Java Hibernate事务管理器性能问题

我目前在Hibernate中遇到性能问题

用于执行SQL语句，例如。从表中选择*时，只需大约90毫秒就可以获取10条12列的记录

但是，对于hibernate来说，在DAO类中运行以下java代码

List<T> afterGetAll = getSessionFactory().getCurrentSession().createCriteria(type).list();

事实证明，在执行仅调用DAO的服务的控制器类和通过hibernate执行语句之间，执行时间相差近10倍

更新2

我尝试添加一些毫秒时间戳来跟踪哪个进程花费了大部分时间。后来，我发现在将hibernate事务公开为jdbc事务和在每次服务操作后提交事务上花费的时间最多。下面列出了统计查找日志

2015-10-15 18:00:13,768 DEBUG HibernateTransactionManager:448 - Preparing JDBC Connection of Hibernate Session [SessionImpl(PersistenceContext[entityKeys=[],collectionKeys=[]];ActionQueue[insertions=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@2b237512 updates=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@24db06de deletions=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@279febb9 orphanRemovals=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@742cd301 collectionCreations=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@2ad1223d collectionRemovals=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@81ee8c1 collectionUpdates=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@2542db11 collectionQueuedOps=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@483c4c33 unresolvedInsertDependencies=UnresolvedEntityInsertActions[]])]
2015-10-15 18:00:13,847 DEBUG HibernateTransactionManager:516 - Exposing Hibernate transaction as JDBC transaction [ConnectionHandle{url=jdbc:mysql://test, user=test, debugHandle=null, lastResetAgoInSec=18, lastUsedAgoInSec=18, creationTimeAgoInSec=18}]
2015-10-15 18:00:13,924 DEBUG SQL:109 - 
    /* dynamic native SQL query */ SELECT
        user_id,
        username,
        email,
        is_active 
    FROM
        app_users
2015-10-15 18:00:14,018 TRACE BasicExtractor:78 - extracted value ([user_id] : [BIGINT]) - [43]
...
...
2015-10-15 18:00:14,177 TRACE BasicExtractor:78 - extracted value ([username] : [VARCHAR]) - [username33]
2015-10-15 18:00:14,178 TRACE BasicExtractor:78 - extracted value ([email] : [VARCHAR]) - [ss@ss.com]
2015-10-15 18:00:14,178 TRACE BasicExtractor:78 - extracted value ([is_active] : [INTEGER]) - [0]
2015-10-15 18:00:14,178 TRACE BasicExtractor:78 - extracted value ([user_id] : [BIGINT]) - [136]
2015-10-15 18:00:14,179 TRACE BasicExtractor:78 - extracted value ([username] : [VARCHAR]) - [username34]
2015-10-15 18:00:14,179 TRACE BasicExtractor:78 - extracted value ([email] : [VARCHAR]) - [ss2@ss.com]
2015-10-15 18:00:14,180 TRACE BasicExtractor:78 - extracted value ([is_active] : [INTEGER]) - [0]
2015-10-15 18:00:14,283 INFO  BaseDAOImpl:117 - ============getAll=============== Execution Timestamp: 433milliseconds
2015-10-15 18:00:14,284 DEBUG HibernateTransactionManager:759 - Initiating transaction commit
2015-10-15 18:00:14,286 DEBUG HibernateTransactionManager:580 - Committing Hibernate transaction on Session [SessionImpl(PersistenceContext[entityKeys=[],collectionKeys=[]];ActionQueue[insertions=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@2b237512 updates=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@24db06de deletions=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@279febb9 orphanRemovals=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@742cd301 collectionCreations=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@2ad1223d collectionRemovals=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@81ee8c1 collectionUpdates=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@2542db11 collectionQueuedOps=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@483c4c33 unresolvedInsertDependencies=UnresolvedEntityInsertActions[]])]
2015-10-15 18:00:14,496 DEBUG HibernateTransactionManager:669 - Closing Hibernate Session [SessionImpl(PersistenceContext[entityKeys=[],collectionKeys=[]];ActionQueue[insertions=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@2b237512 updates=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@24db06de deletions=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@279febb9 orphanRemovals=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@742cd301 collectionCreations=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@2ad1223d collectionRemovals=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@81ee8c1 collectionUpdates=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@2542db11 collectionQueuedOps=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@483c4c33 unresolvedInsertDependencies=UnresolvedEntityInsertActions[]])] after transaction
2015-10-15 18:00:14,499 INFO  StatisticalLoggingSessionEventListener:275 - Session Metrics {
    21735 nanoseconds spent acquiring 1 JDBC connections;
    0 nanoseconds spent releasing 0 JDBC connections;
    10155810 nanoseconds spent preparing 1 JDBC statements;
    69653167 nanoseconds spent executing 1 JDBC statements;
    0 nanoseconds spent executing 0 JDBC batches;
    11795265 nanoseconds spent performing 1 L2C puts;
    0 nanoseconds spent performing 0 L2C hits;
    69732 nanoseconds spent performing 1 L2C misses;
    0 nanoseconds spent executing 0 flushes (flushing a total of 0 entities and 0 collections);
    31394 nanoseconds spent executing 1 partial-flushes (flushing a total of 0 entities and 0 collections)
}
2015-10-15 18:00:14,639 INFO  AdminOperationController:49 - =======/admin/operation/UserManagement Execution Timestamp:====== 924milliseconds

