Javascript 使用Node.js执行命令行二进制文件
我正在将一个CLI库从Ruby over移植到Node.js。在我的代码中,必要时我会执行几个第三方二进制文件。我不确定如何最好地在Node中完成这一点 下面是Ruby中的一个示例,我调用PrinceXML将文件转换为PDF:Javascript 使用Node.js执行命令行二进制文件,javascript,ruby,node.js,command-line-interface,Javascript,Ruby,Node.js,Command Line Interface,我正在将一个CLI库从Ruby over移植到Node.js。在我的代码中,必要时我会执行几个第三方二进制文件。我不确定如何最好地在Node中完成这一点 下面是Ruby中的一个示例,我调用PrinceXML将文件转换为PDF: cmd = system("prince -v builds/pdf/book.html -o builds/pdf/book.pdf") 节点中的等效代码是什么?您要查找的代码 以下是一个例子: const exec = require('child_process'
cmd = system("prince -v builds/pdf/book.html -o builds/pdf/book.pdf")
节点中的等效代码是什么?您要查找的代码
以下是一个例子:
const exec = require('child_process').exec;
const child = exec('cat *.js bad_file | wc -l',
(error, stdout, stderr) => {
console.log(`stdout: ${stdout}`);
console.log(`stderr: ${stderr}`);
if (error !== null) {
console.log(`exec error: ${error}`);
}
});
对于更新版本的Node.js(v8.1.4),事件和调用与旧版本类似或相同,但鼓励使用标准的更新语言功能。示例: 对于缓冲、非流格式的输出(一次获得所有输出),请使用: 您也可以将其用于承诺:
const util = require('util');
const exec = util.promisify(require('child_process').exec);
async function ls() {
const { stdout, stderr } = await exec('ls');
console.log('stdout:', stdout);
console.log('stderr:', stderr);
}
ls();
如果希望以块的形式逐渐接收数据(以流的形式输出),请使用:
这两个函数都有一个同步的对应项。例如:
以及:
注意:以下代码仍然有效,但主要针对ES5及以前版本的用户 使用Node.js生成子进程的模块在(v5.0.0)中有详细的说明。要执行命令并获取其作为缓冲区的完整输出,请使用: 如果需要对流使用handle process I/O,例如当需要大量输出时,请使用: 如果执行的是文件而不是命令,则可能需要使用与
spawn
几乎相同的参数,但有第四个回调参数,如exec
,用于检索输出缓冲区。看起来可能有点像这样:
var execFile = require('child_process').execFile;
execFile(file, args, options, function(error, stdout, stderr) {
// command output is in stdout
});
const system = require('system-commands')
system('ls').then(output => {
console.log(output)
}).catch(error => {
console.error(error)
})
截至,节点现在支持同步
spawn
和exec
。上面描述的所有方法都是异步的,并且都有一个同步的对应方法。可以找到它们的文档。虽然它们对脚本编写很有用,但请注意,与用于异步生成子进程的方法不同,同步方法不会返回的实例。我刚刚编写了一个Cli帮助程序,以便轻松处理Unix/windows
Javascript:
define(["require", "exports"], function (require, exports) {
/**
* Helper to use the Command Line Interface (CLI) easily with both Windows and Unix environments.
* Requires underscore or lodash as global through "_".
*/
var Cli = (function () {
function Cli() {}
/**
* Execute a CLI command.
* Manage Windows and Unix environment and try to execute the command on both env if fails.
* Order: Windows -> Unix.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @param callback Success.
* @param callbackErrorWindows Failure on Windows env.
* @param callbackErrorUnix Failure on Unix env.
*/
Cli.execute = function (command, args, callback, callbackErrorWindows, callbackErrorUnix) {
if (typeof args === "undefined") {
args = [];
}
Cli.windows(command, args, callback, function () {
callbackErrorWindows();
try {
Cli.unix(command, args, callback, callbackErrorUnix);
} catch (e) {
console.log('------------- Failed to perform the command: "' + command + '" on all environments. -------------');
}
});
};
/**
* Execute a command on Windows environment.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @param callback Success callback.
* @param callbackError Failure callback.
*/
Cli.windows = function (command, args, callback, callbackError) {
if (typeof args === "undefined") {
args = [];
}
try {
Cli._execute(process.env.comspec, _.union(['/c', command], args));
callback(command, args, 'Windows');
} catch (e) {
callbackError(command, args, 'Windows');
}
};
/**
* Execute a command on Unix environment.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @param callback Success callback.
* @param callbackError Failure callback.
