Php 删除带有外键的列Laravel错误：常规错误：1025重命名错误

我使用如下迁移创建了一个表：

public function up()
{
    Schema::create('despatch_discrepancies',  function($table) {
        $table->increments('id')->unsigned();
        $table->integer('pick_id')->unsigned();
        $table->foreign('pick_id')->references('id')->on('picks');
        $table->integer('pick_detail_id')->unsigned();
        $table->foreign('pick_detail_id')->references('id')->on('pick_details');
        $table->integer('original_qty')->unsigned();
        $table->integer('shipped_qty')->unsigned();
    });
}

public function down()
{
    Schema::drop('despatch_discrepancies');
}

public function up()
{
    Schema::table('despatch_discrepancies', function($table)
    {
        $table->dropForeign('pick_detail_id');
        $table->dropColumn('pick_detail_id');
        $table->string('sku', 20)->after('pick_id');
    });
}

public function down()
{
    Schema::table('despatch_discrepancies', function($table)
    {
        $table->integer('pick_detail_id')->unsigned();
        $table->foreign('pick_detail_id')->references('id')->on('pick_details');
        $table->dropColumn('sku');
    });
}

$table->integer('pick_detail_id')->unsigned();
$table->foreign('pick_detail_id')->references('id')->on('pick_details');

<table_name>_<foreign_table_name>_<column_name>_foreign
despatch_discrepancies_pick_detail_id_foreign (in my case)

$table->dropForeign('despatch_discrepancies_pick_detail_id_foreign');
$table->dropColumn('pick_detail_id');

我需要更改此表并删除外键引用&列

pick\u detail\u id

并在

pick\u id

列之后添加一个名为

sku

的新varchar列

因此，我创建了另一个迁移，如下所示：

public function up()
{
    Schema::create('despatch_discrepancies',  function($table) {
        $table->increments('id')->unsigned();
        $table->integer('pick_id')->unsigned();
        $table->foreign('pick_id')->references('id')->on('picks');
        $table->integer('pick_detail_id')->unsigned();
        $table->foreign('pick_detail_id')->references('id')->on('pick_details');
        $table->integer('original_qty')->unsigned();
        $table->integer('shipped_qty')->unsigned();
    });
}

public function down()
{
    Schema::drop('despatch_discrepancies');
}

public function up()
{
    Schema::table('despatch_discrepancies', function($table)
    {
        $table->dropForeign('pick_detail_id');
        $table->dropColumn('pick_detail_id');
        $table->string('sku', 20)->after('pick_id');
    });
}

public function down()
{
    Schema::table('despatch_discrepancies', function($table)
    {
        $table->integer('pick_detail_id')->unsigned();
        $table->foreign('pick_detail_id')->references('id')->on('pick_details');
        $table->dropColumn('sku');
    });
}

$table->integer('pick_detail_id')->unsigned();
$table->foreign('pick_detail_id')->references('id')->on('pick_details');

<table_name>_<foreign_table_name>_<column_name>_foreign
despatch_discrepancies_pick_detail_id_foreign (in my case)

$table->dropForeign('despatch_discrepancies_pick_detail_id_foreign');
$table->dropColumn('pick_detail_id');

运行此迁移时，出现以下错误：

[照亮\数据库\查询异常]
SQLSTATE[HY000]：常规错误：重命名时发生1025错误 “./dev_iwms_重新启动/发送至” “./dev_iwms_reboot/#sql2-67c-17c464”（错误号：152）（SQL:alter table

dispatch\u差异

drop外键拾取\u细节\u id）

[PDO例外]
SQLSTATE[HY000]：常规错误：重命名时发生1025错误 “./dev_iwms_重新启动/发送至” “./dev_iwms_reboot/#sql2-67c-17c464”（错误号：152）

当我试图通过运行

php-artisan-migrate:rollback

命令来反转此迁移时，我得到一条

rollback

消息，但它实际上没有在数据库中执行任何操作

---

你知道哪里不对吗？如何删除包含外键引用的列；当您创建这样的外键时：

public function up()
{
    Schema::create('despatch_discrepancies',  function($table) {
        $table->increments('id')->unsigned();
        $table->integer('pick_id')->unsigned();
        $table->foreign('pick_id')->references('id')->on('picks');
        $table->integer('pick_detail_id')->unsigned();
        $table->foreign('pick_detail_id')->references('id')->on('pick_details');
        $table->integer('original_qty')->unsigned();
        $table->integer('shipped_qty')->unsigned();
    });
}

public function down()
{
    Schema::drop('despatch_discrepancies');
}

public function up()
{
    Schema::table('despatch_discrepancies', function($table)
    {
        $table->dropForeign('pick_detail_id');
        $table->dropColumn('pick_detail_id');
        $table->string('sku', 20)->after('pick_id');
    });
}

public function down()
{
    Schema::table('despatch_discrepancies', function($table)
    {
        $table->integer('pick_detail_id')->unsigned();
        $table->foreign('pick_detail_id')->references('id')->on('pick_details');
        $table->dropColumn('sku');
    });
}

$table->integer('pick_detail_id')->unsigned();
$table->foreign('pick_detail_id')->references('id')->on('pick_details');

<table_name>_<foreign_table_name>_<column_name>_foreign
despatch_discrepancies_pick_detail_id_foreign (in my case)

$table->dropForeign('despatch_discrepancies_pick_detail_id_foreign');
$table->dropColumn('pick_detail_id');

