Parallel processing 构建NAS基准时出错

我正在尝试使用Intel MPI构建NAS基准，下面是我正在使用的makefile

   #---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
#                SITE- AND/OR PLATFORM-SPECIFIC DEFINITIONS. 
#
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Items in this file will need to be changed for each platform.
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Parallel Fortran:
#
# For CG, EP, FT, MG, LU, SP and BT, which are in Fortran, the following must 
# be defined:
#
# MPIF77     - Fortran compiler
# FFLAGS     - Fortran compilation arguments
# FMPI_INC   - any -I arguments required for compiling MPI/Fortran 
# FLINK      - Fortran linker
# FLINKFLAGS - Fortran linker arguments
# FMPI_LIB   - any -L and -l arguments required for linking MPI/Fortran 
# 
# compilations are done with $(MPIF77) $(FMPI_INC) $(FFLAGS) or
#                            $(MPIF77) $(FFLAGS)
# linking is done with       $(FLINK) $(FMPI_LIB) $(FLINKFLAGS)
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This is the fortran compiler used for MPI programs
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
MPIF77 = gfortran
# This links MPI fortran programs; usually the same as ${MPIF77}
FLINK   = $(MPIF77)

#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# These macros are passed to the linker to help link with MPI correctly
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
FMPI_LIB  =  -L/share/apps/intel/impi/5.0.2.044/intel64/lib -lmpi


#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# These macros are passed to the compiler to help find 'mpif.h'
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
FMPI_INC = -I/share/apps/intel/impi/5.0.2.044/intel64/include

#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Global *compile time* flags for Fortran programs
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
FFLAGS  = -O

#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Global *link time* flags. Flags for increasing maximum executable 
# size usually go here. 
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
FLINKFLAGS = -O


#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Parallel C:
#
# For IS, which is in C, the following must be defined:
#
# MPICC      - C compiler 
# CFLAGS     - C compilation arguments
# CMPI_INC   - any -I arguments required for compiling MPI/C 
# CLINK      - C linker
# CLINKFLAGS - C linker flags
# CMPI_LIB   - any -L and -l arguments required for linking MPI/C 
#
# compilations are done with $(MPICC) $(CMPI_INC) $(CFLAGS) or
#                            $(MPICC) $(CFLAGS)
# linking is done with       $(CLINK) $(CMPI_LIB) $(CLINKFLAGS)
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This is the C compiler used for MPI programs
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
MPICC = cc
# This links MPI C programs; usually the same as ${MPICC}
CLINK   = $(MPICC)

#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# These macros are passed to the linker to help link with MPI correctly
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
CMPI_LIB  = -L/usr/local/lib -lmpi

#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# These macros are passed to the compiler to help find 'mpi.h'
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
CMPI_INC = -I/usr/local/include

#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Global *compile time* flags for C programs
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
CFLAGS  = -O

#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Global *link time* flags. Flags for increasing maximum executable 
# size usually go here. 
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
CLINKFLAGS = -O


#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# MPI dummy library:
#
# Uncomment if you want to use the MPI dummy library supplied by NAS instead 
# of the true message-passing library. The include file redefines several of
# the above macros. It also invokes make in subdirectory MPI_dummy. Make 
# sure that no spaces or tabs precede include.
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# include ../config/make.dummy


#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Utilities C:
#
# This is the C compiler used to compile C utilities.  Flags required by 
# this compiler go here also; typically there are few flags required; hence 
# there are no separate macros provided for such flags.
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
CC  = cc -g


#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Destination of executables, relative to subdirs of the main directory. . 
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
BINDIR  = ../bin


#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Some machines (e.g. Crays) have 128-bit DOUBLE PRECISION numbers, which
# is twice the precision required for the NPB suite. A compiler flag 
# (e.g. -dp) can usually be used to change DOUBLE PRECISION variables to
# 64 bits, but the MPI library may continue to send 128 bits. Short of
# recompiling MPI, the solution is to use MPI_REAL to send these 64-bit
# numbers, and MPI_COMPLEX to send their complex counterparts. Uncomment
# the following line to enable this substitution. 
# 
# NOTE: IF THE I/O BENCHMARK IS BEING BUILT, WE USE CONVERTFLAG TO
#       SPECIFIY THE FORTRAN RECORD LENGTH UNIT. IT IS A SYSTEM-SPECIFIC
#       VALUE (USUALLY 1 OR 4). UNCOMMENT THE SECOND LINE AND SUBSTITUTE
#       THE CORRECT VALUE FOR "length".
#       IF BOTH 128-BIT DOUBLE PRECISION NUMBERS AND I/O ARE TO BE ENABLED,
#       UNCOMMENT THE THIRD LINE AND SUBSTITUTE THE CORRECT VALUE FOR
#       "length"
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# CONVERTFLAG   = -DCONVERTDOUBLE
# CONVERTFLAG   = -DFORTRAN_REC_SIZE=length
# CONVERTFLAG   = -DCONVERTDOUBLE -DFORTRAN_REC_SIZE=length


