Macos 动态库在链接时正常,但在运行时不正常
我无法正确链接我的项目。这个项目是用CMAKE建造的。链接看起来不错,但在运行时会抛出一个错误Macos 动态库在链接时正常,但在运行时不正常,macos,dylib,Macos,Dylib,我无法正确链接我的项目。这个项目是用CMAKE建造的。链接看起来不错,但在运行时会抛出一个错误 $ /usr/bin/clang -Wl,-search_paths_first -Wl,-headerpad_max_install_names \ CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/conf.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/tun-compat.c.o \ CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/compre
$ /usr/bin/clang -Wl,-search_paths_first -Wl,-headerpad_max_install_names \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/conf.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/tun-compat.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/compress.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/mc.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/hexdump.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/server.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/log.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/imsg.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/ sys/unix/imsg-buffer.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/toto.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/toto.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/util.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/conf.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/tntsocket.c.o \
-o bin/project/opt/local/lib/libevent_openssl.dylib /opt/local/lib/libevent_core.dylib \
/usr/lib/libz.dylib /opt/local/lib/libyajl.dylib /opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib
$ ./bin/project
dyld: Library not loaded: build/libtapcfg.dylib
Referenced from: /Users/Antoine/project/./bin/project
Reason: image not found
zsh: trace trap ./bin/project
$ dyldinfo -dylibs bin/projectattributes
dependent dylibs
/opt/local/lib/libevent_openssl-2.0.5.dylib
/opt/local/lib/libevent_core-2.0.5.dylib
/usr/lib/libz.1.dylib
/opt/local/lib/libyajl.2.dylib
build/libtapcfg.dylib
/usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib
$ ls -lhF /opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root admin 20K 14 jui 18:05 /opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib*
以下是用于链接的命令:
$ /usr/bin/clang -Wl,-search_paths_first -Wl,-headerpad_max_install_names \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/conf.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/tun-compat.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/compress.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/mc.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/hexdump.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/server.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/log.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/imsg.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/ sys/unix/imsg-buffer.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/toto.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/toto.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/util.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/conf.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/tntsocket.c.o \
-o bin/project/opt/local/lib/libevent_openssl.dylib /opt/local/lib/libevent_core.dylib \
/usr/lib/libz.dylib /opt/local/lib/libyajl.dylib /opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib
$ ./bin/project
dyld: Library not loaded: build/libtapcfg.dylib
Referenced from: /Users/Antoine/project/./bin/project
Reason: image not found
zsh: trace trap ./bin/project
$ dyldinfo -dylibs bin/projectattributes
dependent dylibs
/opt/local/lib/libevent_openssl-2.0.5.dylib
/opt/local/lib/libevent_core-2.0.5.dylib
/usr/lib/libz.1.dylib
/opt/local/lib/libyajl.2.dylib
build/libtapcfg.dylib
/usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib
$ ls -lhF /opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root admin 20K 14 jui 18:05 /opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib*
我得到的错误是:
$ /usr/bin/clang -Wl,-search_paths_first -Wl,-headerpad_max_install_names \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/conf.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/tun-compat.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/compress.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/mc.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/hexdump.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/server.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/log.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/imsg.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/ sys/unix/imsg-buffer.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/toto.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/toto.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/util.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/conf.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/tntsocket.c.o \
-o bin/project/opt/local/lib/libevent_openssl.dylib /opt/local/lib/libevent_core.dylib \
/usr/lib/libz.dylib /opt/local/lib/libyajl.dylib /opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib
$ ./bin/project
dyld: Library not loaded: build/libtapcfg.dylib
Referenced from: /Users/Antoine/project/./bin/project
Reason: image not found
zsh: trace trap ./bin/project
$ dyldinfo -dylibs bin/projectattributes
dependent dylibs
/opt/local/lib/libevent_openssl-2.0.5.dylib
/opt/local/lib/libevent_core-2.0.5.dylib
/usr/lib/libz.1.dylib
/opt/local/lib/libyajl.2.dylib
build/libtapcfg.dylib
/usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib
$ ls -lhF /opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root admin 20K 14 jui 18:05 /opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib*
其他信息:
$ /usr/bin/clang -Wl,-search_paths_first -Wl,-headerpad_max_install_names \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/conf.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/tun-compat.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/compress.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/mc.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/hexdump.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/server.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/log.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/imsg.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/ sys/unix/imsg-buffer.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/toto.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/toto.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/util.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/conf.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/tntsocket.c.o \
-o bin/project/opt/local/lib/libevent_openssl.dylib /opt/local/lib/libevent_core.dylib \
/usr/lib/libz.dylib /opt/local/lib/libyajl.dylib /opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib
$ ./bin/project
dyld: Library not loaded: build/libtapcfg.dylib
Referenced from: /Users/Antoine/project/./bin/project
Reason: image not found
zsh: trace trap ./bin/project
$ dyldinfo -dylibs bin/projectattributes
dependent dylibs
/opt/local/lib/libevent_openssl-2.0.5.dylib
/opt/local/lib/libevent_core-2.0.5.dylib
/usr/lib/libz.1.dylib
/opt/local/lib/libyajl.2.dylib
build/libtapcfg.dylib
/usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib
$ ls -lhF /opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root admin 20K 14 jui 18:05 /opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib*
对我来说这就像是黑魔法。链接器能够找到符号,但最终会更改库的路径,即使我在链接命令中看不到它处理方式的任何差异
$ /usr/bin/clang -Wl,-search_paths_first -Wl,-headerpad_max_install_names \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/conf.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/tun-compat.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/compress.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/mc.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/hexdump.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/server.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/log.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/imsg.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/ sys/unix/imsg-buffer.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/toto.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/toto.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/util.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/conf.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/tntsocket.c.o \
-o bin/project/opt/local/lib/libevent_openssl.dylib /opt/local/lib/libevent_core.dylib \
/usr/lib/libz.dylib /opt/local/lib/libyajl.dylib /opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib
$ ./bin/project
dyld: Library not loaded: build/libtapcfg.dylib
Referenced from: /Users/Antoine/project/./bin/project
Reason: image not found
zsh: trace trap ./bin/project
$ dyldinfo -dylibs bin/projectattributes
dependent dylibs
/opt/local/lib/libevent_openssl-2.0.5.dylib
/opt/local/lib/libevent_core-2.0.5.dylib
/usr/lib/libz.1.dylib
/opt/local/lib/libyajl.2.dylib
build/libtapcfg.dylib
/usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib
$ ls -lhF /opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root admin 20K 14 jui 18:05 /opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib*
库位置为/opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib
$ /usr/bin/clang -Wl,-search_paths_first -Wl,-headerpad_max_install_names \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/conf.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/tun-compat.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/compress.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/mc.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/hexdump.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/server.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/log.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/imsg.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/ sys/unix/imsg-buffer.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/toto.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/toto.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/util.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/conf.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/tntsocket.c.o \
-o bin/project/opt/local/lib/libevent_openssl.dylib /opt/local/lib/libevent_core.dylib \
/usr/lib/libz.dylib /opt/local/lib/libyajl.dylib /opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib
$ ./bin/project
dyld: Library not loaded: build/libtapcfg.dylib
Referenced from: /Users/Antoine/project/./bin/project
Reason: image not found
zsh: trace trap ./bin/project
$ dyldinfo -dylibs bin/projectattributes
dependent dylibs
/opt/local/lib/libevent_openssl-2.0.5.dylib
/opt/local/lib/libevent_core-2.0.5.dylib
/usr/lib/libz.1.dylib
/opt/local/lib/libyajl.2.dylib
build/libtapcfg.dylib
/usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib
$ ls -lhF /opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root admin 20K 14 jui 18:05 /opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib*
问题是否可能来自我链接到的库 问题在于如何构建和安装libtapcfg
$ /usr/bin/clang -Wl,-search_paths_first -Wl,-headerpad_max_install_names \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/conf.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/tun-compat.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/compress.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/mc.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/hexdump.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/server.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/log.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/imsg.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/ sys/unix/imsg-buffer.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/toto.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/toto.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/util.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/conf.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/tntsocket.c.o \
-o bin/project/opt/local/lib/libevent_openssl.dylib /opt/local/lib/libevent_core.dylib \
/usr/lib/libz.dylib /opt/local/lib/libyajl.dylib /opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib
