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Java 如何使用Netflix eureka和ribbon按版本定位服务

java cloud

Java 如何使用Netflix eureka和ribbon按版本定位服务,java,cloud,service-discovery,netflix,Java,Cloud,Service Discovery,Netflix,我们目前正在探索Netflix，以研究其微服务架构的实现。目前，我们的兴趣集中在服务注册和动态查找功能上 浏览代码、示例和配置，但有些地方不清楚服务版本控制。如果提供发现服务，并且是基于eureka的REST客户端，客户端如何表示需要服务1.2的服务fooBar？客户机在哪里存储/获取该版本号；从本地配置文件（如）获取，还是通过以下方式动态获取 在Eureka REST API中，我看不到任何处理服务版本的内置方式 因此，我认为最好的处理方法是将版本控制信息合并到服务ID中 假设我们有4个服务：

我们目前正在探索Netflix，以研究其微服务架构的实现。目前，我们的兴趣集中在服务注册和动态查找功能上

浏览代码、示例和配置，但有些地方不清楚服务版本控制。如果提供发现服务，并且是基于eureka的REST客户端，客户端如何表示需要服务
1.2
的服务
fooBar
？客户机在哪里存储/获取该版本号；从本地配置文件（如）获取，还是通过以下方式动态获取

在Eureka REST API中，我看不到任何处理服务版本的内置方式

因此，我认为最好的处理方法是将版本控制信息合并到服务ID中

假设我们有4个服务：用户、统计、登录和oAuth

我们刚刚更新了用户服务API，以更改登录服务中某些新需求所需的功能。但是，这些更改与oAuth使用的API不兼容，没有人有时间更新该服务。统计服务没有使用任何这些功能，因此它不关心使用哪个版本的API。这意味着我们需要同时运行新版本的用户服务（1.2）和旧版本（1.1）

我们可以这样设置：

  • User 1.1服务的配置表示注册为“User-1.1”和“User”
  • User 1.2服务的配置表示注册为“User-1.2”和“User”
  • oAuth服务的配置说明用户服务的ID为“User-1.1”
  • 登录服务的配置说明用户服务的ID为“User-1.2”
  • 统计服务的配置说明用户服务的ID为“User”
这样，oAuth服务将只与旧用户服务、登录服务与新用户服务以及统计服务与任何用户服务通信

您应该能够使用Archaius将配置传播到服务器

请注意，如果您发布的用户版本1.3引入了与统计服务正在使用的1.2和1.1部分不兼容的更改，则您必须告诉用户1.1和1.2服务也注册为其他服务（如“用户统计安全”），并告诉统计服务使用该ID，或者告诉统计服务使用“user-1.1”或“user-1.2”。

服务1注册v1和v2与Eureka

服务2使用不同的功能区客户端发现并向服务1的v1和v2发送请求

我使用
springcloud
实现了这个演示，尽管博客可以在以下位置找到：

我遵循的想法是
restemplate
为每个版本使用不同的
功能区
客户端，因为每个客户端都有自己的
ServerListFilter

多版本服务包括注册元数据中的版本

服务1

application.yml

...
eureka:
  client:
    registerWithEureka: true
    fetchRegistry: true
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8000/eureka/
  instance:
    hostname: ${hostName}
    statusPageUrlPath: ${management.context-path}/info
    healthCheckUrlPath: ${management.context-path}/health
    preferIpAddress: true
    metadataMap:
      instanceId: ${spring.application.name}:${server.port}

---
spring:
   profiles: v1
eureka:
  instance:
    metadataMap:
      versions: v1

---
spring:
   profiles: v1v2
eureka:
  instance:
    metadataMap:
      versions: v1,v2
...

...
eureka:
  client:
    registerWithEureka: false
    fetchRegistry: true
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8000/eureka/

demo-multiversion-registration-api-1-v1:
   ribbon:
     # Eureka vipAddress of the target service
     DeploymentContextBasedVipAddresses: demo-multiversion-registration-api-1
     NIWSServerListClassName: com.netflix.niws.loadbalancer.DiscoveryEnabledNIWSServerList
     # Interval to refresh the server list from the source (ms)
     ServerListRefreshInterval: 30000

demo-multiversion-registration-api-1-v2:
   ribbon:
     # Eureka vipAddress of the target service
     DeploymentContextBasedVipAddresses: demo-multiversion-registration-api-1
     NIWSServerListClassName: com.netflix.niws.loadbalancer.DiscoveryEnabledNIWSServerList
     # Interval to refresh the server list from the source (ms)
     ServerListRefreshInterval: 30000
...

