Java jframe中的多个JPanel

我目前正在尝试使用一个有多个JPanel的jframe制作一个小应用程序。我有几个问题要问

必须有一种更干净的方法来制作一个包含16个不同面板的应用程序，而不是将其全部放在一个类中。还有其他选择吗

目前我只有3个面板。我没有进一步讨论，因为其中两个面板没有反映我的更改。它们是我使用的两个面板

必须有一种更干净的方法来制作一个包含16个不同面板的应用程序，而不是将其全部放在一个类中。还有其他选择吗

您可以根据需要自由创建和使用任意多的类。因此，如果一个JPanel拥有一个复杂的GUI，您可能希望在其他地方重用它，或者它有自己的特定和独立的功能，那么一定要将代码放在它自己的类中

目前我只有3个面板。我没有进一步讨论，因为其中两个面板没有反映我的更改。它们是我使用的两个面板

闻起来像是你在试图重新发明卡片布局。既然你可以直接使用它，为什么还要重新发明呢

---

是的，程序员所说的关于空布局的一切都是真的。您应该避免使用它。

您的错误是使用了

null

布局、

revalidate

、

invalidate

和

validate

将不再具有任何重要意义，因为它们与支持布局管理API相关

因为您已删除布局管理器，所以面板不再有任何内容可以告诉它们应该显示在什么大小或位置，这意味着当您添加新组件时，它的大小为0x0，位置为0x0

使用示例更新

您应该利用布局管理器API的原因有很多，包括自动处理不同系统上字体呈现方式的差异、动态和可调整大小的布局、屏幕分辨率和DPI的差异等等

它还将鼓励您将UI划分为多个责任区，而不是试图将整个UI代码转储到一个类中（是的，我看到了这一点，是的，我职业生涯的大部分时间都在清理那些这样做的人……）

本例使用and，但您应该花时间使用

---

哦，卡片布局可能适合你。我考虑过使用JTabbedPane。以下是我在代码示例中的想法：

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;

import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTabbedPane;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;


public class TabbedPaneDemo extends JFrame {

    public TabbedPaneDemo() {

        // set the layout of the frame to all the addition of all components
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());

        // create a tabbed pane
        JTabbedPane tabbedPane = new JTabbedPane();
        tabbedPane.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(500,500));
        add(tabbedPane);

        // create three panels to be added to this frame
        JPanel redPanel = new JPanel();
        JPanel greenPanel = new JPanel();
        JPanel bluePanel = new JPanel();

        // set the colors of the panels
        redPanel.setBackground(Color.RED);
        greenPanel.setBackground(Color.GREEN);
        bluePanel.setBackground(Color.BLUE);

        // set the preferred size of each panel
        redPanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(150,150));
        greenPanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(150,150));
        bluePanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(150,150));

        // add the panels to the tabbed pane
        tabbedPane.addTab("Red Panel", redPanel);
        tabbedPane.addTab("Green Panel", greenPanel);
        tabbedPane.addTab("Blue Panel", bluePanel);

        // finish initializing this window
        setSize(500,500); // size the window to fit its components (i.e. panels in this case)
        setLocationRelativeTo(null); // center this window
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); // exit application when this window is closed
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                new TabbedPaneDemo().setVisible(true);
            }
        });
    }

}

关于你的另一个问题，关于在一节课上有16个面板：

您可以在面板中使用面板来组织事物

您可以将JPanel子类化，并将子类放入它们自己的.java文件中

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如果我能提供进一步帮助，你可以给我发封电子邮件。kaydell@yahoo.com（我喜欢帮助人们进行编程，我也从中学习。）

第一个错误是使用

null

布局、

revalidate

、

invalidate

和

validate

将不再具有任何重要意义，因为它们与支持布局管理相关感谢您的帮助，切换布局修复了问题！也很感谢你的回答有多彻底。（本应为+1，但需要15次重复）布局管理器可能看起来令人困惑，但从长远来看，它们将为您节省大量时间和工作；）

public class Jframetest extends JFrame {

    private JPanel Home;
    private JPanel masslog;
    private JPanel DEH;

    /**
     * Launch the application.
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                try {
                    Jframetest frame = new Jframetest();
                    frame.setVisible(true);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        });
    }

    public Jframetest() {
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setResizable(false);
        setBounds(100, 100, 618, 373);
        Home = new JPanel();
        masslog = new JPanel();
        DEH = new JPanel();

        Home.setBackground(new Color(255, 250, 250));
        Home.setBorder(new LineBorder(Color.DARK_GRAY, 1, true));
        DEH.setBackground(new Color(255, 250, 250));
        DEH.setBorder(new LineBorder(Color.DARK_GRAY, 1, true));
        masslog.setBackground(new Color(255, 250, 250));
        masslog.setBorder(new LineBorder(Color.DARK_GRAY, 1, true));
        setContentPane(Home);
        Home.setLayout(null);

        JButton dehbutton = new JButton("Sign in");
        dehbutton.setFont(new Font("Tahoma", Font.PLAIN, 14));
        dehbutton.setForeground(new Color(0, 0, 0));
        dehbutton.setBackground(UIManager.getColor("Menu.selectionBackground"));
        DEH.add(dehbutton);

        JButton btnNewButton = new JButton("Data Entry login");
        btnNewButton.setFont(new Font("Tahoma", Font.PLAIN, 14));
        btnNewButton.setForeground(new Color(0, 0, 0));
        btnNewButton.setBackground(UIManager.getColor("Menu.selectionBackground"));

        btnNewButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
                Home.removeAll();
                Home.add(DEH);
                Home.revalidate();
                Home.repaint();

                // JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "Username/Password incorrect");
            }
        });
        btnNewButton.setBounds(44, 214, 204, 61);
        Home.add(btnNewButton);

        final JButton button = new JButton("Manager and Associate login");
        button.setFont(new Font("Tahoma", Font.PLAIN, 14));
        button.setBackground(UIManager.getColor("EditorPane.selectionBackground"));
        button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                Home.removeAll();
                Home.add(masslog);
                Home.revalidate();
                Home.repaint();

            }
        });
        button.setBounds(340, 214, 204, 61);
        Home.add(button);

        JTextPane txtpnEmployeeLogin = new JTextPane();
        txtpnEmployeeLogin.setForeground(Color.DARK_GRAY);
        txtpnEmployeeLogin.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
        txtpnEmployeeLogin.setFont(new Font("Tahoma", Font.PLAIN, 34));
        txtpnEmployeeLogin.setText("Employee Login");
        txtpnEmployeeLogin.setBounds(181, 123, 260, 52);
        Home.add(txtpnEmployeeLogin);

        JLabel lblNewLabel = new JLabel("New label");
        lblNewLabel.setIcon(new ImageIcon("C:\\Users\\Will and April\\Downloads\\your-logo-here.jpg"));
        lblNewLabel.setBounds(427, 11, 165, 67);
        Home.add(lblNewLabel);

    }

}

removeAll();
add();
revalidate();
repaint(); 

import java.awt.CardLayout;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.GridBagConstraints;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import java.awt.Insets;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.border.EmptyBorder;

public class FrameTest extends JFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                try {
                    FrameTest frame = new FrameTest();
                    frame.setVisible(true);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        });
    }

    public FrameTest() {
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        final CardLayout layout = new CardLayout();
        setLayout(layout);
        LoginPane loginPane = new LoginPane();
        add(loginPane, "login");
        add(new NewLoginPane(), "newLogin");
        add(new ManagerLoginPane(), "managerLogin");

        loginPane.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                String command = e.getActionCommand();
                System.out.println(command);
                if ("new".equals(command)) {
                    layout.show(getContentPane(), "newLogin");
                } else if ("manager".equals(command)) {
                    layout.show(getContentPane(), "managerLogin");
                }
            }
        });

        layout.show(getContentPane(), "layout");

        pack();
        setLocationRelativeTo(null);
    }

    public class LoginPane extends JPanel {

        private JTextField userName;
        private JButton newButton;
        private JButton managerButton;

        public LoginPane() {
            setBorder(new EmptyBorder(20, 20, 20, 20));
            setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
            GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
            gbc.gridx = 0;
            gbc.gridy = 0;
            gbc.gridwidth = 2;
            gbc.weightx = 1;
            gbc.insets = new Insets(10, 10, 10, 10);

            userName = new JTextField(10);
            userName.setFont(new Font("Tahoma", Font.PLAIN, 34));
            add(userName, gbc);

            gbc.gridx = 0;
            gbc.gridy = 1;
            gbc.gridwidth = 1;
            gbc.weightx = 0;
            gbc.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;

            newButton = new JButton("Sign in");
            newButton.setActionCommand("new");
            managerButton = new JButton("Manager and Associate login");
            managerButton.setActionCommand("manager");

            add(newButton, gbc);
            gbc.gridx++;
            add(managerButton, gbc);                
        }

        public void addActionListener(ActionListener listener) {
            newButton.addActionListener(listener);
            managerButton.addActionListener(listener);
        }

        public void remveActionListener(ActionListener listener) {
            newButton.removeActionListener(listener);
            managerButton.removeActionListener(listener);
        }

        public String getUserName() {               
            return userName.getText();                
        }            
    }

    public class NewLoginPane extends JPanel {
        public NewLoginPane() {
            setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
            add(new JLabel("New Login"));
        }           
    }

    public class ManagerLoginPane extends JPanel {
        public ManagerLoginPane() {
            setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
            add(new JLabel("Welcome overlord"));
        }           
    }
}

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;

import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTabbedPane;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;


public class TabbedPaneDemo extends JFrame {

    public TabbedPaneDemo() {

        // set the layout of the frame to all the addition of all components
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());

        // create a tabbed pane
        JTabbedPane tabbedPane = new JTabbedPane();
        tabbedPane.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(500,500));
        add(tabbedPane);

        // create three panels to be added to this frame
        JPanel redPanel = new JPanel();
        JPanel greenPanel = new JPanel();
        JPanel bluePanel = new JPanel();

        // set the colors of the panels
        redPanel.setBackground(Color.RED);
        greenPanel.setBackground(Color.GREEN);
        bluePanel.setBackground(Color.BLUE);

        // set the preferred size of each panel
        redPanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(150,150));
        greenPanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(150,150));
        bluePanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(150,150));

        // add the panels to the tabbed pane
        tabbedPane.addTab("Red Panel", redPanel);
        tabbedPane.addTab("Green Panel", greenPanel);
        tabbedPane.addTab("Blue Panel", bluePanel);

        // finish initializing this window
        setSize(500,500); // size the window to fit its components (i.e. panels in this case)
        setLocationRelativeTo(null); // center this window
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); // exit application when this window is closed
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                new TabbedPaneDemo().setVisible(true);
            }
        });
    }

}