$ ./bin/project
dyld: Library not loaded: build/libtapcfg.dylib
Referenced from: /Users/Antoine/project/./bin/project
Reason: image not found
zsh: trace trap ./bin/project
$ dyldinfo -dylibs bin/projectattributes
dependent dylibs
/opt/local/lib/libevent_openssl-2.0.5.dylib
/opt/local/lib/libevent_core-2.0.5.dylib
/usr/lib/libz.1.dylib
/opt/local/lib/libyajl.2.dylib
build/libtapcfg.dylib
/usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib
$ ls -lhF /opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root admin 20K 14 jui 18:05 /opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib*
您似乎已将其从本地目录复制到/opt/local/lib,因此其文件系统路径与库中存储的路径不匹配
$ /usr/bin/clang -Wl,-search_paths_first -Wl,-headerpad_max_install_names \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/conf.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/tun-compat.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/compress.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/mc.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/hexdump.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/server.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/log.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/imsg.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/ sys/unix/imsg-buffer.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/toto.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/toto.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/util.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/conf.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/tntsocket.c.o \
-o bin/project/opt/local/lib/libevent_openssl.dylib /opt/local/lib/libevent_core.dylib \
/usr/lib/libz.dylib /opt/local/lib/libyajl.dylib /opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib
$ ./bin/project
dyld: Library not loaded: build/libtapcfg.dylib
Referenced from: /Users/Antoine/project/./bin/project
Reason: image not found
zsh: trace trap ./bin/project
$ dyldinfo -dylibs bin/projectattributes
dependent dylibs
/opt/local/lib/libevent_openssl-2.0.5.dylib
/opt/local/lib/libevent_core-2.0.5.dylib
/usr/lib/libz.1.dylib
/opt/local/lib/libyajl.2.dylib
build/libtapcfg.dylib
/usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib
$ ls -lhF /opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root admin 20K 14 jui 18:05 /opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib*
要么将lib保留在本地路径中,要么在构建它时告诉链接器它将在哪里结束,要么复制到链接器中硬编码的/usr/local/lib。看
$ /usr/bin/clang -Wl,-search_paths_first -Wl,-headerpad_max_install_names \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/conf.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/tun-compat.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/compress.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/mc.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/hexdump.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/server.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/log.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/imsg.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/ sys/unix/imsg-buffer.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/toto.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/toto.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/util.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/conf.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/tntsocket.c.o \
-o bin/project/opt/local/lib/libevent_openssl.dylib /opt/local/lib/libevent_core.dylib \
/usr/lib/libz.dylib /opt/local/lib/libyajl.dylib /opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib
$ ./bin/project
dyld: Library not loaded: build/libtapcfg.dylib
Referenced from: /Users/Antoine/project/./bin/project
Reason: image not found
zsh: trace trap ./bin/project
$ dyldinfo -dylibs bin/projectattributes
dependent dylibs
/opt/local/lib/libevent_openssl-2.0.5.dylib
/opt/local/lib/libevent_core-2.0.5.dylib
/usr/lib/libz.1.dylib
/opt/local/lib/libyajl.2.dylib
build/libtapcfg.dylib
/usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib
$ ls -lhF /opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root admin 20K 14 jui 18:05 /opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib*
通过端口使用macports时,应仅将内容放入/opt/local。在本例中,创建一个本地端口文件,该文件不需要做很多工作,macports标准工作将在库中放置正确的信息,使其在/opt/local/lib中工作libtapcfg从何而来?(即哪个端口)它不是端口,只是我手动安装的免费项目。谢谢你!将动态库移动到/usr/local/lib是最好的解决方案。
$ /usr/bin/clang -Wl,-search_paths_first -Wl,-headerpad_max_install_names \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/conf.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/tun-compat.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/compress.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/mc.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/hexdump.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/src/server.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/log.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/imsg.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/ sys/unix/imsg-buffer.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/toto.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/toto.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/util.c.o \
CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/conf.c.o CMakeFiles/project.dir/sys/unix/tntsocket.c.o \
-o bin/project/opt/local/lib/libevent_openssl.dylib /opt/local/lib/libevent_core.dylib \
/usr/lib/libz.dylib /opt/local/lib/libyajl.dylib /opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib
$ ./bin/project
dyld: Library not loaded: build/libtapcfg.dylib
Referenced from: /Users/Antoine/project/./bin/project
Reason: image not found
zsh: trace trap ./bin/project
$ dyldinfo -dylibs bin/projectattributes
dependent dylibs
/opt/local/lib/libevent_openssl-2.0.5.dylib
/opt/local/lib/libevent_core-2.0.5.dylib
/usr/lib/libz.1.dylib
/opt/local/lib/libyajl.2.dylib
build/libtapcfg.dylib
/usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib
$ ls -lhF /opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root admin 20K 14 jui 18:05 /opt/local/lib/libtapcfg.dylib*