...
@Configuration
@RibbonClients(value = {
    @RibbonClient(name = "demo-multiversion-registration-api-1-v1", configuration = RibbonConfigDemoApi1V1.class),
    @RibbonClient(name = "demo-multiversion-registration-api-1-v2", configuration = RibbonConfigDemoApi1V2.class)
})
public class AppConfig {

    @Bean(name = "loadBalancedRestTemplate")
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate loadBalancedRestTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}
服务2

application.yml

...
eureka:
  client:
    registerWithEureka: true
    fetchRegistry: true
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8000/eureka/
  instance:
    hostname: ${hostName}
    statusPageUrlPath: ${management.context-path}/info
    healthCheckUrlPath: ${management.context-path}/health
    preferIpAddress: true
    metadataMap:
      instanceId: ${spring.application.name}:${server.port}

---
spring:
   profiles: v1
eureka:
  instance:
    metadataMap:
      versions: v1

---
spring:
   profiles: v1v2
eureka:
  instance:
    metadataMap:
      versions: v1,v2
...

...
eureka:
  client:
    registerWithEureka: false
    fetchRegistry: true
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8000/eureka/

demo-multiversion-registration-api-1-v1:
   ribbon:
     # Eureka vipAddress of the target service
     DeploymentContextBasedVipAddresses: demo-multiversion-registration-api-1
     NIWSServerListClassName: com.netflix.niws.loadbalancer.DiscoveryEnabledNIWSServerList
     # Interval to refresh the server list from the source (ms)
     ServerListRefreshInterval: 30000

demo-multiversion-registration-api-1-v2:
   ribbon:
     # Eureka vipAddress of the target service
     DeploymentContextBasedVipAddresses: demo-multiversion-registration-api-1
     NIWSServerListClassName: com.netflix.niws.loadbalancer.DiscoveryEnabledNIWSServerList
     # Interval to refresh the server list from the source (ms)
     ServerListRefreshInterval: 30000
...

...
@Configuration
@RibbonClients(value = {
    @RibbonClient(name = "demo-multiversion-registration-api-1-v1", configuration = RibbonConfigDemoApi1V1.class),
    @RibbonClient(name = "demo-multiversion-registration-api-1-v2", configuration = RibbonConfigDemoApi1V2.class)
})
public class AppConfig {

    @Bean(name = "loadBalancedRestTemplate")
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate loadBalancedRestTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}
Application.java

...
@SpringBootApplication(scanBasePackages = {
    "com.asimio.api.multiversion.demo2.config",
    "com.asimio.api.multiversion.demo2.rest"
})
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

...
public class RibbonConfigDemoApi1V1 {

    private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;

    @Bean
    public ServerListFilter<Server> serverListFilter() {
        return new VersionedNIWSServerListFilter<>(this.discoveryClient, RibbonClientApi.DEMO_REGISTRATION_API_1_V1);
    }

    @Autowired
    public void setDiscoveryClient(DiscoveryClient discoveryClient) {
        this.discoveryClient = discoveryClient;
    }
}

...
public enum RibbonClientApi {

    DEMO_REGISTRATION_API_1_V1("demo-multiversion-registration-api-1", "v1"),

    DEMO_REGISTRATION_API_1_V2("demo-multiversion-registration-api-1", "v2");

    public final String serviceId;
    public final String version;

    private RibbonClientApi(String serviceId, String version) {
        this.serviceId = serviceId;
        this.version = version;
    }
}

...
public class VersionedNIWSServerListFilter<T extends Server> extends DefaultNIWSServerListFilter<T> {

    private static final String VERSION_KEY = "versions";

    private final DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;
    private final RibbonClientApi ribbonClientApi;

    public VersionedNIWSServerListFilter(DiscoveryClient discoveryClient, RibbonClientApi ribbonClientApi) {
        this.discoveryClient = discoveryClient;
        this.ribbonClientApi = ribbonClientApi;
    }

    @Override
    public List<T> getFilteredListOfServers(List<T> servers) {
        List<T> result = new ArrayList<>();
        List<ServiceInstance> serviceInstances = this.discoveryClient.getInstances(this.ribbonClientApi.serviceId);
        for (ServiceInstance serviceInstance : serviceInstances) {
            List<String> versions = this.getInstanceVersions(serviceInstance);
            if (versions.isEmpty() || versions.contains(this.ribbonClientApi.version)) {
                result.addAll(this.findServerForVersion(servers, serviceInstance));
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    private List<String> getInstanceVersions(ServiceInstance serviceInstance) {
        List<String> result = new ArrayList<>();
        String rawVersions = serviceInstance.getMetadata().get(VERSION_KEY);
        if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(rawVersions)) {
            result.addAll(Arrays.asList(rawVersions.split(",")));
        }
        return result;
    }
...