#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The variable RAND controls which random number generator 
# is used. It is described in detail in README.install. 
# Use "randi8" unless there is a reason to use another one. 
# Other allowed values are "randi8_safe", "randdp" and "randdpvec"
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
RAND   = randi8
# The following is highly reliable but may be slow:
# RAND   = randdp

当我尝试构建EP benchmarkmake NPROCS=8 EP CLASS=C时，我会得到如下错误

 =========================================
   =      NAS Parallel Benchmarks 3.3      =
   =      MPI/F77/C                        =
   =========================================

cd EP; make NPROCS=8 CLASS=C
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/vaibhavs/NPB3.3/NPB3.3-MPI/EP'
make[2]: Entering directory `/home/vaibhavs/NPB3.3/NPB3.3-MPI/sys'
cc -g  -o setparams setparams.c
make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/vaibhavs/NPB3.3/NPB3.3-MPI/sys'
../sys/setparams ep 8 C
make.def modified. Rebuilding npbparams.h just in case
rm -f npbparams.h
../sys/setparams ep 8 C
gfortran -c -I/share/apps/intel/impi/5.0.2.044/intel64/include -O ep.f
gfortran -O -o ../bin/ep.C.8 ep.o ../common/print_results.o ../common/randi8.o ../common/timers.o -L/share/app                                                                               s/intel/impi/5.0.2.044/intel64/lib -lmpi
ep.o: In function `MAIN__':
ep.f:(.text+0x31): undefined reference to `mpi_init_'
ep.f:(.text+0x4b): undefined reference to `mpi_comm_rank_'
ep.f:(.text+0x65): undefined reference to `mpi_comm_size_'
ep.f:(.text+0x347): undefined reference to `mpi_abort_'
ep.f:(.text+0x3df): undefined reference to `mpi_barrier_'
ep.f:(.text+0x803): undefined reference to `mpi_allreduce_'
ep.f:(.text+0x842): undefined reference to `mpi_allreduce_'
ep.f:(.text+0x879): undefined reference to `mpi_allreduce_'
ep.f:(.text+0x935): undefined reference to `mpi_allreduce_'
ep.f:(.text+0xc70): undefined reference to `mpi_finalize_'
../common/timers.o: In function `timer_stop_':
timers.f:(.text+0x27): undefined reference to `mpi_wtime_'
../common/timers.o: In function `timer_start_':
timers.f:(.text+0x57): undefined reference to `mpi_wtime_'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make[1]: *** [../bin/ep.C.8] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/vaibhavs/NPB3.3/NPB3.3-MPI/EP'
make: *** [ep] Error 2

有谁能帮我解决这个问题吗

---

谢谢

如果您的MPI库是“英特尔MPI”，并且是由“英特尔fortran编译器”构建的，那么当您尝试使用gfortran构建MPI应用程序时，您会感到悲伤

很长一段时间以来，没有标准的方法从C调用fortran符号。一些编译器在符号上加上一、二或零下划线

您应该使用ifort构建NAS

您可能可以使用

-fno下划线

选项使事情顺利进行，但请注意gfortran手册页中的以下消息：

请注意，名称匹配并不意味着接口 由GNU Fortran实现，外部名称与接口匹配 由其他语言为同一名称实现。就是 GNU Fortran生成的代码，链接到其他编译器生成的代码 使用此方法或任何其他方法只能是整个过程的一小部分 解决方案——让两个编译器生成的代码在问题上达成一致 除了命名之外，可能需要大量的工作，而且与命名不同 分歧，链接器通常无法检测到这些其他方面的分歧 地区

---

似乎您没有启动mpi库。您可以尝试其他mpi库，如openmpi