package test;

    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.*;
    import java.util.HashMap;


    import javax.swing.*;
    import javax.swing.text.*;
    import javax.swing.event.*;
    import javax.swing.undo.*;

    public class TextComponentDemo extends JFrame {
JTextPane textPane;
AbstractDocument doc;
static final int MAX_CHARACTERS = 300;
JTextArea changeLog;
String newline = "\n";
HashMap<Object, Action> actions;

//undo helpers
protected UndoAction undoAction;
protected RedoAction redoAction;
protected UndoManager undo = new UndoManager();

public TextComponentDemo() {
    super("TextComponentDemo");

    //Create the text pane and configure it.
    textPane = new JTextPane();
    textPane.setCaretPosition(0);
    textPane.setMargin(new Insets(5,5,5,5));
    StyledDocument styledDoc = textPane.getStyledDocument();
    if (styledDoc instanceof AbstractDocument) {
        doc = (AbstractDocument)styledDoc;
        doc.setDocumentFilter(new DocumentSizeFilter(MAX_CHARACTERS));
    } else {
        System.err.println("Text pane's document isn't an AbstractDocument!");
        System.exit(-1);
    }
    JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textPane);
    scrollPane.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(200, 200));

    //Create the text area for the status log and configure it.
    changeLog = new JTextArea(5, 30);
    changeLog.setEditable(false);
    JScrollPane scrollPaneForLog = new JScrollPane(changeLog);

    //Create a split pane for the change log and the text area.
    JSplitPane splitPane = new JSplitPane(
                                   JSplitPane.VERTICAL_SPLIT,
                                   scrollPane, scrollPaneForLog);
    splitPane.setOneTouchExpandable(true);

    //Create the status area.
    JPanel statusPane = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 1));
    CaretListenerLabel caretListenerLabel =
            new CaretListenerLabel("Caret Status");
    statusPane.add(caretListenerLabel);

    //Add the components.
    getContentPane().add(splitPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);
    getContentPane().add(statusPane, BorderLayout.PAGE_END);

    //Set up the menu bar.
    actions=createActionTable(textPane);
    JMenu editMenu = createEditMenu();
    JMenu styleMenu = createStyleMenu();
    JMenuBar mb = new JMenuBar();
    mb.add(editMenu);
    mb.add(styleMenu);
    setJMenuBar(mb);

    //Add some key bindings.
    addBindings();

    //Put the initial text into the text pane.
    initDocument();
    textPane.setCaretPosition(0);

    //Start watching for undoable edits and caret changes.
    doc.addUndoableEditListener(new MyUndoableEditListener());
    textPane.addCaretListener(caretListenerLabel);
    doc.addDocumentListener(new MyDocumentListener());
}

//This listens for and reports caret movements.
protected class CaretListenerLabel extends JLabel
                                   implements CaretListener {
    public CaretListenerLabel(String label) {
        super(label);
    }

    //Might not be invoked from the event dispatch thread.
    public void caretUpdate(CaretEvent e) {
        StyledEditorKit kit = (StyledEditorKit)((JEditorPane)textPane).getEditorKit();
        MutableAttributeSet attr = kit.getInputAttributes();
        StyleConstants.setBold(attr, true);
        StyleConstants.setForeground(attr, Color.BLUE);

        System.out.printf("\t[Caret] %d\n", e.getDot());
        displaySelectionInfo(e.getDot(), e.getMark());
    }

    //This method can be invoked from any thread.  It 
    //invokes the setText and modelToView methods, which 
    //must run on the event dispatch thread. We use
    //invokeLater to schedule the code for execution
    //on the event dispatch thread.
    protected void displaySelectionInfo(final int dot,
                                        final int mark) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                if (dot == mark) {  // no selection
                    try {
                        Rectangle caretCoords = textPane.modelToView(dot);
                        //Convert it to view coordinates.
                        setText("caret: text position: " + dot
                                + ", view location = ["
                                + caretCoords.x + ", "
                                + caretCoords.y + "]"
                                + newline);
                    } catch (BadLocationException ble) {
                        setText("caret: text position: " + dot + newline);
                    }
                } else if (dot < mark) {
                    setText("selection from: " + dot
                            + " to " + mark + newline);
                } else {
                    setText("selection from: " + mark
                            + " to " + dot + newline);
                }
            }
        });
    }
}