...
@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "/aggregation", produces = "application/json")
public class AggregationResource {

    private static final String ACTORS_SERVICE_ID_V1 = "demo-multiversion-registration-api-1-v1";
    private static final String ACTORS_SERVICE_ID_V2 = "demo-multiversion-registration-api-1-v2";

    private RestTemplate loadBalancedRestTemplate;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/v1/actors/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public com.asimio.api.multiversion.demo2.model.v1.Actor findActorV1(@PathVariable(value = "id") String id) {
        String url = String.format("http://%s/v1/actors/{id}", ACTORS_SERVICE_ID_V1);
        return this.loadBalancedRestTemplate.getForObject(url, com.asimio.api.multiversion.demo2.model.v1.Actor.class, id);
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/v2/actors/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public com.asimio.api.multiversion.demo2.model.v2.Actor findActorV2(@PathVariable(value = "id") String id) {
        String url = String.format("http://%s/v2/actors/{id}", ACTORS_SERVICE_ID_V2);
        return this.loadBalancedRestTemplate.getForObject(url, com.asimio.api.multiversion.demo2.model.v2.Actor.class, id);
    }

    @Autowired
    public void setLoadBalancedRestTemplate(RestTemplate loadBalancedRestTemplate) {
        this.loadBalancedRestTemplate = loadBalancedRestTemplate;
    }
}
AppConfig.java（请参见
功能区
客户端名称如何与应用程序.yml中的
功能区
键匹配

...
eureka:
  client:
    registerWithEureka: true
    fetchRegistry: true
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8000/eureka/
  instance:
    hostname: ${hostName}
    statusPageUrlPath: ${management.context-path}/info
    healthCheckUrlPath: ${management.context-path}/health
    preferIpAddress: true
    metadataMap:
      instanceId: ${spring.application.name}:${server.port}

---
spring:
   profiles: v1
eureka:
  instance:
    metadataMap:
      versions: v1

---
spring:
   profiles: v1v2
eureka:
  instance:
    metadataMap:
      versions: v1,v2
...

...
eureka:
  client:
    registerWithEureka: false
    fetchRegistry: true
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8000/eureka/

demo-multiversion-registration-api-1-v1:
   ribbon:
     # Eureka vipAddress of the target service
     DeploymentContextBasedVipAddresses: demo-multiversion-registration-api-1
     NIWSServerListClassName: com.netflix.niws.loadbalancer.DiscoveryEnabledNIWSServerList
     # Interval to refresh the server list from the source (ms)
     ServerListRefreshInterval: 30000

demo-multiversion-registration-api-1-v2:
   ribbon:
     # Eureka vipAddress of the target service
     DeploymentContextBasedVipAddresses: demo-multiversion-registration-api-1
     NIWSServerListClassName: com.netflix.niws.loadbalancer.DiscoveryEnabledNIWSServerList
     # Interval to refresh the server list from the source (ms)
     ServerListRefreshInterval: 30000
...

...
@Configuration
@RibbonClients(value = {
    @RibbonClient(name = "demo-multiversion-registration-api-1-v1", configuration = RibbonConfigDemoApi1V1.class),
    @RibbonClient(name = "demo-multiversion-registration-api-1-v2", configuration = RibbonConfigDemoApi1V2.class)
})
public class AppConfig {

    @Bean(name = "loadBalancedRestTemplate")
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate loadBalancedRestTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}
RibbonConfigDemoApi1V1.java

...
@SpringBootApplication(scanBasePackages = {
    "com.asimio.api.multiversion.demo2.config",
    "com.asimio.api.multiversion.demo2.rest"
})
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

...
public class RibbonConfigDemoApi1V1 {

    private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;

