Java 如何模拟KerberosTicket实例？

出于单元测试的目的，我想为javax.security.auth.kerberos.KerberosTicket实例提供一个模拟。我尝试使用Mockito和PowerMockito，但都失败了，出现了类似的消息：

org.mockito.exceptions.misusing.MissingMethodInvocationException: 
when() requires an argument which has to be 'a method call on a mock'.
For example:
    when(mock.getArticles()).thenReturn(articles);

Also, this error might show up because:
1. you stub either of: final/private/equals()/hashCode() methods.
   Those methods *cannot* be stubbed/verified.
2. inside when() you don't call method on mock but on some other object.

添加@RunWith和@PrepareForTest注释会导致以下LinkageException：

java.lang.LinkageError:
  loader constraint violation: 
  when resolving method "sun.security.jgss.krb5.Krb5Util.getTicketFromSubjectAndTgs(ILjava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/security/AccessControlContext;)Ljavax/security/auth/kerberos/KerberosTicket;"
  the class loader (instance of org/powermock/core/classloader/MockClassLoader) of the current class, 
  org/epo/security/spnego/impl/KerberosUtilsTest, and the class loader (instance of <bootloader>) 
  for resolved class, sun/security/jgss/krb5/Krb5Util, have different Class objects 
  for the type javax/security/auth/kerberos/KerberosTicket used in the signature

@PrepareForTest（{KerberosTicket.class}） 公共级KerberosUtilsTest{

@Test
public void testGetTicketFromSubjectAndTgs() throws LoginException, KrbException, IOException {
    PowerMockito.mockStatic(Krb5Util.class);
    KerberosTicket kerberosTicketMock = PowerMockito.mock(KerberosTicket.class);

    AccessControlContext controlContext = AccessController.getContext();

    // Causes the LinkageError to be thrown
    when(Krb5Util.getTicketFromSubjectAndTgs(-1, "test", "test", "test", controlContext)).thenReturn(
                kerberosTicketMock);

    KerberosTicket actual = new KerberosUtils().getTicketFromSubjectAndTgs(-1, "test", "test", "test",
                controlContext);

    assertEquals(kerberosTicketMock, actual);
}

搜索internet发现，可以通过更改注释来修复LinkageError，如下所示：

@PowerMockIgnore({"sun.security.jgss.krb5.Krb5Util", "javax.security.auth.kerberos.KerberosTicket"})
@PrepareForTest({KerberosUtils.class})
@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)

运行此命令让我回到原点：

org.mockito.exceptions.misusing.MissingMethodInvocationException: 
when() requires an argument which has to be 'a method call on a mock'.
For example:
    when(mock.getArticles()).thenReturn(articles);

Also, this error might show up because:
1. you stub either of: final/private/equals()/hashCode() methods.
   Those methods *cannot* be stubbed/verified.
2. inside when() you don't call method on mock but on some other object.

---

有人对此有解决方案吗？

KerberosTicket的大多数方法都是

final

，但是PowerMockito应该能够模拟它们

别忘了按照PowerMockito的要求对测试类进行注释，以模拟

final

方法

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest(KerberosTicket.class)

并在测试中使用

PowerMockito

而不是

Mockito

KerberosTicket mock = PowerMockito.mock(KerberosTicket.class);
PowerMockit.when(mock.getAuthTime().thenReturn(...);

---

KerberosTicket

的大多数方法都是

final

，但是PowerMockito应该能够模拟它们

别忘了按照PowerMockito的要求对测试类进行注释，以模拟

final

方法

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest(KerberosTicket.class)

并在测试中使用

PowerMockito

而不是

Mockito

KerberosTicket mock = PowerMockito.mock(KerberosTicket.class);
PowerMockit.when(mock.getAuthTime().thenReturn(...);

---

感谢您的回复。我已经添加了RunWith和PrepareForTest，但遇到了不同的错误，这就是我开始删除它们的原因。再次添加它们会产生以下错误：java.lang.LinkageError:loader约束冲突：解析方法“sun.security.jgss.krb5.Krb5Util.getTicketFromSubjectAndTgs”时（ILjava/lang/String；Ljava/lang/String；Ljava/lang/String；Ljava/security/AccessControlContext；）Ljavax/security/auth/kerberos/KerberosTicket；“当前类的类加载器（org/powermock/core/classloader/MockClassLoader实例）、org/epo/security/spnego/impl/KerberosUtilsTest和类加载器（的实例）对于解析类sun/security/jgss/krb5/Krb5Util，签名中使用了不同类型的类对象javax/security/auth/kerberos/KerberosTicket，我已将测试代码添加到问题中。感谢您的回答。我已经添加了RunWith和prepareForest，但遇到了不同的错误，这就是我开始删除它们的原因。重新添加它们再次给出此错误：java.lang.LinkageError:loader约束冲突：解析方法“sun.security.jgss.krb5.Krb5Util.getTicketFromSubjectAndTgs（ILjava/lang/String；Ljava/lang/String；Ljava/security/AccessControlContext；）Ljavax/security/auth/kerberos/KerberosTicket；”类加载器当前类的（org/powermock/core/classloader/MockClassLoader的实例）、org/epo/security/spnego/impl/KerberosUtilsTest和类加载器（的实例）对于解析类sun/security/jgss/krb5/Krb5Util，在签名中使用了javax/security/auth/kerberos/KerberosTicket类型的不同类对象，我已将测试代码添加到问题中。