*/
Cli.unix = function (command, args, callback, callbackError) {
if (typeof args === "undefined") {
args = [];
}
try {
Cli._execute(command, args);
callback(command, args, 'Unix');
} catch (e) {
callbackError(command, args, 'Unix');
}
};
/**
* Execute a command no matters what's the environment.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @private
*/
Cli._execute = function (command, args) {
var spawn = require('child_process').spawn;
var childProcess = spawn(command, args);
childProcess.stdout.on("data", function (data) {
console.log(data.toString());
});
childProcess.stderr.on("data", function (data) {
console.error(data.toString());
});
};
return Cli;
})();
exports.Cli = Cli;
});
/**
* Helper to use the Command Line Interface (CLI) easily with both Windows and Unix environments.
* Requires underscore or lodash as global through "_".
*/
export class Cli {
/**
* Execute a CLI command.
* Manage Windows and Unix environment and try to execute the command on both env if fails.
* Order: Windows -> Unix.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @param callback Success.
* @param callbackErrorWindows Failure on Windows env.
* @param callbackErrorUnix Failure on Unix env.
*/
public static execute(command: string, args: string[] = [], callback ? : any, callbackErrorWindows ? : any, callbackErrorUnix ? : any) {
Cli.windows(command, args, callback, function () {
callbackErrorWindows();
try {
Cli.unix(command, args, callback, callbackErrorUnix);
} catch (e) {
console.log('------------- Failed to perform the command: "' + command + '" on all environments. -------------');
}
});
}
/**
* Execute a command on Windows environment.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @param callback Success callback.
* @param callbackError Failure callback.
*/
public static windows(command: string, args: string[] = [], callback ? : any, callbackError ? : any) {
try {
Cli._execute(process.env.comspec, _.union(['/c', command], args));
callback(command, args, 'Windows');
} catch (e) {
callbackError(command, args, 'Windows');
}
}
/**
* Execute a command on Unix environment.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @param callback Success callback.
* @param callbackError Failure callback.
*/
public static unix(command: string, args: string[] = [], callback ? : any, callbackError ? : any) {
try {
Cli._execute(command, args);
callback(command, args, 'Unix');
} catch (e) {
callbackError(command, args, 'Unix');
}
}
/**
* Execute a command no matters what's the environment.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @private
*/
private static _execute(command, args) {
var spawn = require('child_process').spawn;
var childProcess = spawn(command, args);
childProcess.stdout.on("data", function (data) {
console.log(data.toString());
});
childProcess.stderr.on("data", function (data) {
console.error(data.toString());
});
}
}
Example of use:
Cli.execute(Grunt._command, args, function (command, args, env) {
console.log('Grunt has been automatically executed. (' + env + ')');
}, function (command, args, env) {
console.error('------------- Windows "' + command + '" command failed, trying Unix... ---------------');
}, function (command, args, env) {
console.error('------------- Unix "' + command + '" command failed too. ---------------');
});
'use strict';
const { spawn } = require( 'child_process' );
const ls = spawn( 'ls', [ '-lh', '/usr' ] );
ls.stdout.on( 'data', ( data ) => {
console.log( `stdout: ${ data }` );
} );
ls.stderr.on( 'data', ( data ) => {
console.log( `stderr: ${ data }` );
} );
ls.on( 'close', ( code ) => {
console.log( `child process exited with code ${ code }` );
} );
'use strict';
const { spawn } = require( 'child_process' );
// NOTE: Windows Users, this command appears to be differ for a few users.
// You can think of this as using Node to execute things in your Command Prompt.
// If `cmd` works there, it should work here.
// If you have an issue, try `dir`:
// const dir = spawn( 'dir', [ '.' ] );
const dir = spawn( 'cmd', [ '/c', 'dir' ] );
dir.stdout.on( 'data', ( data ) => console.log( `stdout: ${ data }` ) );
dir.stderr.on( 'data', ( data ) => console.log( `stderr: ${ data }` ) );
dir.on( 'close', ( code ) => console.log( `child process exited with code ${code}` ) );
'use strict';
const { spawnSync } = require( 'child_process' );
const ls = spawnSync( 'ls', [ '-lh', '/usr' ] );
console.log( `stderr: ${ ls.stderr.toString() }` );
console.log( `stdout: ${ ls.stdout.toString() }` );
Typescript原始源文件:
define(["require", "exports"], function (require, exports) {
/**
* Helper to use the Command Line Interface (CLI) easily with both Windows and Unix environments.
* Requires underscore or lodash as global through "_".
*/
var Cli = (function () {
function Cli() {}
/**
* Execute a CLI command.
* Manage Windows and Unix environment and try to execute the command on both env if fails.
* Order: Windows -> Unix.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @param callback Success.
* @param callbackErrorWindows Failure on Windows env.
* @param callbackErrorUnix Failure on Unix env.