    @Bean
    public ServerListFilter<Server> serverListFilter() {
        return new VersionedNIWSServerListFilter<>(this.discoveryClient, RibbonClientApi.DEMO_REGISTRATION_API_1_V1);
    }

    @Autowired
    public void setDiscoveryClient(DiscoveryClient discoveryClient) {
        this.discoveryClient = discoveryClient;
    }
}

...
public enum RibbonClientApi {

    DEMO_REGISTRATION_API_1_V1("demo-multiversion-registration-api-1", "v1"),

    DEMO_REGISTRATION_API_1_V2("demo-multiversion-registration-api-1", "v2");

    public final String serviceId;
    public final String version;

    private RibbonClientApi(String serviceId, String version) {
        this.serviceId = serviceId;
        this.version = version;
    }
}

...
public class VersionedNIWSServerListFilter<T extends Server> extends DefaultNIWSServerListFilter<T> {

    private static final String VERSION_KEY = "versions";

    private final DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;
    private final RibbonClientApi ribbonClientApi;

    public VersionedNIWSServerListFilter(DiscoveryClient discoveryClient, RibbonClientApi ribbonClientApi) {
        this.discoveryClient = discoveryClient;
        this.ribbonClientApi = ribbonClientApi;
    }

    @Override
    public List<T> getFilteredListOfServers(List<T> servers) {
        List<T> result = new ArrayList<>();
        List<ServiceInstance> serviceInstances = this.discoveryClient.getInstances(this.ribbonClientApi.serviceId);
        for (ServiceInstance serviceInstance : serviceInstances) {
            List<String> versions = this.getInstanceVersions(serviceInstance);
            if (versions.isEmpty() || versions.contains(this.ribbonClientApi.version)) {
                result.addAll(this.findServerForVersion(servers, serviceInstance));
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    private List<String> getInstanceVersions(ServiceInstance serviceInstance) {
        List<String> result = new ArrayList<>();
        String rawVersions = serviceInstance.getMetadata().get(VERSION_KEY);
        if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(rawVersions)) {
            result.addAll(Arrays.asList(rawVersions.split(",")));
        }
        return result;
    }
...

...
@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "/aggregation", produces = "application/json")
public class AggregationResource {

    private static final String ACTORS_SERVICE_ID_V1 = "demo-multiversion-registration-api-1-v1";
    private static final String ACTORS_SERVICE_ID_V2 = "demo-multiversion-registration-api-1-v2";

    private RestTemplate loadBalancedRestTemplate;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/v1/actors/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public com.asimio.api.multiversion.demo2.model.v1.Actor findActorV1(@PathVariable(value = "id") String id) {
        String url = String.format("http://%s/v1/actors/{id}", ACTORS_SERVICE_ID_V1);
        return this.loadBalancedRestTemplate.getForObject(url, com.asimio.api.multiversion.demo2.model.v1.Actor.class, id);
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/v2/actors/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public com.asimio.api.multiversion.demo2.model.v2.Actor findActorV2(@PathVariable(value = "id") String id) {
        String url = String.format("http://%s/v2/actors/{id}", ACTORS_SERVICE_ID_V2);
        return this.loadBalancedRestTemplate.getForObject(url, com.asimio.api.multiversion.demo2.model.v2.Actor.class, id);
    }

    @Autowired
    public void setLoadBalancedRestTemplate(RestTemplate loadBalancedRestTemplate) {
        this.loadBalancedRestTemplate = loadBalancedRestTemplate;
    }
}
VersionedNIWSServerListFilter.java

...
@SpringBootApplication(scanBasePackages = {
    "com.asimio.api.multiversion.demo2.config",
    "com.asimio.api.multiversion.demo2.rest"
})
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

...
public class RibbonConfigDemoApi1V1 {

    private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;

    @Bean
    public ServerListFilter<Server> serverListFilter() {
        return new VersionedNIWSServerListFilter<>(this.discoveryClient, RibbonClientApi.DEMO_REGISTRATION_API_1_V1);
    }

    @Autowired
    public void setDiscoveryClient(DiscoveryClient discoveryClient) {
        this.discoveryClient = discoveryClient;
    }
}

...
public enum RibbonClientApi {

    DEMO_REGISTRATION_API_1_V1("demo-multiversion-registration-api-1", "v1"),

    DEMO_REGISTRATION_API_1_V2("demo-multiversion-registration-api-1", "v2");

    public final String serviceId;
    public final String version;

    private RibbonClientApi(String serviceId, String version) {
        this.serviceId = serviceId;
        this.version = version;
    }
}