//This one listens for edits that can be undone.
protected class MyUndoableEditListener
                implements UndoableEditListener {
    public void undoableEditHappened(UndoableEditEvent e) {
        //Remember the edit and update the menus.
        undo.addEdit(e.getEdit());
        undoAction.updateUndoState();
        redoAction.updateRedoState();
    }
}

//And this one listens for any changes to the document.
protected class MyDocumentListener
                implements DocumentListener {
    public void insertUpdate(DocumentEvent e) {
        displayEditInfo(e);
    }
    public void removeUpdate(DocumentEvent e) {
        displayEditInfo(e);
    }
    public void changedUpdate(DocumentEvent e) {
        displayEditInfo(e);
    }
    private void displayEditInfo(DocumentEvent e) {
        Document document = e.getDocument();
        int changeLength = e.getLength();
        changeLog.append(e.getType().toString() + ": " +
            changeLength + " character" +
            ((changeLength == 1) ? ". " : "s. ") +
            " Text length = " + document.getLength() +
            "." + newline);
    }
}

//Add a couple of emacs key bindings for navigation.
protected void addBindings() {
    InputMap inputMap = textPane.getInputMap();

    //Ctrl-b to go backward one character
    KeyStroke key = KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyEvent.VK_B, Event.CTRL_MASK);
    inputMap.put(key, DefaultEditorKit.backwardAction);

    //Ctrl-f to go forward one character
    key = KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyEvent.VK_F, Event.CTRL_MASK);
    inputMap.put(key, DefaultEditorKit.forwardAction);

    //Ctrl-p to go up one line
    key = KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyEvent.VK_P, Event.CTRL_MASK);
    inputMap.put(key, DefaultEditorKit.upAction);

    //Ctrl-n to go down one line
    key = KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyEvent.VK_N, Event.CTRL_MASK);
    inputMap.put(key, DefaultEditorKit.downAction);
}

//Create the edit menu.
protected JMenu createEditMenu() {
    JMenu menu = new JMenu("Edit");

    //Undo and redo are actions of our own creation.
    undoAction = new UndoAction();
    menu.add(undoAction);

    redoAction = new RedoAction();
    menu.add(redoAction);

    menu.addSeparator();

    //These actions come from the default editor kit.
    //Get the ones we want and stick them in the menu.
    menu.add(getActionByName(DefaultEditorKit.cutAction));
    menu.add(getActionByName(DefaultEditorKit.copyAction));
    menu.add(getActionByName(DefaultEditorKit.pasteAction));

    menu.addSeparator();

    menu.add(getActionByName(DefaultEditorKit.selectAllAction));
    return menu;
}

//Create the style menu.
protected JMenu createStyleMenu() {
    JMenu menu = new JMenu("Style");

    Action action = new StyledEditorKit.BoldAction();
    action.putValue(Action.NAME, "Bold");
    menu.add(action);

    action = new StyledEditorKit.ItalicAction();
    action.putValue(Action.NAME, "Italic");
    menu.add(action);

    action = new StyledEditorKit.UnderlineAction();
    action.putValue(Action.NAME, "Underline");
    menu.add(action);

    menu.addSeparator();

    menu.add(new StyledEditorKit.FontSizeAction("12", 12));
    menu.add(new StyledEditorKit.FontSizeAction("14", 14));
    menu.add(new StyledEditorKit.FontSizeAction("18", 18));

    menu.addSeparator();

    menu.add(new StyledEditorKit.FontFamilyAction("Serif",
                                                  "Serif"));
    menu.add(new StyledEditorKit.FontFamilyAction("SansSerif",
                                                  "SansSerif"));

    menu.addSeparator();

    menu.add(new StyledEditorKit.ForegroundAction("Red",
                                                  Color.red));
    menu.add(new StyledEditorKit.ForegroundAction("Green",
                                                  Color.green));
    menu.add(new StyledEditorKit.ForegroundAction("Blue",
                                                  Color.blue));
    menu.add(new StyledEditorKit.ForegroundAction("Black",
                                                  Color.black));

    return menu;
}

protected void initDocument() {
    String initString[] =
            { "Use the mouse to place the caret.",
              "Use the edit menu to cut, copy, paste, and select text.",
              "Also to undo and redo changes.",
              "Use the style menu to change the style of the text.",
              "Use the arrow keys on the keyboard or these emacs key bindings to move the caret:",
              "Ctrl-f, Ctrl-b, Ctrl-n, Ctrl-p." };

