Java libgdx中的多维数据集批处理问题
我正试图开发一个游戏，我在屏幕上渲染多达300个立方体。当为每个多维数据集创建新的modelInstance时，modelBatch的性能非常糟糕。据我所知，没有3d批处理将所有立方体批处理到一个绘图调用。所以我拼命地想把它们分批 这个问题与这个问题直接相关： 答案是成功地批量处理了所有的立方体，但当添加环境以获得一些照明时，立方体似乎缺少了边，或者其他地方出了问题 这是一张照片： 这是我的多维数据集类（基本上是从上面的答案复制过来的）Java libgdx中的多维数据集批处理问题,java,api,3d,libgdx,batching,Java,Api,3d,Libgdx,Batching,我正试图开发一个游戏，我在屏幕上渲染多达300个立方体。当为每个多维数据集创建新的modelInstance时，modelBatch的性能非常糟糕。据我所知，没有3d批处理将所有立方体批处理到一个绘图调用。所以我拼命地想把它们分批 这个问题与这个问题直接相关： 答案是成功地批量处理了所有的立方体，但当添加环境以获得一些照明时，立方体似乎缺少了边，或者其他地方出了问题 这是一张照片： 这是我的多维数据集类（基本上是从上面的答案复制过来的） 公共类多维数据集{ 整数指数； int vertexFl
公共类多维数据集{
整数指数；
int vertexFloatSize；
int-posOffset；
int-norOffset；
布尔色；
int-colOffset；
私有向量3位置=新向量3（）；
私有Matrix4 rotationTransform=新Matrix4（）.idt（）；
专用颜色=新颜色（）；
公共浮动半宽、半高、半深；
私有布尔值=false；
私有布尔colorDirty=false；
静态最终矢量3=新矢量3（）；
静态最终矢量3角010=新矢量3（）；
静态最终矢量3角100=新矢量3（）；
静态最终矢量3角110=新矢量3（）；
静态最终矢量3 CORNER001=新矢量3（）；
静态最终矢量3 CORNER011=新矢量3（）；
静态最终矢量3 CORNER101=新矢量3（）；
静态最终矢量3=新矢量3（）；
静态最终矢量3[]面0={CORNER000，CORNER100，CORNER110，CORNER010}；
静态最终矢量3[]面1={CORNER101，CORNER001，CORNER011，CORNER111}；
静态最终矢量3[]面2={CORNER000，CORNER010，CORNER011，CORNER001}；
静态最终矢量3[]面3={CORNER101，CORNER111，CORNER110，CORNER100}；
静态最终矢量3[]面4={CORNER101，CORNER100，CORNER000，CORNER001}；
静态最终矢量3[]面5={CORNER110，CORNER111，CORNER011，CORNER010}；
静态最终向量3[][]面={FACE0，FACE1，FACE2，FACE3，FACE4，FACE5}；
静态最终向量3 NORMAL0=新向量3（）；
静态最终向量3 NORMAL1=新向量3（）；
静态最终矢量3法线2=新矢量3（）；
静态最终向量3 NORMAL3=新向量3（）；
静态最终向量3 NORMAL4=新向量3（）；
静态最终向量3 NORMAL5=新向量3（）；
静态最终向量3[]法线={NORMAL0，NORMAL1，NORMAL2，NORMAL3，NORMAL4，NORMAL5}；
浮动[]网格顶点；
公共多维数据集（浮点x、浮点y、浮点z、浮点宽度、浮点高度、浮点深度、整数索引、，
顶点属性顶点属性，浮点[]网格顶点）{
位置设置（x，y，z）；
此值为0.halfWidth=宽度/2；
这一点。半高=高度/2；
此值为0.halfDepth=深度/2；
这个指数=指数；
this.meshVertices=网格顶点；
NORMAL0.set（0,0，-1）；
NORMAL1.set（0,0,1）；
NORMAL2.set（-1,0,0）；
NORMAL3.set（1,0,0）；
NORMAL4.set（0，-1,0）；
NORMAL5.set（0,1,0）；
vertexFloatSize=vertexAttributes.vertexSize/4；//每个浮点4字节
posOffset=getVertexAttribute（用法.Position，VertexAttribute）.offset/4；
norOffset=getVertexAttribute（Usage.Normal，vertexAttribute）.offset/4；
VertexAttribute colorAttribute=getVertexAttribute（用法.Color，VertexAttribute）；
hasColor=colorAttribute！=null；
如果（hasColor）{
colOffset=colorAttribute.offset/4；
这个.setColor（Color.WHITE）；
}
transformDirty=true；
}
公共空心集合尺寸（浮动x、浮动y、浮动z）{
这个半宽度=x/2；
这个半高=y/2；
这个半深=z/2；
}
公共void集合索引（int索引）{
这个指数=指数；
transformDirty=true；
colorDirty=true；
}
/**
*移动和/或旋转后调用此选项。
*/
公共无效更新（）{
if（colorDirty&&hasColor）{
对于（int faceIndex=0；faceIndex，我发现了几个问题：
已禁用混合和/或着色器未设置alpha值
你不是在剔除背面
因此，在创建新材质时，不要仅使用新材质（）
，而要使用：
new Material(
IntAttribute.createCullFace(GL20.GL_FRONT),//For some reason, libgdx ModelBuilder makes boxes with faces wound in reverse, so cull FRONT
new BlendingAttribute(1f), //opaque since multiplied by vertex color
new DepthTestAttribute(false), //don't want depth mask or rear cubes might not show through