...
public class VersionedNIWSServerListFilter<T extends Server> extends DefaultNIWSServerListFilter<T> {

    private static final String VERSION_KEY = "versions";

    private final DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;
    private final RibbonClientApi ribbonClientApi;

    public VersionedNIWSServerListFilter(DiscoveryClient discoveryClient, RibbonClientApi ribbonClientApi) {
        this.discoveryClient = discoveryClient;
        this.ribbonClientApi = ribbonClientApi;
    }

    @Override
    public List<T> getFilteredListOfServers(List<T> servers) {
        List<T> result = new ArrayList<>();
        List<ServiceInstance> serviceInstances = this.discoveryClient.getInstances(this.ribbonClientApi.serviceId);
        for (ServiceInstance serviceInstance : serviceInstances) {
            List<String> versions = this.getInstanceVersions(serviceInstance);
            if (versions.isEmpty() || versions.contains(this.ribbonClientApi.version)) {
                result.addAll(this.findServerForVersion(servers, serviceInstance));
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    private List<String> getInstanceVersions(ServiceInstance serviceInstance) {
        List<String> result = new ArrayList<>();
        String rawVersions = serviceInstance.getMetadata().get(VERSION_KEY);
        if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(rawVersions)) {
            result.addAll(Arrays.asList(rawVersions.split(",")));
        }
        return result;
    }
...

...
@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "/aggregation", produces = "application/json")
public class AggregationResource {

    private static final String ACTORS_SERVICE_ID_V1 = "demo-multiversion-registration-api-1-v1";
    private static final String ACTORS_SERVICE_ID_V2 = "demo-multiversion-registration-api-1-v2";

    private RestTemplate loadBalancedRestTemplate;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/v1/actors/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public com.asimio.api.multiversion.demo2.model.v1.Actor findActorV1(@PathVariable(value = "id") String id) {
        String url = String.format("http://%s/v1/actors/{id}", ACTORS_SERVICE_ID_V1);
        return this.loadBalancedRestTemplate.getForObject(url, com.asimio.api.multiversion.demo2.model.v1.Actor.class, id);
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/v2/actors/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public com.asimio.api.multiversion.demo2.model.v2.Actor findActorV2(@PathVariable(value = "id") String id) {
        String url = String.format("http://%s/v2/actors/{id}", ACTORS_SERVICE_ID_V2);
        return this.loadBalancedRestTemplate.getForObject(url, com.asimio.api.multiversion.demo2.model.v2.Actor.class, id);
    }

    @Autowired
    public void setLoadBalancedRestTemplate(RestTemplate loadBalancedRestTemplate) {
        this.loadBalancedRestTemplate = loadBalancedRestTemplate;
    }
}
你能用一个真实的场景来解释你对服务版本控制的需求吗？非常有趣的问题和链接，感谢你给我指明了这个方向！示例场景：假设我想部署一个新版本的“customerReview”服务，引入不向后兼容的更改，而不必迁移所有其他调用它的服务一次。因此，我必须保持customerReview的新旧版本都在运行，至少是暂时的。为了保持代码干净，我希望避免在同一服务实例中重复“版本化”端点。到目前为止，我想不出比在不同的spring.application.name下部署和在URL中使用版本化来路由请求更好的方法ests…@yoann-h你是对的，它需要部署同一服务的多个版本，这是任何微服务Landscape的典型。听起来不错。你能详细说明一下如何实现多重注册吗？（目前我只使用基于spring.application.name属性的服务名的基本注册）使用Java库似乎有点棘手。REST API肯定支持它，但底层类似乎只适用于一个实例配置。您可以做的是为每个别名创建一个单独的
DiscoveryClient
。不过，您必须自己设置它，所以看看spring cloud是如何用于inspi的定量。我还建议您支持
DiscoveryClient
中的别名。事实上，这可能会证明一个功能请求是合理的。我会进一步挖掘并提交一个。这也可能会导致对一些替代解决方案的解释。我会尝试用我的发现更新此主题。如果在user-1.6到user-1.1中发现错误，会怎么样？不会这种方法要求每个版本有一个分支？每个版本有一个CI/CD管道？这难道不意味着将所有的复杂性都传递给DevOps吗？