Java Lucene：精确匹配不是'；第一个没有显示

我正在使用demo IndexFiles和SearchFiles类对org.apache.lucene.demo包中的文件进行索引和搜索

我的问题是，当我使用一个包含多个单词的查询时，我没有得到完全匹配的结果。例如：

Enter query:
"natural language"
Searching for: "natural language"
298 total matching documents
1. download\researchers.uq.edu.au\fields-of-research\natural-language-processing
.txt
2. download\researchers.uq.edu.au\research-project\16267.txt
3. download\researchers.uq.edu.au\research-project\16279.txt
4. download\researchers.uq.edu.au\research-project\18361.txt
5. download\www.uq.edu.au\news\%3Farticle%3D2187.txt
6. download\researchers.uq.edu.au\researcher\2115.txt
7. download\ceit.uq.edu.au\content\2013-2014-summer-research-scholarship-project
s-dr-alan-cody%3Fpage%3D1.txt
8. download\ceit.uq.edu.au\content\2013-2014-summer-research-scholarship-project
s-dr-alan-cody%3Fpage%3D2.txt
9. download\ceit.uq.edu.au\content\2013-2014-summer-research-scholarship-project
s-dr-alan-cody.txt
10. download\www.ceit.uq.edu.au\content\2013-2014-summer-research-scholarship-pr
ojects-dr-alan-cody.txt
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不具有与以下相同的结果：

Enter query:
natural language
Searching for: natural language
54307 total matching documents
1. download\cyberschool.library.uq.edu.au\display_resource.phtml%3Frid%3D190.txt

2. download\cyberschool.library.uq.edu.au\display_resource.phtml%3Frid%3D576.txt

3. download\cyberschool.library.uq.edu.au\display_resource.phtml%3Frid%3D46.txt
4. download\espace.library.uq.edu.au\view\UQ%3A166163.txt
5. download\cyberschool.library.uq.edu.au\display_resource.phtml%3Frid%3D108.txt

6. download\cyberschool.library.uq.edu.au\display_resource.phtml%3Frid%3D70.txt
7. download\cyberschool.library.uq.edu.au\display_resource.phtml%3Frid%3D708.txt

8. download\researchers.uq.edu.au\fields-of-research\natural-language-processing
.txt
9. download\researchers.uq.edu.au\research-project\16267.txt
10. download\cyberschool.library.uq.edu.au\display_resource.phtml%3Frid%3D117.tx
t
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例如，第一个匹配文档甚至不包含“language”关键字

如果我在

IndexSearcher

类中使用

explain（）

方法，那么我得到的第一个结果是：

1. download\cyberschool.library.uq.edu.au\display_resource.phtml%3Frid%3D190.txt
0.70643383 = (MATCH) sum of:
  0.5590494 = (MATCH) weight(contents:natural in 62541) [DefaultSimilarity], result of:
    0.5590494 = score(doc=62541,freq=4.0 = termFreq=4.0
), product of:
      0.8091749 = queryWeight, product of:
        4.4216847 = idf(docFreq=13111, maxDocs=401502)
        0.18300149 = queryNorm
      0.6908882 = fieldWeight in 62541, product of:
        2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
          4.0 = termFreq=4.0
        4.4216847 = idf(docFreq=13111, maxDocs=401502)
        0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=62541)
  0.1473844 = (MATCH) weight(contents:language in 62541) [DefaultSimilarity], result of:
    0.1473844 = score(doc=62541,freq=1.0 = termFreq=1.0
), product of:
      0.5875679 = queryWeight, product of:
        3.2107275 = idf(docFreq=44012, maxDocs=401502)
        0.18300149 = queryNorm
      0.25083807 = fieldWeight in 62541, product of:
        1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
          1.0 = termFreq=1.0
        3.2107275 = idf(docFreq=44012, maxDocs=401502)
        0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=62541)

如果单击“下一步”并找到如下结果：

19. download\www.uq.edu.au\news\%3Farticle%3D2187.txt
0.47449595 = (MATCH) sum of:
  0.2795247 = (MATCH) weight(contents:natural in 35173) [DefaultSimilarity], result of:
    0.2795247 = score(doc=35173,freq=4.0 = termFreq=4.0
), product of:
      0.8091749 = queryWeight, product of:
        4.4216847 = idf(docFreq=13111, maxDocs=401502)
        0.18300149 = queryNorm
      0.3454441 = fieldWeight in 35173, product of:
        2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
          4.0 = termFreq=4.0
        4.4216847 = idf(docFreq=13111, maxDocs=401502)
        0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=35173)
  0.19497125 = (MATCH) weight(contents:language in 35173) [DefaultSimilarity], result of:
    0.19497125 = score(doc=35173,freq=7.0 = termFreq=7.0
), product of:
      0.5875679 = queryWeight, product of:
        3.2107275 = idf(docFreq=44012, maxDocs=401502)
        0.18300149 = queryNorm
      0.33182758 = fieldWeight in 35173, product of:
        2.6457512 = tf(freq=7.0), with freq of:
          7.0 = termFreq=7.0
        3.2107275 = idf(docFreq=44012, maxDocs=401502)
        0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=35173)

哪个页面本身包含确切的关键字“自然语言”。因此，我的问题是：

1） 为什么Lucene不先显示精确匹配

2） 为什么Lucene显示的结果甚至不包含关键字

---

3） 我可以在哪里/如何更改它，以便它首先显示精确匹配的，然后显示更相关的？

1-它不打算这样做。请参阅上的文档。查询

自然语言

是由两个术语组成的查询。就他们自己而言，Lucene并不喜欢使用紧密结合的术语。如果您想找到精确的匹配项，短语查询是正确的方法，如

“自然语言”

2-包含解释的两个结果都包含两个术语的匹配项，请参阅：

0.2795247 = (MATCH) weight(contents:natural in 35173) [DefaultSimilarity], result of:
  0.2795247 = score(doc=35173,freq=4.0 = termFreq=4.0
...
0.19497125 = (MATCH) weight(contents:language in 35173) [DefaultSimilarity], result of:
  0.19497125 = score(doc=35173,freq=7.0 = termFreq=7.0

根据Lucene的说法，它在该文档中找到了“natural”4次，在content字段中找到了“language”7次（我假设这是您的默认字段）

3-查看查询解析器语法，看看什么对您最有意义。听起来你可能会觉得有用

如果您只想简单地获得短语匹配，然后是其他人，您可以使用以下内容：

"natural language" natural language

---

谢谢，但是

近距离搜索

实际上无法单独查找单词。所以这不是我要说的，这就是为什么提供了另一种方法，将单独的术语查询与短语查询相结合，应该可以很好地服务。这在某种程度上是不够的吗？我已经认为，实际上，但对于更大的查询，比如说，即使对于4个关键字，我也会有3个查询，其中包括2个单词，2个3个单词的查询，以及查询本身。我已经开发了一种算法来寻找子查询，需要O（n ^ 3）的时间，所以不太好，如果你考虑一个10关键字查询。我想知道是否有可能将近距离搜索与默认搜索结合起来？这是一个与您在这里提出的问题有些不同的问题，我不认为在评论空间中有充分的描述。你可能想问一个新的问题来充实这个问题。为什么不同呢？我想它仍然属于第三个问题？如果我可以将邻近搜索与默认搜索相结合，我可以提高邻近搜索的结果，这会给我更高的分数，还是我错了？