ColorAttribute.createDiffuse(Color.WHITE) //white since multiplied by vertex color
);
您还需要按距离摄影机的距离对立方体进行排序，以使其Alpha正确分层。这是一个支持排序的更新立方体类。它必须能够独立于顶点数组跟踪颜色，以防其索引更改：
public class Cube implements Comparable<Cube>{
private int index;
int vertexFloatSize;
int posOffset;
int norOffset;
boolean hasColor;
int colOffset;
private Vector3 position = new Vector3();
private Matrix4 rotationTransform = new Matrix4().idt();
public float halfWidth, halfHeight, halfDepth;
private boolean transformDirty = false;
private boolean colorDirty = false;
private Color color = new Color();
float camDistSquared;
static final Vector3 CORNER000 = new Vector3();
static final Vector3 CORNER010 = new Vector3();
static final Vector3 CORNER100 = new Vector3();
static final Vector3 CORNER110 = new Vector3();
static final Vector3 CORNER001 = new Vector3();
static final Vector3 CORNER011 = new Vector3();
static final Vector3 CORNER101 = new Vector3();
static final Vector3 CORNER111 = new Vector3();
static final Vector3[] FACE0 = {CORNER000, CORNER100, CORNER110, CORNER010};
static final Vector3[] FACE1 = {CORNER101, CORNER001, CORNER011, CORNER111};
static final Vector3[] FACE2 = {CORNER000, CORNER010, CORNER011, CORNER001};
static final Vector3[] FACE3 = {CORNER101, CORNER111, CORNER110, CORNER100};
static final Vector3[] FACE4 = {CORNER101, CORNER100, CORNER000, CORNER001};
static final Vector3[] FACE5 = {CORNER110, CORNER111, CORNER011, CORNER010};
static final Vector3[][] FACES = {FACE0, FACE1, FACE2, FACE3, FACE4, FACE5};
static final Vector3 NORMAL0 = new Vector3();
static final Vector3 NORMAL1 = new Vector3();
static final Vector3 NORMAL2 = new Vector3();
static final Vector3 NORMAL3 = new Vector3();
static final Vector3 NORMAL4 = new Vector3();
static final Vector3 NORMAL5 = new Vector3();
static final Vector3[] NORMALS = {NORMAL0, NORMAL1, NORMAL2, NORMAL3, NORMAL4, NORMAL5};
public Cube(float x, float y, float z, float width, float height, float depth, int index,
VertexAttributes vertexAttributes, float[] meshVertices){
position.set(x,y,z);
this.halfWidth = width/2;
this.halfHeight = height/2;
this.halfDepth = depth/2;
this.index = index;
vertexFloatSize = vertexAttributes.vertexSize/4; //4 bytes per float
posOffset = getVertexAttribute(Usage.Position, vertexAttributes).offset/4;
norOffset = getVertexAttribute(Usage.Normal, vertexAttributes).offset/4;
VertexAttribute colorAttribute = getVertexAttribute(Usage.Color, vertexAttributes);
hasColor = colorAttribute!=null;
if (hasColor){
colOffset = colorAttribute.offset/4;
this.setColor(Color.WHITE, meshVertices);
}
transformDirty = true;
}
public void updateCameraDistance(Camera cam){
camDistSquared = cam.position.dst2(position);
}
/**
* Call this after moving and/or rotating.