*/
Cli.execute = function (command, args, callback, callbackErrorWindows, callbackErrorUnix) {
if (typeof args === "undefined") {
args = [];
}
Cli.windows(command, args, callback, function () {
callbackErrorWindows();
try {
Cli.unix(command, args, callback, callbackErrorUnix);
} catch (e) {
console.log('------------- Failed to perform the command: "' + command + '" on all environments. -------------');
}
});
};
/**
* Execute a command on Windows environment.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @param callback Success callback.
* @param callbackError Failure callback.
*/
Cli.windows = function (command, args, callback, callbackError) {
if (typeof args === "undefined") {
args = [];
}
try {
Cli._execute(process.env.comspec, _.union(['/c', command], args));
callback(command, args, 'Windows');
} catch (e) {
callbackError(command, args, 'Windows');
}
};
/**
* Execute a command on Unix environment.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @param callback Success callback.
* @param callbackError Failure callback.
*/
Cli.unix = function (command, args, callback, callbackError) {
if (typeof args === "undefined") {
args = [];
}
try {
Cli._execute(command, args);
callback(command, args, 'Unix');
} catch (e) {
callbackError(command, args, 'Unix');
}
};
/**
* Execute a command no matters what's the environment.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @private
*/
Cli._execute = function (command, args) {
var spawn = require('child_process').spawn;
var childProcess = spawn(command, args);
childProcess.stdout.on("data", function (data) {
console.log(data.toString());
});
childProcess.stderr.on("data", function (data) {
console.error(data.toString());
});
};
return Cli;
})();
exports.Cli = Cli;
});
/**
* Helper to use the Command Line Interface (CLI) easily with both Windows and Unix environments.
* Requires underscore or lodash as global through "_".
*/
export class Cli {
/**
* Execute a CLI command.
* Manage Windows and Unix environment and try to execute the command on both env if fails.
* Order: Windows -> Unix.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @param callback Success.
* @param callbackErrorWindows Failure on Windows env.
* @param callbackErrorUnix Failure on Unix env.
*/
public static execute(command: string, args: string[] = [], callback ? : any, callbackErrorWindows ? : any, callbackErrorUnix ? : any) {
Cli.windows(command, args, callback, function () {
callbackErrorWindows();
try {
Cli.unix(command, args, callback, callbackErrorUnix);
} catch (e) {
console.log('------------- Failed to perform the command: "' + command + '" on all environments. -------------');
}
});
}
/**
* Execute a command on Windows environment.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @param callback Success callback.
* @param callbackError Failure callback.
*/
public static windows(command: string, args: string[] = [], callback ? : any, callbackError ? : any) {
try {
Cli._execute(process.env.comspec, _.union(['/c', command], args));
callback(command, args, 'Windows');
} catch (e) {
callbackError(command, args, 'Windows');
}
}
/**
* Execute a command on Unix environment.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @param callback Success callback.
* @param callbackError Failure callback.
*/
public static unix(command: string, args: string[] = [], callback ? : any, callbackError ? : any) {
try {
Cli._execute(command, args);
callback(command, args, 'Unix');
} catch (e) {
callbackError(command, args, 'Unix');
}
}
/**
* Execute a command no matters what's the environment.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @private
*/
private static _execute(command, args) {
var spawn = require('child_process').spawn;
var childProcess = spawn(command, args);
childProcess.stdout.on("data", function (data) {
console.log(data.toString());
});
childProcess.stderr.on("data", function (data) {
console.error(data.toString());
});
}
}
Example of use:
Cli.execute(Grunt._command, args, function (command, args, env) {
console.log('Grunt has been automatically executed. (' + env + ')');
}, function (command, args, env) {
console.error('------------- Windows "' + command + '" command failed, trying Unix... ---------------');
}, function (command, args, env) {
console.error('------------- Unix "' + command + '" command failed too. ---------------');
});
'use strict';
const { spawn } = require( 'child_process' );
const ls = spawn( 'ls', [ '-lh', '/usr' ] );
ls.stdout.on( 'data', ( data ) => {
console.log( `stdout: ${ data }` );
} );
ls.stderr.on( 'data', ( data ) => {
console.log( `stderr: ${ data }` );
} );
ls.on( 'close', ( code ) => {
console.log( `child process exited with code ${ code }` );
} );
'use strict';
const { spawn } = require( 'child_process' );
// NOTE: Windows Users, this command appears to be differ for a few users.
// You can think of this as using Node to execute things in your Command Prompt.
// If `cmd` works there, it should work here.