Laravel唯一地命名外键引用，如下所示：

public function up()
{
    Schema::create('despatch_discrepancies',  function($table) {
        $table->increments('id')->unsigned();
        $table->integer('pick_id')->unsigned();
        $table->foreign('pick_id')->references('id')->on('picks');
        $table->integer('pick_detail_id')->unsigned();
        $table->foreign('pick_detail_id')->references('id')->on('pick_details');
        $table->integer('original_qty')->unsigned();
        $table->integer('shipped_qty')->unsigned();
    });
}

public function down()
{
    Schema::drop('despatch_discrepancies');
}

public function up()
{
    Schema::table('despatch_discrepancies', function($table)
    {
        $table->dropForeign('pick_detail_id');
        $table->dropColumn('pick_detail_id');
        $table->string('sku', 20)->after('pick_id');
    });
}

public function down()
{
    Schema::table('despatch_discrepancies', function($table)
    {
        $table->integer('pick_detail_id')->unsigned();
        $table->foreign('pick_detail_id')->references('id')->on('pick_details');
        $table->dropColumn('sku');
    });
}

$table->integer('pick_detail_id')->unsigned();
$table->foreign('pick_detail_id')->references('id')->on('pick_details');

<table_name>_<foreign_table_name>_<column_name>_foreign
despatch_discrepancies_pick_detail_id_foreign (in my case)

$table->dropForeign('despatch_discrepancies_pick_detail_id_foreign');
$table->dropColumn('pick_detail_id');

更新： Laravel 4.2+引入了新的命名约定：

<table_name>_<column_name>_foreign

\u外国

您可以使用以下功能：

$table->dropForeign(['pick_detail_id']);
$table->dropColumn('pick_detail_id');

如果在dropForeign source上取得峰值，则如果将列名作为数组传递，它将为您构建外键索引名。

解决此问题的关键（对我而言）是确保$table->dropForeign（）命令传递的是正确的关系名，而不一定是列名。您不想传递列名，因为这会更直观

对我起作用的是：

$table->dropForeign('local_table_foreign_id_foreign');
$table->column('foreign_id');

因此，我传递给dropForeign（）的字符串的格式为：

[本地表].[外键字段]\u外键

---

如果您可以访问Sequel Pro或Navicat之类的工具，能够可视化这些工具将非常有帮助。

我想到的是，我不知道将

Schema:：table

块放在哪里

后来我发现密钥位于SQL错误上：

[Illuminate\Database\QueryException]
SQLSTATE[23000]: Integrity constraint violation: 1217 Cannot delete or update a parent row: a foreign key constraint fails (SQL: drop table if exists `lu_benefits_categories`)

因此，

Schema:：table

块需要进入

lu\u benefits\u类别的
down（）
函数中，在
Schema:：dropIfExists
行之前：

public function down()
{
    Schema::table('table', function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table->dropForeign('table_category_id_foreign');
        $table->dropColumn('category_id');
    });
    Schema::dropIfExists('lu_benefits_categories');
}

之后，php artisan migrate:refresh

或php artisan migrate:reset将完成此任务。

我的表中有多个外键，然后我必须通过在down方法中将列名作为数组的索引来逐个删除外键约束：

public function up()
{
    Schema::table('offices', function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table->unsignedInteger('country_id')->nullable();
        $table->foreign('country_id')
            ->references('id')
            ->on('countries')
            ->onDelete('cascade');

        $table->unsignedInteger('stateprovince_id')->nullable();
        $table->foreign('stateprovince_id')
            ->references('id')
            ->on('stateprovince')
            ->onDelete('cascade');
        $table->unsignedInteger('city_id')->nullable();
        $table->foreign('city_id')
            ->references('id')
            ->on('cities')
            ->onDelete('cascade');
    });
}

/**
 * Reverse the migrations.
 *
 * @return void
 */
public function down()
{
    Schema::table('offices', function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table->dropForeign(['country_id']);
        $table->dropForeign(['stateprovince_id']);
        $table->dropForeign(['city_id']);
        $table->dropColumn(['country_id','stateprovince_id','city_id']);
    });
} 

使用下面的语句不起作用

$table->dropForeign(['country_id','stateprovince_id','city_id']); 

---

因为DROPFIEW不考虑它们分离的列，我们想移除它们。因此，我们必须逐个删除它们。

在Laravel 4.2中不起作用。不是密钥名称的一部分。它只适用于uu-foreign。我在laravel 4.2中使用了它，现在仍然适用于我。

\uu-foreign

约定似乎仍然适用于5.1，在删除关系约束后，您也必须删除列。我认为文档中也应该包括这一点，因为人们可以很容易地假设dropForeign也会删除该列。谢谢分享。如果有人想知道，MySQL自动为外键创建的索引会在列被删除时被删除。无需使用

$table->dropIndex（'column_name'）

手动删除它们。接受的答案也很有效：您必须使用正确的索引名约定。但是这个答案也有一个问题：你必须记住索引的命名方案，而这个解决方案是自动完成的！我总是用另一种方式，总是抱怨这是多么不切实际。现在我马上切换到这个解决方案。非常感谢你！真棒的把戏。我已经像个傻瓜一样做了很久了。拉威尔真的需要一些医生的帮助。我可能会接受挑战…在Laravel 5.0中为我工作。非常感谢，亚历克斯！在Laravel 5.2中表现得很有魅力。这是一个巧妙的技巧。比记住外键命名约定（将来可能会改变）更友好。就像@ronin1184所说的，它在Laravel 5.2中工作得非常好。这很好，我只是发现它不如@Alex建议的那样用括号括起来直观。谢谢我的朋友，在数组中添加列名对我来说很有效。如果有人想知道，MySQL自动为外键创建的索引会在列被删除时被删除。无需使用

$table->dropIndex（'column_name'）

.ty手动删除它们，我希望

Schema:：table（'offices'，function（Blueprint$table）{}

如此糟糕。。。