*/
public void update(float[] meshVertices){
if (transformDirty){
transformDirty = false;
CORNER000.set(-halfWidth,-halfHeight,-halfDepth).rot(rotationTransform).add(position);
CORNER010.set(-halfWidth,halfHeight,-halfDepth).rot(rotationTransform).add(position);
CORNER100.set(halfWidth,-halfHeight,-halfDepth).rot(rotationTransform).add(position);
CORNER110.set(halfWidth,halfHeight,-halfDepth).rot(rotationTransform).add(position);
CORNER001.set(-halfWidth,-halfHeight,halfDepth).rot(rotationTransform).add(position);
CORNER011.set(-halfWidth,halfHeight,halfDepth).rot(rotationTransform).add(position);
CORNER101.set(halfWidth,-halfHeight,halfDepth).rot(rotationTransform).add(position);
CORNER111.set(halfWidth,halfHeight,halfDepth).rot(rotationTransform).add(position);
NORMAL0.set(0,0,-1).rot(rotationTransform);
NORMAL1.set(0,0,1).rot(rotationTransform);
NORMAL2.set(-1,0,0).rot(rotationTransform);
NORMAL3.set(1,0,0).rot(rotationTransform);
NORMAL4.set(0,-1,0).rot(rotationTransform);
NORMAL5.set(0,1,0).rot(rotationTransform);
for (int faceIndex= 0; faceIndex<6; faceIndex++){
int baseVertexIndex = (index*24 + faceIndex*4)*vertexFloatSize;//24 unique vertices per cube, 4 unique vertices per face
for (int cornerIndex=0; cornerIndex<4; cornerIndex++){
int vertexIndex = baseVertexIndex + cornerIndex*vertexFloatSize + posOffset;
meshVertices[vertexIndex] = FACES[faceIndex][cornerIndex].x;
meshVertices[++vertexIndex] = FACES[faceIndex][cornerIndex].y;
meshVertices[++vertexIndex] = FACES[faceIndex][cornerIndex].z;
vertexIndex = baseVertexIndex + cornerIndex*vertexFloatSize + norOffset;
meshVertices[vertexIndex] = NORMALS[faceIndex].x;
meshVertices[++vertexIndex] = NORMALS[faceIndex].y;
meshVertices[++vertexIndex] = NORMALS[faceIndex].z;
}
}
}
if (colorDirty){
colorDirty = false;
for (int faceIndex= 0; faceIndex<6; faceIndex++){
int baseVertexIndex = (index*24 + faceIndex*4)*vertexFloatSize;//24 unique vertices per cube, 4 unique vertices per face
for (int cornerIndex=0; cornerIndex<4; cornerIndex++){
int vertexIndex = baseVertexIndex + cornerIndex*vertexFloatSize + colOffset;
meshVertices[vertexIndex] = color.r;
meshVertices[++vertexIndex] = color.g;
meshVertices[++vertexIndex] = color.b;
meshVertices[++vertexIndex] = color.a;
}
}
}
}
public Cube setColor(Color color, float[] meshVertices){
if (hasColor){
this.color.set(color);
colorDirty = true;
}
return this;
}
public void setIndex(int index){
if (this.index != index){
transformDirty = true;
colorDirty = true;
this.index = index;
}
}
public Cube translate(float x, float y, float z){
position.add(x,y,z);
transformDirty = true;
return this;
}
public Cube translateTo(float x, float y, float z){
position.set(x,y,z);
transformDirty = true;
return this;
}
public Cube rotate(float axisX, float axisY, float axisZ, float degrees){
rotationTransform.rotate(axisX, axisY, axisZ, degrees);
transformDirty = true;
return this;
}
public Cube rotateTo(float axisX, float axisY, float axisZ, float degrees){
rotationTransform.idt();
rotationTransform.rotate(axisX, axisY, axisZ, degrees);
transformDirty = true;
return this;
}
public VertexAttribute getVertexAttribute (int usage, VertexAttributes attributes) {
int len = attributes.size();
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
if (attributes.get(i).usage == usage) return attributes.get(i);
return null;
}
@Override
public int compareTo(Cube other) {
//the cube has a lower index than a cube that is closer to the camera
if (camDistSquared>other.camDistSquared)
return -1;
