Oracle10g Oracle 10g XE:rman显示成功完成完全备份后需要备份的所有数据文件

在openSuSE 11.2上运行的10.2.0.1版Oracle 10g XE出现问题。RMAN显示，所有数据文件都需要备份，即使是在成功的完全备份之后：

RMAN> report need backup;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
RMAN retention policy will be applied to the command
RMAN retention policy is set to redundancy 2
Report of files with less than 2 redundant backups
File #bkps Name
---- ----- -----------------------------------------------------
1    0     /usr/lib/oracle/xe/oradata/XE/system.dbf
2    0     /usr/lib/oracle/xe/oradata/XE/undo.dbf
3    0     /usr/lib/oracle/xe/oradata/XE/sysaux.dbf
4    0     /usr/lib/oracle/xe/oradata/XE/users.dbf
5    0     /oracle/XE/oradata/XE/datafile01.dbf
6    0     /oracle/XE/oradata/XE/index01.dbf

RMAN> list backup summary;

List of Backups
===============
Key     TY LV S Device Type Completion Time #Pieces #Copies Compressed Tag
------- -- -- - ----------- --------------- ------- ------- ---------- ---
1671    B  F  A DISK        26-DEC-12       1       1       YES        TAG20121226T010015
1674    B  A  A DISK        26-DEC-12       1       1       YES        TAG20121226T011359
1676    B  F  A DISK        27-DEC-12       1       1       YES        TAG20121227T010018
1679    B  A  A DISK        27-DEC-12       1       1       YES        TAG20121227T011434
1687    B  F  A DISK        28-DEC-12       1       1       YES        TAG20121228T010021
1689    B  F  A DISK        28-DEC-12       1       1       NO         TAG20121228T011355
1690    B  A  A DISK        28-DEC-12       1       1       YES        TAG20121228T011408
1691    B  F  A DISK        28-DEC-12       1       1       NO         TAG20121228T011506

RMAN参数如下所示：

RMAN> show all;

RMAN configuration parameters are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 2;
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/usr/lib/oracle/xe/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/server/dbs/snapcf_XE.f'; # default

数据库功能齐全；但是，RMAN不会自动删除早于保留策略的备份（2天）。我必须每天手动删除旧备份，以避免磁盘空间不足

综上所述，问题如下：

RMAN> show all;

RMAN configuration parameters are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 2;
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/usr/lib/oracle/xe/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/server/dbs/snapcf_XE.f'; # default

RMAN显示了所有需要备份的数据文件，即使在成功的完全备份之后也是如此

RMAN不会自动删除早于保留策略的备份

我不清楚#2是一种症状，还是一个单独的问题

如果您有任何建议或想法，我们将不胜感激。

关于#bkps=0的问题似乎很奇怪，您已经解决了，这对您很好

RMAN不会自动删除备份。在计划备份时，还应计划此RMAN命令：

DELETE NOPROMPT OBSOLETE;

如果在备份archivelog后不立即删除（

delete input

），您也应该处理它

DELETE ARCHIVELOG ALL COMPLETED BEFORE 'SYSDATE-3';

您应该了解从介质中“消失”的RMAN文件（即有人在操作系统级别移动/删除了它们，但留下了RMAN元数据）：

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我可以通过重新创建控制文件来解决此问题：