    SimpleAttributeSet[] attrs = initAttributes(initString.length);

    try {
        for (int i = 0; i < initString.length; i ++) {
            doc.insertString(doc.getLength(), initString[i] + newline,
                    attrs[i]);
        }
    } catch (BadLocationException ble) {
        System.err.println("Couldn't insert initial text.");
    }
}

protected SimpleAttributeSet[] initAttributes(int length) {
    //Hard-code some attributes.
    SimpleAttributeSet[] attrs = new SimpleAttributeSet[length];

    attrs[0] = new SimpleAttributeSet();
    StyleConstants.setFontFamily(attrs[0], "SansSerif");
    StyleConstants.setFontSize(attrs[0], 16);

    attrs[1] = new SimpleAttributeSet(attrs[0]);
    StyleConstants.setBold(attrs[1], true);

    attrs[2] = new SimpleAttributeSet(attrs[0]);
    StyleConstants.setItalic(attrs[2], true);

    attrs[3] = new SimpleAttributeSet(attrs[0]);
    StyleConstants.setFontSize(attrs[3], 20);

    attrs[4] = new SimpleAttributeSet(attrs[0]);
    StyleConstants.setFontSize(attrs[4], 12);

    attrs[5] = new SimpleAttributeSet(attrs[0]);
    StyleConstants.setForeground(attrs[5], Color.red);

    return attrs;
}

//The following two methods allow us to find an
//action provided by the editor kit by its name.
private HashMap<Object, Action> createActionTable(JTextComponent textComponent) {
    HashMap<Object, Action> actions = new HashMap<Object, Action>();
    Action[] actionsArray = textComponent.getActions();
    for (int i = 0; i < actionsArray.length; i++) {
        Action a = actionsArray[i];
        actions.put(a.getValue(Action.NAME), a);
    }
return actions;
}

private Action getActionByName(String name) {
    return actions.get(name);
}

class UndoAction extends AbstractAction {
    public UndoAction() {
        super("Undo");
        setEnabled(false);
    }

    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        try {
            undo.undo();
        } catch (CannotUndoException ex) {
            System.out.println("Unable to undo: " + ex);
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
        updateUndoState();
        redoAction.updateRedoState();
    }

    protected void updateUndoState() {
        if (undo.canUndo()) {
            setEnabled(true);
            putValue(Action.NAME, undo.getUndoPresentationName());
        } else {
            setEnabled(false);
            putValue(Action.NAME, "Undo");
        }
    }
}

class RedoAction extends AbstractAction {
    public RedoAction() {
        super("Redo");
        setEnabled(false);
    }

    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        try {
            undo.redo();
        } catch (CannotRedoException ex) {
            System.out.println("Unable to redo: " + ex);
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
        updateRedoState();
        undoAction.updateUndoState();
    }

    protected void updateRedoState() {
        if (undo.canRedo()) {
            setEnabled(true);
            putValue(Action.NAME, undo.getRedoPresentationName());
        } else {
            setEnabled(false);
            putValue(Action.NAME, "Redo");
        }
    }
}

/**
 * Create the GUI and show it.  For thread safety,
 * this method should be invoked from the
 * event dispatch thread.
 */
private static void createAndShowGUI() {
    //Create and set up the window.
    final TextComponentDemo frame = new TextComponentDemo();
    frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    //Display the window.
    frame.pack();
    frame.setVisible(true);
}

//The standard main method.
public static void main(String[] args) {
    //Schedule a job for the event dispatch thread:
    //creating and showing this application's GUI.
    SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
        public void run() {
            //Turn off metal's use of bold fonts
        UIManager.put("swing.boldMetal", Boolean.FALSE);
    createAndShowGUI();
        }
    });
}
}

但风格的改变有时会在一个字符给出后生效，这意味着第二个字符将如我所愿使用粗体+蓝色。 从上图来看，第一个a将遵循前一个位置的样式，第二个a将具有我希望的样式。 有人遇到过这个问题吗？或者我应该如何解决这个问题

---

非常感谢

您提供的代码看起来不错。问题存在于您未发布的代码中。我使用swing教程中的示例，并对其进行修改，以更改CaretListener中的样式：