// If you have an issue, try `dir`:
// const dir = spawn( 'dir', [ '.' ] );
const dir = spawn( 'cmd', [ '/c', 'dir' ] );
dir.stdout.on( 'data', ( data ) => console.log( `stdout: ${ data }` ) );
dir.stderr.on( 'data', ( data ) => console.log( `stderr: ${ data }` ) );
dir.on( 'close', ( code ) => console.log( `child process exited with code ${code}` ) );
'use strict';
const { spawnSync } = require( 'child_process' );
const ls = spawnSync( 'ls', [ '-lh', '/usr' ] );
console.log( `stderr: ${ ls.stderr.toString() }` );
console.log( `stdout: ${ ls.stdout.toString() }` );
节点JSv15.8.0
,LTSv14.15.4
,和v12.20.1
——2021年2月
异步方法(Unix):
define(["require", "exports"], function (require, exports) {
/**
* Helper to use the Command Line Interface (CLI) easily with both Windows and Unix environments.
* Requires underscore or lodash as global through "_".
*/
var Cli = (function () {
function Cli() {}
/**
* Execute a CLI command.
* Manage Windows and Unix environment and try to execute the command on both env if fails.
* Order: Windows -> Unix.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @param callback Success.
* @param callbackErrorWindows Failure on Windows env.
* @param callbackErrorUnix Failure on Unix env.
*/
Cli.execute = function (command, args, callback, callbackErrorWindows, callbackErrorUnix) {
if (typeof args === "undefined") {
args = [];
}
Cli.windows(command, args, callback, function () {
callbackErrorWindows();
try {
Cli.unix(command, args, callback, callbackErrorUnix);
} catch (e) {
console.log('------------- Failed to perform the command: "' + command + '" on all environments. -------------');
}
});
};
/**
* Execute a command on Windows environment.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @param callback Success callback.
* @param callbackError Failure callback.
*/
Cli.windows = function (command, args, callback, callbackError) {
if (typeof args === "undefined") {
args = [];
}
try {
Cli._execute(process.env.comspec, _.union(['/c', command], args));
callback(command, args, 'Windows');
} catch (e) {
callbackError(command, args, 'Windows');
}
};
/**
* Execute a command on Unix environment.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @param callback Success callback.
* @param callbackError Failure callback.
*/
Cli.unix = function (command, args, callback, callbackError) {
if (typeof args === "undefined") {
args = [];
}
try {
Cli._execute(command, args);
callback(command, args, 'Unix');
} catch (e) {
callbackError(command, args, 'Unix');
}
};
/**
* Execute a command no matters what's the environment.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @private
*/
Cli._execute = function (command, args) {
var spawn = require('child_process').spawn;
var childProcess = spawn(command, args);
childProcess.stdout.on("data", function (data) {
console.log(data.toString());
});
childProcess.stderr.on("data", function (data) {
console.error(data.toString());
});
};
return Cli;
})();
exports.Cli = Cli;
});
/**
* Helper to use the Command Line Interface (CLI) easily with both Windows and Unix environments.
* Requires underscore or lodash as global through "_".
*/
export class Cli {
/**
* Execute a CLI command.
* Manage Windows and Unix environment and try to execute the command on both env if fails.
* Order: Windows -> Unix.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @param callback Success.
* @param callbackErrorWindows Failure on Windows env.
* @param callbackErrorUnix Failure on Unix env.
*/
public static execute(command: string, args: string[] = [], callback ? : any, callbackErrorWindows ? : any, callbackErrorUnix ? : any) {
Cli.windows(command, args, callback, function () {
callbackErrorWindows();
try {
Cli.unix(command, args, callback, callbackErrorUnix);
} catch (e) {
console.log('------------- Failed to perform the command: "' + command + '" on all environments. -------------');
}
});
}
/**
* Execute a command on Windows environment.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @param callback Success callback.
* @param callbackError Failure callback.
*/
public static windows(command: string, args: string[] = [], callback ? : any, callbackError ? : any) {
try {
Cli._execute(process.env.comspec, _.union(['/c', command], args));
callback(command, args, 'Windows');
} catch (e) {
callbackError(command, args, 'Windows');
}
}
/**
* Execute a command on Unix environment.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @param callback Success callback.
* @param callbackError Failure callback.
*/
public static unix(command: string, args: string[] = [], callback ? : any, callbackError ? : any) {
try {
Cli._execute(command, args);
callback(command, args, 'Unix');
} catch (e) {
callbackError(command, args, 'Unix');
}
}
/**
* Execute a command no matters what's the environment.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @private
*/
private static _execute(command, args) {
var spawn = require('child_process').spawn;
var childProcess = spawn(command, args);
childProcess.stdout.on("data", function (data) {
console.log(data.toString());
});
childProcess.stderr.on("data", function (data) {
console.error(data.toString());
});
}
}
Example of use:
Cli.execute(Grunt._command, args, function (command, args, env) {
console.log('Grunt has been automatically executed. (' + env + ')');
}, function (command, args, env) {
console.error('------------- Windows "' + command + '" command failed, trying Unix... ---------------');
}, function (command, args, env) {
console.error('------------- Unix "' + command + '" command failed too. ---------------');
});
'use strict';
const { spawn } = require( 'child_process' );
const ls = spawn( 'ls', [ '-lh', '/usr' ] );
ls.stdout.on( 'data', ( data ) => {
console.log( `stdout: ${ data }` );
} );
ls.stderr.on( 'data', ( data ) => {
console.log( `stderr: ${ data }` );
} );
ls.on( 'close', ( code ) => {
console.log( `child process exited with code ${ code }` );
} );
'use strict';
const { spawn } = require( 'child_process' );
// NOTE: Windows Users, this command appears to be differ for a few users.