return camDistSquared<other.camDistSquared ? 1 : 0;
}
}
非常感谢你的回答。情况好多了。不过我注意到了另一个问题。我更新了我的问题。你能看一看吗？在接受你的回答之前，你想让我再加一笔赏金吗？假设地板应该是透明的，你需要将它排序到立方体的中间。因为它有不同的尺寸，我需要为地板上方和下方的立方体制作单独的模型可能是最简单的。然后按从远到近的顺序提交三个模型。但是如果你的地板不透明，那么你只需要在绘制透明材料之前绘制它。透明材料的问题是，你永远不能依赖深度测试……你必须绘制所有这些都是从远到近的。不能回到中间插入一些东西。如果地板与多个立方体相交，你可能需要把它分解成六个单独的矩形，然后把立方体层分解成更多的模型，这样你就可以按顺序适当地画出它们。让我们暂时忘记透明度。eo是完全不透明的。它们按照你所说的方式对每一帧进行排序。如果我对深度测试的理解至少有一点正确，我认为没有进行深度测试。在视频中，一些立方体应该穿过大平面的一半。你看不到发生这种情况，它们要么被完全画在大平面的前面，要么在大平面的中间根本没有绘制。我给你的这条线：newdepthTestAttribute（false）
关闭深度测试。如果绘制透明立方体，你必须关闭深度测试。啊，完全错过了。Fina
new Material(
IntAttribute.createCullFace(GL20.GL_FRONT),//For some reason, libgdx ModelBuilder makes boxes with faces wound in reverse, so cull FRONT
new BlendingAttribute(1f), //opaque since multiplied by vertex color
new DepthTestAttribute(false), //don't want depth mask or rear cubes might not show through
ColorAttribute.createDiffuse(Color.WHITE) //white since multiplied by vertex color
);
public class Cube implements Comparable<Cube>{
private int index;
int vertexFloatSize;
int posOffset;
int norOffset;
boolean hasColor;
int colOffset;
private Vector3 position = new Vector3();
private Matrix4 rotationTransform = new Matrix4().idt();
public float halfWidth, halfHeight, halfDepth;
private boolean transformDirty = false;
private boolean colorDirty = false;
private Color color = new Color();
float camDistSquared;
static final Vector3 CORNER000 = new Vector3();
static final Vector3 CORNER010 = new Vector3();
static final Vector3 CORNER100 = new Vector3();
static final Vector3 CORNER110 = new Vector3();
static final Vector3 CORNER001 = new Vector3();
static final Vector3 CORNER011 = new Vector3();
static final Vector3 CORNER101 = new Vector3();
static final Vector3 CORNER111 = new Vector3();
static final Vector3[] FACE0 = {CORNER000, CORNER100, CORNER110, CORNER010};
static final Vector3[] FACE1 = {CORNER101, CORNER001, CORNER011, CORNER111};
static final Vector3[] FACE2 = {CORNER000, CORNER010, CORNER011, CORNER001};
static final Vector3[] FACE3 = {CORNER101, CORNER111, CORNER110, CORNER100};
static final Vector3[] FACE4 = {CORNER101, CORNER100, CORNER000, CORNER001};
static final Vector3[] FACE5 = {CORNER110, CORNER111, CORNER011, CORNER010};
static final Vector3[][] FACES = {FACE0, FACE1, FACE2, FACE3, FACE4, FACE5};
static final Vector3 NORMAL0 = new Vector3();
static final Vector3 NORMAL1 = new Vector3();
static final Vector3 NORMAL2 = new Vector3();
static final Vector3 NORMAL3 = new Vector3();
static final Vector3 NORMAL4 = new Vector3();
static final Vector3 NORMAL5 = new Vector3();
static final Vector3[] NORMALS = {NORMAL0, NORMAL1, NORMAL2, NORMAL3, NORMAL4, NORMAL5};
public Cube(float x, float y, float z, float width, float height, float depth, int index,
VertexAttributes vertexAttributes, float[] meshVertices){
position.set(x,y,z);
this.halfWidth = width/2;
this.halfHeight = height/2;
this.halfDepth = depth/2;
this.index = index;
vertexFloatSize = vertexAttributes.vertexSize/4; //4 bytes per float
posOffset = getVertexAttribute(Usage.Position, vertexAttributes).offset/4;
norOffset = getVertexAttribute(Usage.Normal, vertexAttributes).offset/4;
VertexAttribute colorAttribute = getVertexAttribute(Usage.Color, vertexAttributes);
hasColor = colorAttribute!=null;
if (hasColor){
colOffset = colorAttribute.offset/4;
this.setColor(Color.WHITE, meshVertices);
}
transformDirty = true;
}
public void updateCameraDistance(Camera cam){
camDistSquared = cam.position.dst2(position);
}
/**
* Call this after moving and/or rotating.