使用初始化缓存

2015-10-15 18:00:22,410 DEBUG HibernateTransactionManager:516 - Exposing Hibernate transaction as JDBC transaction [ConnectionHandle{url=jdbc:mysql://test, user=test, debugHandle=null, lastResetAgoInSec=22, lastUsedAgoInSec=22, creationTimeAgoInSec=22}]
2015-10-15 18:00:22,417 INFO  BaseDAOImpl:117 - ============getAll=============== Execution Timestamp: 4milliseconds
2015-10-15 18:00:22,418 DEBUG HibernateTransactionManager:759 - Initiating transaction commit
2015-10-15 18:00:22,419 DEBUG HibernateTransactionManager:580 - Committing Hibernate transaction on Session [SessionImpl(PersistenceContext[entityKeys=[],collectionKeys=[]];ActionQueue[insertions=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@19acc826 updates=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@1e8843f5 deletions=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@425997c orphanRemovals=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@407f9e04 collectionCreations=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@7a5f39b0 collectionRemovals=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@1c49094 collectionUpdates=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@fefe574 collectionQueuedOps=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@4ec12ad8 unresolvedInsertDependencies=UnresolvedEntityInsertActions[]])]
2015-10-15 18:00:22,625 DEBUG HibernateTransactionManager:669 - Closing Hibernate Session [SessionImpl(PersistenceContext[entityKeys=[],collectionKeys=[]];ActionQueue[insertions=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@19acc826 updates=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@1e8843f5 deletions=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@425997c orphanRemovals=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@407f9e04 collectionCreations=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@7a5f39b0 collectionRemovals=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@1c49094 collectionUpdates=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@fefe574 collectionQueuedOps=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@4ec12ad8 unresolvedInsertDependencies=UnresolvedEntityInsertActions[]])] after transaction
2015-10-15 18:00:22,627 INFO  StatisticalLoggingSessionEventListener:275 - Session Metrics {
    19621 nanoseconds spent acquiring 1 JDBC connections;
    0 nanoseconds spent releasing 0 JDBC connections;
    0 nanoseconds spent preparing 0 JDBC statements;
    0 nanoseconds spent executing 0 JDBC statements;
    0 nanoseconds spent executing 0 JDBC batches;
    0 nanoseconds spent performing 0 L2C puts;
    2170444 nanoseconds spent performing 1 L2C hits;
    0 nanoseconds spent performing 0 L2C misses;
    0 nanoseconds spent executing 0 flushes (flushing a total of 0 entities and 0 collections);
    19018 nanoseconds spent executing 1 partial-flushes (flushing a total of 0 entities and 0 collections)
}
2015-10-15 18:00:22,766 INFO  AdminOperationController:49 - =======/admin/operation/UserManagement Execution Timestamp:====== 425milliseconds

---

是否有人可以建议我如何改善这种情况？

请找到一些建议：

将hibernate.show_sql设置为false，并确保hibernate日志记录以尽可能低的日志级别运行。 将延迟加载定义为首选的关联加载策略。 当返回的对象永远不会被修改时，在查询和条件上设置@TransactionalreadOnly=true。 大多数查询不会从缓存中受益，因此默认情况下，查询不会被缓存。要启用缓存，请调用Query.setCacheabletrue。 您可以激活Hibernate统计信息以分析性能问题属性Hibernate.generate\u Statistics设置为true。 验证您在表上有索引。 最后解决问题。 除了配置解决方案请参阅我编辑的文章，我使用缓存初始化，并在一个事务服务方法中重构代码以尽可能多地执行适当的DAO操作，在此之前，我的事务服务只有非常简化的方法，即，我可能需要为一个工作流调用多个事务服务方法。注册新用户。这样做是非常昂贵的

它进一步提高了我的表现

---

正如我们在我的PostUpdate2中看到的，瓶颈在于事务提交。这可能是数据库服务器问题。现在我将数据库更改为localhost。速度从400~500毫秒进一步提高到20毫秒