// You can think of this as using Node to execute things in your Command Prompt.
// If `cmd` works there, it should work here.
// If you have an issue, try `dir`:
// const dir = spawn( 'dir', [ '.' ] );
const dir = spawn( 'cmd', [ '/c', 'dir' ] );
dir.stdout.on( 'data', ( data ) => console.log( `stdout: ${ data }` ) );
dir.stderr.on( 'data', ( data ) => console.log( `stderr: ${ data }` ) );
dir.on( 'close', ( code ) => console.log( `child process exited with code ${code}` ) );
'use strict';
const { spawnSync } = require( 'child_process' );
const ls = spawnSync( 'ls', [ '-lh', '/usr' ] );
console.log( `stderr: ${ ls.stderr.toString() }` );
console.log( `stdout: ${ ls.stdout.toString() }` );
异步方法(Windows):
define(["require", "exports"], function (require, exports) {
/**
* Helper to use the Command Line Interface (CLI) easily with both Windows and Unix environments.
* Requires underscore or lodash as global through "_".
*/
var Cli = (function () {
function Cli() {}
/**
* Execute a CLI command.
* Manage Windows and Unix environment and try to execute the command on both env if fails.
* Order: Windows -> Unix.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @param callback Success.
* @param callbackErrorWindows Failure on Windows env.
* @param callbackErrorUnix Failure on Unix env.
*/
Cli.execute = function (command, args, callback, callbackErrorWindows, callbackErrorUnix) {
if (typeof args === "undefined") {
args = [];
}
Cli.windows(command, args, callback, function () {
callbackErrorWindows();
try {
Cli.unix(command, args, callback, callbackErrorUnix);
} catch (e) {
console.log('------------- Failed to perform the command: "' + command + '" on all environments. -------------');
}
});
};
/**
* Execute a command on Windows environment.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @param callback Success callback.
* @param callbackError Failure callback.
*/
Cli.windows = function (command, args, callback, callbackError) {
if (typeof args === "undefined") {
args = [];
}
try {
Cli._execute(process.env.comspec, _.union(['/c', command], args));
callback(command, args, 'Windows');
} catch (e) {
callbackError(command, args, 'Windows');
}
};
/**
* Execute a command on Unix environment.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @param callback Success callback.
* @param callbackError Failure callback.
*/
Cli.unix = function (command, args, callback, callbackError) {
if (typeof args === "undefined") {
args = [];
}
try {
Cli._execute(command, args);
callback(command, args, 'Unix');
} catch (e) {
callbackError(command, args, 'Unix');
}
};
/**
* Execute a command no matters what's the environment.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @private
*/
Cli._execute = function (command, args) {
var spawn = require('child_process').spawn;
var childProcess = spawn(command, args);
childProcess.stdout.on("data", function (data) {
console.log(data.toString());
});
childProcess.stderr.on("data", function (data) {
console.error(data.toString());
});
};
return Cli;
})();
exports.Cli = Cli;
});
/**
* Helper to use the Command Line Interface (CLI) easily with both Windows and Unix environments.
* Requires underscore or lodash as global through "_".
*/
export class Cli {
/**
* Execute a CLI command.
* Manage Windows and Unix environment and try to execute the command on both env if fails.
* Order: Windows -> Unix.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @param callback Success.
* @param callbackErrorWindows Failure on Windows env.
* @param callbackErrorUnix Failure on Unix env.
*/
public static execute(command: string, args: string[] = [], callback ? : any, callbackErrorWindows ? : any, callbackErrorUnix ? : any) {
Cli.windows(command, args, callback, function () {
callbackErrorWindows();
try {
Cli.unix(command, args, callback, callbackErrorUnix);
} catch (e) {
console.log('------------- Failed to perform the command: "' + command + '" on all environments. -------------');
}
});
}
/**
* Execute a command on Windows environment.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @param callback Success callback.
* @param callbackError Failure callback.
*/
public static windows(command: string, args: string[] = [], callback ? : any, callbackError ? : any) {
try {
Cli._execute(process.env.comspec, _.union(['/c', command], args));
callback(command, args, 'Windows');
} catch (e) {
callbackError(command, args, 'Windows');
}
}
/**
* Execute a command on Unix environment.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @param callback Success callback.