*/
public void update(float[] meshVertices){
if (transformDirty){
transformDirty = false;
CORNER000.set(-halfWidth,-halfHeight,-halfDepth).rot(rotationTransform).add(position);
CORNER010.set(-halfWidth,halfHeight,-halfDepth).rot(rotationTransform).add(position);
CORNER100.set(halfWidth,-halfHeight,-halfDepth).rot(rotationTransform).add(position);
CORNER110.set(halfWidth,halfHeight,-halfDepth).rot(rotationTransform).add(position);
CORNER001.set(-halfWidth,-halfHeight,halfDepth).rot(rotationTransform).add(position);
CORNER011.set(-halfWidth,halfHeight,halfDepth).rot(rotationTransform).add(position);
CORNER101.set(halfWidth,-halfHeight,halfDepth).rot(rotationTransform).add(position);
CORNER111.set(halfWidth,halfHeight,halfDepth).rot(rotationTransform).add(position);
NORMAL0.set(0,0,-1).rot(rotationTransform);
NORMAL1.set(0,0,1).rot(rotationTransform);
NORMAL2.set(-1,0,0).rot(rotationTransform);
NORMAL3.set(1,0,0).rot(rotationTransform);
NORMAL4.set(0,-1,0).rot(rotationTransform);
NORMAL5.set(0,1,0).rot(rotationTransform);
for (int faceIndex= 0; faceIndex<6; faceIndex++){
int baseVertexIndex = (index*24 + faceIndex*4)*vertexFloatSize;//24 unique vertices per cube, 4 unique vertices per face
for (int cornerIndex=0; cornerIndex<4; cornerIndex++){
int vertexIndex = baseVertexIndex + cornerIndex*vertexFloatSize + posOffset;
meshVertices[vertexIndex] = FACES[faceIndex][cornerIndex].x;
meshVertices[++vertexIndex] = FACES[faceIndex][cornerIndex].y;
meshVertices[++vertexIndex] = FACES[faceIndex][cornerIndex].z;
vertexIndex = baseVertexIndex + cornerIndex*vertexFloatSize + norOffset;
meshVertices[vertexIndex] = NORMALS[faceIndex].x;
meshVertices[++vertexIndex] = NORMALS[faceIndex].y;
meshVertices[++vertexIndex] = NORMALS[faceIndex].z;
}
}
}
if (colorDirty){
colorDirty = false;
for (int faceIndex= 0; faceIndex<6; faceIndex++){
int baseVertexIndex = (index*24 + faceIndex*4)*vertexFloatSize;//24 unique vertices per cube, 4 unique vertices per face
for (int cornerIndex=0; cornerIndex<4; cornerIndex++){
int vertexIndex = baseVertexIndex + cornerIndex*vertexFloatSize + colOffset;
meshVertices[vertexIndex] = color.r;
meshVertices[++vertexIndex] = color.g;
meshVertices[++vertexIndex] = color.b;
meshVertices[++vertexIndex] = color.a;
}
}
}
}
public Cube setColor(Color color, float[] meshVertices){
if (hasColor){
this.color.set(color);
colorDirty = true;
}
return this;
}
public void setIndex(int index){
if (this.index != index){
transformDirty = true;
colorDirty = true;
this.index = index;
}
}
public Cube translate(float x, float y, float z){
position.add(x,y,z);
transformDirty = true;
return this;
}
public Cube translateTo(float x, float y, float z){
position.set(x,y,z);
transformDirty = true;
return this;
}
public Cube rotate(float axisX, float axisY, float axisZ, float degrees){
rotationTransform.rotate(axisX, axisY, axisZ, degrees);
transformDirty = true;
return this;
}
public Cube rotateTo(float axisX, float axisY, float axisZ, float degrees){
rotationTransform.idt();
rotationTransform.rotate(axisX, axisY, axisZ, degrees);
transformDirty = true;
return this;
}
public VertexAttribute getVertexAttribute (int usage, VertexAttributes attributes) {
int len = attributes.size();
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
if (attributes.get(i).usage == usage) return attributes.get(i);
return null;
}
@Override
public int compareTo(Cube other) {
//the cube has a lower index than a cube that is closer to the camera
if (camDistSquared>other.camDistSquared)
return -1;
return camDistSquared<other.camDistSquared ? 1 : 0;
}
}
for (Cube cube : mBatchedCubes){
cube.updateCameraDistance(camera);
}
mBatchedCubes.sort();
int index = 0;
for (Cube cube : mBatchedCubes){
cube.setIndex(index++);
}