您是否尝试将@TransactionalreadOnly=true设置在公共列表getAllClass类型的正上方？您的setResultTransformer调用真的是强制的吗？通用方法也是吗？可以将ResultTransformer应用于本机SQL查询。例如，这允许返回非托管实体。@AndréBlaszczyk我也尝试过对这些只读查询使用@TransactionalreadOnly=true，但幸运的是setResultTransformer调用不是必需的，只是一些实验。我的原始代码是下面注释的代码…但是在性能方面没有太大区别。谢谢。我已尝试激活Hibernate统计信息。这似乎是由于事务管理器问题在我的postPoint 3中更新。这似乎是错误的。只读false更快。见：

@Transactional(propagation=Propagation.REQUIRES_NEW,isolation = Isolation.READ_COMMITTED)
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{
...
    @Override
    public <T> List<T> getAll(Class<T> type) {
        List<T> userList = userDao.getAll(type);
        return userList;
    }
...
}

2015-10-14 10:45:46 INFO  StatisticalLoggingSessionEventListener:275 - Session M
etrics {
    298847 nanoseconds spent acquiring 1 JDBC connections;
    0 nanoseconds spent releasing 0 JDBC connections;
    914957 nanoseconds spent preparing 1 JDBC statements;
    335661830 nanoseconds spent executing 1 JDBC statements;
    0 nanoseconds spent executing 0 JDBC batches;
    0 nanoseconds spent performing 0 L2C puts;
    0 nanoseconds spent performing 0 L2C hits;
    0 nanoseconds spent performing 0 L2C misses;
    0 nanoseconds spent executing 0 flushes (flushing a total of 0 entities and
0 collections);
    5735 nanoseconds spent executing 1 partial-flushes (flushing a total of 0 en
tities and 0 collections)
}

2015-10-14 10:45:46 INFO  AdminOperationController:51 - =======/admin/operation/
UserManagement Execution Timestamp:====== 3051milliseconds

2015-10-15 18:00:13,768 DEBUG HibernateTransactionManager:448 - Preparing JDBC Connection of Hibernate Session [SessionImpl(PersistenceContext[entityKeys=[],collectionKeys=[]];ActionQueue[insertions=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@2b237512 updates=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@24db06de deletions=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@279febb9 orphanRemovals=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@742cd301 collectionCreations=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@2ad1223d collectionRemovals=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@81ee8c1 collectionUpdates=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@2542db11 collectionQueuedOps=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@483c4c33 unresolvedInsertDependencies=UnresolvedEntityInsertActions[]])]
2015-10-15 18:00:13,847 DEBUG HibernateTransactionManager:516 - Exposing Hibernate transaction as JDBC transaction [ConnectionHandle{url=jdbc:mysql://test, user=test, debugHandle=null, lastResetAgoInSec=18, lastUsedAgoInSec=18, creationTimeAgoInSec=18}]
2015-10-15 18:00:13,924 DEBUG SQL:109 - 
    /* dynamic native SQL query */ SELECT
        user_id,
        username,
        email,
        is_active 
    FROM
        app_users
2015-10-15 18:00:14,018 TRACE BasicExtractor:78 - extracted value ([user_id] : [BIGINT]) - [43]
...
...
2015-10-15 18:00:14,177 TRACE BasicExtractor:78 - extracted value ([username] : [VARCHAR]) - [username33]
2015-10-15 18:00:14,178 TRACE BasicExtractor:78 - extracted value ([email] : [VARCHAR]) - [ss@ss.com]
2015-10-15 18:00:14,178 TRACE BasicExtractor:78 - extracted value ([is_active] : [INTEGER]) - [0]
2015-10-15 18:00:14,178 TRACE BasicExtractor:78 - extracted value ([user_id] : [BIGINT]) - [136]
2015-10-15 18:00:14,179 TRACE BasicExtractor:78 - extracted value ([username] : [VARCHAR]) - [username34]
2015-10-15 18:00:14,179 TRACE BasicExtractor:78 - extracted value ([email] : [VARCHAR]) - [ss2@ss.com]
2015-10-15 18:00:14,180 TRACE BasicExtractor:78 - extracted value ([is_active] : [INTEGER]) - [0]
2015-10-15 18:00:14,283 INFO  BaseDAOImpl:117 - ============getAll=============== Execution Timestamp: 433milliseconds
2015-10-15 18:00:14,284 DEBUG HibernateTransactionManager:759 - Initiating transaction commit
2015-10-15 18:00:14,286 DEBUG HibernateTransactionManager:580 - Committing Hibernate transaction on Session [SessionImpl(PersistenceContext[entityKeys=[],collectionKeys=[]];ActionQueue[insertions=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@2b237512 updates=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@24db06de deletions=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@279febb9 orphanRemovals=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@742cd301 collectionCreations=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@2ad1223d collectionRemovals=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@81ee8c1 collectionUpdates=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@2542db11 collectionQueuedOps=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@483c4c33 unresolvedInsertDependencies=UnresolvedEntityInsertActions[]])]
2015-10-15 18:00:14,496 DEBUG HibernateTransactionManager:669 - Closing Hibernate Session [SessionImpl(PersistenceContext[entityKeys=[],collectionKeys=[]];ActionQueue[insertions=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@2b237512 updates=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@24db06de deletions=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@279febb9 orphanRemovals=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@742cd301 collectionCreations=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@2ad1223d collectionRemovals=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@81ee8c1 collectionUpdates=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@2542db11 collectionQueuedOps=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@483c4c33 unresolvedInsertDependencies=UnresolvedEntityInsertActions[]])] after transaction
2015-10-15 18:00:14,499 INFO  StatisticalLoggingSessionEventListener:275 - Session Metrics {
    21735 nanoseconds spent acquiring 1 JDBC connections;
    0 nanoseconds spent releasing 0 JDBC connections;
    10155810 nanoseconds spent preparing 1 JDBC statements;
    69653167 nanoseconds spent executing 1 JDBC statements;
    0 nanoseconds spent executing 0 JDBC batches;
    11795265 nanoseconds spent performing 1 L2C puts;
    0 nanoseconds spent performing 0 L2C hits;
    69732 nanoseconds spent performing 1 L2C misses;
    0 nanoseconds spent executing 0 flushes (flushing a total of 0 entities and 0 collections);
    31394 nanoseconds spent executing 1 partial-flushes (flushing a total of 0 entities and 0 collections)
}
2015-10-15 18:00:14,639 INFO  AdminOperationController:49 - =======/admin/operation/UserManagement Execution Timestamp:====== 924milliseconds