* @param callbackError Failure callback.
*/
public static unix(command: string, args: string[] = [], callback ? : any, callbackError ? : any) {
try {
Cli._execute(command, args);
callback(command, args, 'Unix');
} catch (e) {
callbackError(command, args, 'Unix');
}
}
/**
* Execute a command no matters what's the environment.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @private
*/
private static _execute(command, args) {
var spawn = require('child_process').spawn;
var childProcess = spawn(command, args);
childProcess.stdout.on("data", function (data) {
console.log(data.toString());
});
childProcess.stderr.on("data", function (data) {
console.error(data.toString());
});
}
}
Example of use:
Cli.execute(Grunt._command, args, function (command, args, env) {
console.log('Grunt has been automatically executed. (' + env + ')');
}, function (command, args, env) {
console.error('------------- Windows "' + command + '" command failed, trying Unix... ---------------');
}, function (command, args, env) {
console.error('------------- Unix "' + command + '" command failed too. ---------------');
});
'use strict';
const { spawn } = require( 'child_process' );
const ls = spawn( 'ls', [ '-lh', '/usr' ] );
ls.stdout.on( 'data', ( data ) => {
console.log( `stdout: ${ data }` );
} );
ls.stderr.on( 'data', ( data ) => {
console.log( `stderr: ${ data }` );
} );
ls.on( 'close', ( code ) => {
console.log( `child process exited with code ${ code }` );
} );
'use strict';
const { spawn } = require( 'child_process' );
// NOTE: Windows Users, this command appears to be differ for a few users.
// You can think of this as using Node to execute things in your Command Prompt.
// If `cmd` works there, it should work here.
// If you have an issue, try `dir`:
// const dir = spawn( 'dir', [ '.' ] );
const dir = spawn( 'cmd', [ '/c', 'dir' ] );
dir.stdout.on( 'data', ( data ) => console.log( `stdout: ${ data }` ) );
dir.stderr.on( 'data', ( data ) => console.log( `stderr: ${ data }` ) );
dir.on( 'close', ( code ) => console.log( `child process exited with code ${code}` ) );
'use strict';
const { spawnSync } = require( 'child_process' );
const ls = spawnSync( 'ls', [ '-lh', '/usr' ] );
console.log( `stderr: ${ ls.stderr.toString() }` );
console.log( `stdout: ${ ls.stdout.toString() }` );
同步:
define(["require", "exports"], function (require, exports) {
/**
* Helper to use the Command Line Interface (CLI) easily with both Windows and Unix environments.
* Requires underscore or lodash as global through "_".
*/
var Cli = (function () {
function Cli() {}
/**
* Execute a CLI command.
* Manage Windows and Unix environment and try to execute the command on both env if fails.
* Order: Windows -> Unix.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @param callback Success.
* @param callbackErrorWindows Failure on Windows env.
* @param callbackErrorUnix Failure on Unix env.
*/
Cli.execute = function (command, args, callback, callbackErrorWindows, callbackErrorUnix) {
if (typeof args === "undefined") {
args = [];
}
Cli.windows(command, args, callback, function () {
callbackErrorWindows();
try {
Cli.unix(command, args, callback, callbackErrorUnix);
} catch (e) {
console.log('------------- Failed to perform the command: "' + command + '" on all environments. -------------');
}
});
};
/**
* Execute a command on Windows environment.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @param callback Success callback.
* @param callbackError Failure callback.
*/
Cli.windows = function (command, args, callback, callbackError) {
if (typeof args === "undefined") {
args = [];
}
try {
Cli._execute(process.env.comspec, _.union(['/c', command], args));
callback(command, args, 'Windows');
} catch (e) {
callbackError(command, args, 'Windows');
}
};
/**
* Execute a command on Unix environment.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @param callback Success callback.
* @param callbackError Failure callback.
*/
Cli.unix = function (command, args, callback, callbackError) {
if (typeof args === "undefined") {
args = [];
}
try {
Cli._execute(command, args);
callback(command, args, 'Unix');
} catch (e) {
callbackError(command, args, 'Unix');
}
};
/**
* Execute a command no matters what's the environment.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @private
*/
Cli._execute = function (command, args) {
var spawn = require('child_process').spawn;
var childProcess = spawn(command, args);
childProcess.stdout.on("data", function (data) {
console.log(data.toString());
});
childProcess.stderr.on("data", function (data) {
console.error(data.toString());
});
};
return Cli;
})();
exports.Cli = Cli;
});
/**
* Helper to use the Command Line Interface (CLI) easily with both Windows and Unix environments.
* Requires underscore or lodash as global through "_".
*/
export class Cli {
/**
* Execute a CLI command.
