Java 在JFrame上动态更改JPanel的问题

我有一个JFrame，它使用BorderLayout作为布局管理器。 我也有两个面板在这个JFrame上，在中间和南部的位置。 在某些用户操作中（实际上，当用户按下底部面板上的“下一步”时），面板的中心位置会动态更改

守则如下：

private void switchToPanelByState(State state)
{
    this.getContentPane().removeAll();

    JPanel panel = _panels.get(state);
    this.getContentPane().add(panel, BorderLayout.CENTER);

    this.getContentPane().add(_controlPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
    this.pack();
}

问题是，在对面板进行一些更改之后，“旧”（来自以前的面板）GUI元素的部分将出现在当前面板上

我还不时看到以下例外情况：

Exception in thread "AWT-EventQueue-0" java.lang.NullPointerException
        at javax.swing.JComponent._paintImmediately(Unknown Source)
        at javax.swing.JComponent.paintImmediately(Unknown Source)
        at javax.swing.RepaintManager.paintDirtyRegions(Unknown Source)
        at javax.swing.RepaintManager.paintDirtyRegions(Unknown Source)
        at javax.swing.RepaintManager.seqPaintDirtyRegions(Unknown Source)
        at javax.swing.SystemEventQueueUtilities$ComponentWorkRequest.run(Unknown Source)
        at java.awt.event.InvocationEvent.dispatch(Unknown Source)
        at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source)
        at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpOneEventForFilters(Unknown Source)
        at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForFilter(Unknown Source)
        at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForHierarchy(Unknown Source)
        at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(Unknown Source)
        at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(Unknown Source)
        at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.run(Unknown Source)
Exception in thread "AWT-EventQueue-0" java.lang.NullPointerException
        at javax.swing.JComponent._paintImmediately(Unknown Source)
        at javax.swing.JComponent.paintImmediately(Unknown Source)
        at javax.swing.RepaintManager.paintDirtyRegions(Unknown Source)
        at javax.swing.RepaintManager.paintDirtyRegions(Unknown Source)
        at javax.swing.RepaintManager.seqPaintDirtyRegions(Unknown Source)
        at javax.swing.SystemEventQueueUtilities$ComponentWorkRequest.run(Unknown Source)
        at java.awt.event.InvocationEvent.dispatch(Unknown Source)
        at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source)
        at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpOneEventForFilters(Unknown Source)
        at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForFilter(Unknown Source)
        at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForHierarchy(Unknown Source)
        at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(Unknown Source)
        at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(Unknown Source)
        at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.run(Unknown Source)

但我不知道这是否与问题有关

这些问题的可能根源是什么？ 任何建议都将不胜感激。

只接受中央

区域的一个
，那么就没有理由
删除（）/removeAll（）
；您的代码应如下所示：

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import javax.swing.*;

public class MyFrame extends JFrame {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    public MyFrame() {
        final JPanel parentPanel = new JPanel();
        parentPanel.setLayout(new BorderLayout(10, 10));
        JButton myButton = new JButton("Add Component ");
        myButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {

            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                JPanel childPanel1 = new JPanel();
                childPanel1.setBackground(Color.red);
                childPanel1.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(300, 40));
                JPanel childPanel2 = new JPanel();
                childPanel2.setBackground(Color.blue);
                childPanel2.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(800, 600));

                parentPanel.add(childPanel1, BorderLayout.NORTH);
                parentPanel.add(childPanel2, BorderLayout.CENTER);

                parentPanel.revalidate();
                parentPanel.repaint();

                pack();
            }
        });
        setTitle("My Empty Frame");
        setLocation(10, 200);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        parentPanel.add(myButton, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        add(parentPanel);
        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {

            @Override
            public void run() {
                MyFrame myFrame = new MyFrame();
            }
        });
    }
}

或者直接

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import javax.swing.*;

public class MyFrame extends JFrame {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    private JPanel childPanel1 = new JPanel();
    private JPanel childPanel2 = new JPanel();
    private JPanel childPanel3 = new JPanel();

    public MyFrame() {
        childPanel1.setBackground(Color.red);
        childPanel1.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(300, 40));
        childPanel2.setBackground(Color.blue);
        childPanel2.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(300, 40));
        childPanel3.setBackground(Color.yellow);
        childPanel3.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(300, 40));

        JButton myButton = new JButton("Add Component ");
        myButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {

            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                add(childPanel2, BorderLayout.CENTER);
                pack();
            }
        });

        setTitle("My Empty Frame");
        setLocation(10, 200);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        add(childPanel3, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        add(myButton, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {

            @Override
            public void run() {
                MyFrame myFrame = new MyFrame();
            }
        });
    }
} 

2） 没有人知道参数
状态是什么，如果不知道，就不可能回答这个问题

3） 我可以模拟RepaitManager的异常，当CustomPaint比本机OS的延迟快时
mKorbel，谢谢你的回答。不幸的是，JFrame（this）和容器（contentpane）都没有方法revalidate。至于“状态”-它只是在HashMap中找到正确面板的一个键。这个答案是错误的-正确的是BorderLayout只显示最后添加的组件（在其每个约束区域中），但是：所有以前添加的具有相同约束的组件仍然是容器的子组件。顺便说一句：请不要在答案中乱扔只是略有不同的变量-选择一个（最简单的，这里是第二个，只有两个childPanel字段）并坚持它。每当我看到removeAll（）方法时，首先想到的是你应该使用一个。