如何在PHPUnit测试用例中使用服务器变量？

我正在使用PHPUnit测试用例测试模块。一切正常，但当我使用

$\u SERVER['REMOTE\u ADDR']

时，它会出现致命错误并停止执行

CategoryControllerTest.php

<?php
namespace ProductBundle\Controller\Tests\Controller;
use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Test\WebTestCase;
class CategoryControllerTest extends WebTestCase {

     protected function setUp() {
        static::$kernel = static::createKernel();
        static::$kernel->boot();
        $this->container = static::$kernel->getContainer();
        $this->em = static::$kernel->getContainer()->get('doctrine')->getManager();
    }

    public function testCategory() {
        $ip_address = $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
        $client = static::createClient(
          array(), array('HTTP_HOST' => static::$kernel->getContainer()->getParameter('test_http_host')
        ));

        $crawler = $client->request('POST', '/category/new');
        $client->enableProfiler();

        $this->assertEquals('ProductBundle\Controller\CategoryController::addAction', $client->getRequest()->attributes->get('_controller'));
        $form = $crawler->selectButton('new_category')->form();
        $form['category[name]'] = "Electronics";
        $form['category[id]']   = "For US";
        $form['category[ip]']   = $ip_address;
        $client->submit($form);

        $this->assertTrue($client->getResponse()->isRedirect('/category/new')); // check if redirecting properly
        $client->followRedirect();
        $this->assertEquals(1, $crawler->filter('html:contains("Category Created Successfully.")')->count());
    }
}

class UserIpAddressController
{
  public function get()
  {
    return $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
  }
}

$UserIpAddress = $this->getMockBuilder('UserIpAddress')
    ->disableOriginalConstructor()
    ->getMock();

$UserIpAddress->expects($this->once())
  ->method('get')
  ->willReturn('192.161.1.1'); // Set ip address whatever you want to use

---

从技术上讲，您尚未向应用程序发送请求，因此没有可参考的远程地址。事实上，这也是你的错误告诉我们的

要解决此问题，请执行以下操作：

将行移到下面：

// Won't work, see comment below    
$crawler = $client->request('POST', '/category/new');


或者你可以编一个IP地址并用它进行测试。由于您只使用IP来保存模型，因此也可以这样做

就像评论中提到的@apokryfos一样，在测试用例中访问超全局被认为是不好的做法。因此，选项2可能是您在这里的最佳选择。
创建返回ip地址的服务，并在测试用例中模拟该服务

在这里，将控制器和服务创建为UserIpAddress
get（）
将返回用户的ip地址

service.yml

UserIpAddress:
    class: AppBundle\Controller\UserIpAddressController
    arguments: 
    container: "@service_container"  

UserIpAddressController.php

<?php
namespace ProductBundle\Controller\Tests\Controller;
use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Test\WebTestCase;
class CategoryControllerTest extends WebTestCase {

     protected function setUp() {
        static::$kernel = static::createKernel();
        static::$kernel->boot();
        $this->container = static::$kernel->getContainer();
        $this->em = static::$kernel->getContainer()->get('doctrine')->getManager();
    }

    public function testCategory() {
        $ip_address = $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
        $client = static::createClient(
          array(), array('HTTP_HOST' => static::$kernel->getContainer()->getParameter('test_http_host')
        ));

        $crawler = $client->request('POST', '/category/new');
        $client->enableProfiler();

        $this->assertEquals('ProductBundle\Controller\CategoryController::addAction', $client->getRequest()->attributes->get('_controller'));
        $form = $crawler->selectButton('new_category')->form();
        $form['category[name]'] = "Electronics";
        $form['category[id]']   = "For US";
        $form['category[ip]']   = $ip_address;
        $client->submit($form);

        $this->assertTrue($client->getResponse()->isRedirect('/category/new')); // check if redirecting properly
        $client->followRedirect();
        $this->assertEquals(1, $crawler->filter('html:contains("Category Created Successfully.")')->count());
    }
}

class UserIpAddressController
{
  public function get()
  {
    return $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
  }
}

$UserIpAddress = $this->getMockBuilder('UserIpAddress')
    ->disableOriginalConstructor()
    ->getMock();

$UserIpAddress->expects($this->once())
  ->method('get')
  ->willReturn('192.161.1.1'); // Set ip address whatever you want to use

创建“UserIpAddress”服务的模拟。它将覆盖现有的服务。使用“UserIpAddress”服务获取项目中的ip地址

CategoryControllerTest.php

<?php
namespace ProductBundle\Controller\Tests\Controller;
use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Test\WebTestCase;
class CategoryControllerTest extends WebTestCase {

     protected function setUp() {
        static::$kernel = static::createKernel();
        static::$kernel->boot();
        $this->container = static::$kernel->getContainer();
        $this->em = static::$kernel->getContainer()->get('doctrine')->getManager();
    }

    public function testCategory() {
        $ip_address = $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
        $client = static::createClient(
          array(), array('HTTP_HOST' => static::$kernel->getContainer()->getParameter('test_http_host')
        ));

        $crawler = $client->request('POST', '/category/new');
        $client->enableProfiler();

        $this->assertEquals('ProductBundle\Controller\CategoryController::addAction', $client->getRequest()->attributes->get('_controller'));
        $form = $crawler->selectButton('new_category')->form();
        $form['category[name]'] = "Electronics";
        $form['category[id]']   = "For US";
        $form['category[ip]']   = $ip_address;
        $client->submit($form);

        $this->assertTrue($client->getResponse()->isRedirect('/category/new')); // check if redirecting properly
        $client->followRedirect();
        $this->assertEquals(1, $crawler->filter('html:contains("Category Created Successfully.")')->count());
    }
}

class UserIpAddressController
{
  public function get()
  {
    return $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
  }
}

$UserIpAddress = $this->getMockBuilder('UserIpAddress')
    ->disableOriginalConstructor()
    ->getMock();

$UserIpAddress->expects($this->once())
  ->method('get')
  ->willReturn('192.161.1.1'); // Set ip address whatever you want to use

现在，使用
$UserIpAddress->get（）获取ip地址
您可以创建另一个将返回服务器变量的类，然后对其进行模拟

或者您可以直接在测试用例中设置/取消设置服务器变量。
使用PHPUnit 6.2.2执行此操作：

 /**
 * Return true if the user agent matches a robot agent
 */
public function testShouldReturnTrueIfRobot()
{
    $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'] = 'Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Googlebot/2.1; +http://www.google.com/bot.html)';

    $this->configMock->method('getRobotUserAgents')
        ->willReturn('bot|crawl|slurp|spider|mediapartner');

    $test = $this->robotTest->isBot();

    static::assertTrue($test);
}

/**
 * Test return false if no user agent
 */
public function testShouldReturnFalseIfNoAgentUser()
{
    unset($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']);

    $test = $this->robotTest->isBot();

    static::assertFalse($test);
}

若试验方法为：

 /**
 * Detect if current user agent matches a robot user agent
 *
 * @return bool
 */
public function isBot(): bool
{
    if (empty($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'])) {
        return false;
    }

    $userAgents = $this->config->getRobotUserAgents();
    $pattern = '/' . $userAgents . '/i';

    return \preg_match($pattern, $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']);
}

如果希望使应用程序更易于测试，则不应直接访问
$\u服务器
或其他超全局程序。为它们创建容器，然后在测试时模拟它们。即使将行移动到行下方，也不能使用
REMOTE\u ADDR
，
$crawler=$client->request（'POST'，'/category/new'）。真的吗？无论如何，那么你真的应该使用选项2，不管怎样，它都是更好的选择。