* Manage Windows and Unix environment and try to execute the command on both env if fails.
* Order: Windows -> Unix.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @param callback Success.
* @param callbackErrorWindows Failure on Windows env.
* @param callbackErrorUnix Failure on Unix env.
*/
public static execute(command: string, args: string[] = [], callback ? : any, callbackErrorWindows ? : any, callbackErrorUnix ? : any) {
Cli.windows(command, args, callback, function () {
callbackErrorWindows();
try {
Cli.unix(command, args, callback, callbackErrorUnix);
} catch (e) {
console.log('------------- Failed to perform the command: "' + command + '" on all environments. -------------');
}
});
}
/**
* Execute a command on Windows environment.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @param callback Success callback.
* @param callbackError Failure callback.
*/
public static windows(command: string, args: string[] = [], callback ? : any, callbackError ? : any) {
try {
Cli._execute(process.env.comspec, _.union(['/c', command], args));
callback(command, args, 'Windows');
} catch (e) {
callbackError(command, args, 'Windows');
}
}
/**
* Execute a command on Unix environment.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @param callback Success callback.
* @param callbackError Failure callback.
*/
public static unix(command: string, args: string[] = [], callback ? : any, callbackError ? : any) {
try {
Cli._execute(command, args);
callback(command, args, 'Unix');
} catch (e) {
callbackError(command, args, 'Unix');
}
}
/**
* Execute a command no matters what's the environment.
*
* @param command Command to execute. ('grunt')
* @param args Args of the command. ('watch')
* @private
*/
private static _execute(command, args) {
var spawn = require('child_process').spawn;
var childProcess = spawn(command, args);
childProcess.stdout.on("data", function (data) {
console.log(data.toString());
});
childProcess.stderr.on("data", function (data) {
console.error(data.toString());
});
}
}
Example of use:
Cli.execute(Grunt._command, args, function (command, args, env) {
console.log('Grunt has been automatically executed. (' + env + ')');
}, function (command, args, env) {
console.error('------------- Windows "' + command + '" command failed, trying Unix... ---------------');
}, function (command, args, env) {
console.error('------------- Unix "' + command + '" command failed too. ---------------');
});
'use strict';
const { spawn } = require( 'child_process' );
const ls = spawn( 'ls', [ '-lh', '/usr' ] );
ls.stdout.on( 'data', ( data ) => {
console.log( `stdout: ${ data }` );
} );
ls.stderr.on( 'data', ( data ) => {
console.log( `stderr: ${ data }` );
} );
ls.on( 'close', ( code ) => {
console.log( `child process exited with code ${ code }` );
} );
'use strict';
const { spawn } = require( 'child_process' );
// NOTE: Windows Users, this command appears to be differ for a few users.
// You can think of this as using Node to execute things in your Command Prompt.
// If `cmd` works there, it should work here.
// If you have an issue, try `dir`:
// const dir = spawn( 'dir', [ '.' ] );
const dir = spawn( 'cmd', [ '/c', 'dir' ] );
dir.stdout.on( 'data', ( data ) => console.log( `stdout: ${ data }` ) );
dir.stderr.on( 'data', ( data ) => console.log( `stderr: ${ data }` ) );
dir.on( 'close', ( code ) => console.log( `child process exited with code ${code}` ) );
'use strict';
const { spawnSync } = require( 'child_process' );
const ls = spawnSync( 'ls', [ '-lh', '/usr' ] );
console.log( `stderr: ${ ls.stderr.toString() }` );
console.log( `stdout: ${ ls.stdout.toString() }` );
从
六氰化物的答案几乎是一个完整的答案。 在Windows上的命令
prince
可以是prince.exe
,prince.cmd
,prince.bat
,也可以是prince
(我不知道gems是如何捆绑的,但是npm容器中有一个sh脚本和一个批处理脚本-npm
和npm.cmd
)。
如果您想编写一个在Unix和Windows上运行的可移植脚本,那么必须生成正确的可执行文件
下面是一个简单但可移植的spawn函数:
function spawn(cmd, args, opt) {
var isWindows = /win/.test(process.platform);
if ( isWindows ) {