2015-10-15 18:00:22,410 DEBUG HibernateTransactionManager:516 - Exposing Hibernate transaction as JDBC transaction [ConnectionHandle{url=jdbc:mysql://test, user=test, debugHandle=null, lastResetAgoInSec=22, lastUsedAgoInSec=22, creationTimeAgoInSec=22}]
2015-10-15 18:00:22,417 INFO  BaseDAOImpl:117 - ============getAll=============== Execution Timestamp: 4milliseconds
2015-10-15 18:00:22,418 DEBUG HibernateTransactionManager:759 - Initiating transaction commit
2015-10-15 18:00:22,419 DEBUG HibernateTransactionManager:580 - Committing Hibernate transaction on Session [SessionImpl(PersistenceContext[entityKeys=[],collectionKeys=[]];ActionQueue[insertions=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@19acc826 updates=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@1e8843f5 deletions=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@425997c orphanRemovals=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@407f9e04 collectionCreations=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@7a5f39b0 collectionRemovals=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@1c49094 collectionUpdates=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@fefe574 collectionQueuedOps=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@4ec12ad8 unresolvedInsertDependencies=UnresolvedEntityInsertActions[]])]
2015-10-15 18:00:22,625 DEBUG HibernateTransactionManager:669 - Closing Hibernate Session [SessionImpl(PersistenceContext[entityKeys=[],collectionKeys=[]];ActionQueue[insertions=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@19acc826 updates=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@1e8843f5 deletions=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@425997c orphanRemovals=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@407f9e04 collectionCreations=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@7a5f39b0 collectionRemovals=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@1c49094 collectionUpdates=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@fefe574 collectionQueuedOps=org.hibernate.engine.spi.ExecutableList@4ec12ad8 unresolvedInsertDependencies=UnresolvedEntityInsertActions[]])] after transaction
2015-10-15 18:00:22,627 INFO  StatisticalLoggingSessionEventListener:275 - Session Metrics {
    19621 nanoseconds spent acquiring 1 JDBC connections;
    0 nanoseconds spent releasing 0 JDBC connections;
    0 nanoseconds spent preparing 0 JDBC statements;
    0 nanoseconds spent executing 0 JDBC statements;
    0 nanoseconds spent executing 0 JDBC batches;
    0 nanoseconds spent performing 0 L2C puts;
    2170444 nanoseconds spent performing 1 L2C hits;
    0 nanoseconds spent performing 0 L2C misses;
    0 nanoseconds spent executing 0 flushes (flushing a total of 0 entities and 0 collections);
    19018 nanoseconds spent executing 1 partial-flushes (flushing a total of 0 entities and 0 collections)
}
2015-10-15 18:00:22,766 INFO  AdminOperationController:49 - =======/admin/operation/UserManagement Execution Timestamp:====== 425milliseconds