if ( !args ) args = [];
args.unshift(cmd);
args.unshift('/c');
cmd = process.env.comspec;
}
return child_process.spawn(cmd, args, opt);
}
var cmd = spawn("prince", ["-v", "builds/pdf/book.html", "-o", "builds/pdf/book.pdf"])
// Use these props to get execution results:
// cmd.stdin;
// cmd.stdout;
// cmd.stderr;
从第4版开始,最接近的替代方案是
子进程。execSync
:
⚠️ 请注意,execSync
调用会阻止事件循环
如果您想要的东西非常类似,但也是同步的,那么这将起作用
var execSync = require('child_process').execSync;
var cmd = "echo 'hello world'";
var options = {
encoding: 'utf8'
};
console.log(execSync(cmd, options));
如果您不介意依赖关系,并且希望使用承诺,那么: 安装
npm install child-process-promise --save
exec用法
var exec = require('child-process-promise').exec;
exec('echo hello')
.then(function (result) {
var stdout = result.stdout;
var stderr = result.stderr;
console.log('stdout: ', stdout);
console.log('stderr: ', stderr);
})
.catch(function (err) {
console.error('ERROR: ', err);
});
var spawn = require('child-process-promise').spawn;
var promise = spawn('echo', ['hello']);
var childProcess = promise.childProcess;
console.log('[spawn] childProcess.pid: ', childProcess.pid);
childProcess.stdout.on('data', function (data) {
console.log('[spawn] stdout: ', data.toString());
});
childProcess.stderr.on('data', function (data) {
console.log('[spawn] stderr: ', data.toString());
});
promise.then(function () {
console.log('[spawn] done!');
})
.catch(function (err) {
console.error('[spawn] ERROR: ', err);
});
生成用法
var exec = require('child-process-promise').exec;
exec('echo hello')
.then(function (result) {
var stdout = result.stdout;
var stderr = result.stderr;
console.log('stdout: ', stdout);
console.log('stderr: ', stderr);
})
.catch(function (err) {
console.error('ERROR: ', err);
});
var spawn = require('child-process-promise').spawn;
var promise = spawn('echo', ['hello']);
var childProcess = promise.childProcess;
console.log('[spawn] childProcess.pid: ', childProcess.pid);
childProcess.stdout.on('data', function (data) {
console.log('[spawn] stdout: ', data.toString());
});
childProcess.stderr.on('data', function (data) {
console.log('[spawn] stderr: ', data.toString());
});
promise.then(function () {
console.log('[spawn] done!');
})
.catch(function (err) {
console.error('[spawn] ERROR: ', err);
});
现在,您可以按如下方式使用shelljs(来自节点v4):
var shell = require('shelljs');
shell.echo('hello world');
shell.exec('node --version');
安装
npm install shelljs
请参阅使用此轻量级
npm
软件包:系统命令
看看它
按如下方式导入:
var execFile = require('child_process').execFile;
execFile(file, args, options, function(error, stdout, stderr) {
// command output is in stdout
});
const system = require('system-commands')
system('ls').then(output => {
console.log(output)
}).catch(error => {
console.error(error)
})
运行如下命令:
var execFile = require('child_process').execFile;
execFile(file, args, options, function(error, stdout, stderr) {
// command output is in stdout
});
const system = require('system-commands')
system('ls').then(output => {
console.log(output)
}).catch(error => {
console.error(error)
})
这是正确的。但是请注意,这种调用子进程的方式对stdout的长度有限制。@hgoebl,那么还有什么选择?@Harshdeep在stdout输出很长的情况下(例如数MB),您可以监听stdout上的
数据
事件。查看文档,但它必须类似于childProc.stdout.on(“data”,fn)。谢谢。这让我快发疯了。有时,指出一个显而易见的解决方案会有所帮助,这样我们noobs(to node)就可以学习并使用它运行。注意:需要('child_process')。需要运行文件的人对execFile()感兴趣,而不是像prince这样的系统范围内的已知命令。而不是child.pipe(dest)
(它不存在),您必须使用child.stdout.pipe(dest)
和child.stderr.pipe(dest)
,例如child.stdout.pipe(process.stdout)
和child.stderr.pipe(process.stderr)
。如果我不想将所有内容都放在一个文件中,但我想执行多个命令,该怎么办?可能像echo“hello”
和echo“world”
这样。这是标准的方法吗?我是说所有的包装都是如何用nodejs写的?我的意思是,比如gearman、rabbitmq等,它们需要运行命令,但它们也有一些包装器,但我在它们的库代码最新版本中找不到这些代码,比如在CLI中使用Grunt:这在最新的节点上非常有效。使用execSync
时是否创建了child\u进程?它会在命令发出后立即被移除,对吗?所以没有内存泄漏?是的,没有内存泄漏。我猜它只初始化libuv子进程结构,而根本不在节点中创建它。感谢您提供正确和简单的版本。稍微简单一点的同步版本对于我需要的一次性“做点什么然后扔掉”脚本来说是完全好的。没问题!根据一些人的说法,即使两者都不“合适”,也很好。可能值得指出的是,为了在Windows中执行此示例,必须使用'cmd',['/c','dir']
。至少在我记起这一点之前,我只是到处寻找为什么没有参数的'dir'
不起作用…;)所有这些都不会向控制台输出任何内容。@Tyguy7您是如何运行它的?你有多余的吗