Python pygst+；OSX下的pyinstaller

我目前正在尝试捆绑这个死气沉沉的简单python脚本（player.py）：

使用pyinstaller（2.1.0-dev）进入OSX（我的机器运行Mountain Lion）应用程序

我的目标是创建一个可以轻松分发的.app包。我还可以要求最终用户安装GStreamer SDK，即使我的主要目标是一个自包含的应用程序

等级库文件如下（player.spec）：

到目前为止，我尝试了两种策略：

macports:python（2.7.2）、pygst（0.10）、gst插件-*

系统python，GStreamer 0.10 SDK（框架）

在这两种情况下，我都可以成功运行脚本

但是，当我尝试运行捆绑的可执行文件时，会得到以下结果：

（Macports）

显示部分GST调试日志：

~/devel/t/simple/dist/player > GST_DEBUG=4 ./player
[..]
0:00:00.113260000  8313    0x1001b1a00 DEBUG           GST_REGISTRY gstregistrychunks.c:573:gboolean gst_registry_chunks_load_feature(GstRegistry *, gchar **, gchar *, GstPlugin *): Plugin 'playback' feature 'playbin2' typename : 'GstElementFactory'
0:00:00.113286000  8313    0x1001b1a00 DEBUG           GST_REGISTRY gstregistrychunks.c:621:gboolean gst_registry_chunks_load_feature(GstRegistry *, gchar **, gchar *, GstPlugin *): Element factory : 'Player Bin 2' with npadtemplates=0
0:00:00.113300000  8313    0x1001b1a00 DEBUG           GST_REGISTRY gstregistrychunks.c:649:gboolean gst_registry_chunks_load_feature(GstRegistry *, gchar **, gchar *, GstPlugin *): Reading 2 Interfaces at address 0x101971191
0:00:00.113318000  8313    0x1001b1a00 DEBUG           GST_REGISTRY gstregistry.c:558:gboolean gst_registry_add_feature(GstRegistry *, GstPluginFeature *):<registry0> adding feature 0x10097da20 (playbin2)
0:00:00.113332000  8313    0x1001b1a00 DEBUG        GST_REFCOUNTING gstobject.c:844:gboolean gst_object_set_parent(GstObject *, GstObject *):<playbin2> set parent (ref and sink)
0:00:00.113346000  8313    0x1001b1a00 DEBUG           GST_REGISTRY gstregistrychunks.c:709:gboolean gst_registry_chunks_load_feature(GstRegistry *, gchar **, gchar *, GstPlugin *): Added feature playbin2, plugin 0x100975be0 playback
[..]
0:00:00.242584000  8297    0x1001b1a00 DEBUG     GST_PLUGIN_LOADING gstpluginfeature.c:106:GstPluginFeature *gst_plugin_feature_load(GstPluginFeature *): loading plugin for feature 0x10097da20; 'playbin2'
0:00:00.242620000  8297    0x1001b1a00 DEBUG     GST_PLUGIN_LOADING gstpluginfeature.c:110:GstPluginFeature *gst_plugin_feature_load(GstPluginFeature *): loading plugin playback
0:00:00.242632000  8297    0x1001b1a00 DEBUG     GST_PLUGIN_LOADING gstplugin.c:1293:GstPlugin *gst_plugin_load_by_name(const gchar *): looking up plugin playback in default registry
0:00:00.242662000  8297    0x1001b1a00 DEBUG     GST_PLUGIN_LOADING gstplugin.c:1296:GstPlugin *gst_plugin_load_by_name(const gchar *): loading plugin playback from file /opt/local/lib/gstreamer-0.10/libgstplaybin.so
0:00:00.242677000  8297    0x1001b1a00 DEBUG     GST_PLUGIN_LOADING gstplugin.c:737:GstPlugin *gst_plugin_load_file(const gchar *, GError **): attempt to load plugin "/opt/local/lib/gstreamer-0.10/libgstplaybin.so"
0:00:00.248338000  8297    0x1001b1a00 INFO      GST_PLUGIN_LOADING gstplugin.c:859:GstPlugin *gst_plugin_load_file(const gchar *, GError **): plugin "/opt/local/lib/gstreamer-0.10/libgstplaybin.so" loaded
0:00:00.248374000  8297    0x1001b1a00 DEBUG     GST_PLUGIN_LOADING gstpluginfeature.c:115:GstPluginFeature *gst_plugin_feature_load(GstPluginFeature *): loaded plugin playback
0:00:00.248390000  8297    0x1001b1a00 INFO      GST_PLUGIN_LOADING gstpluginfeature.c:145:GstPluginFeature *gst_plugin_feature_load(GstPluginFeature *): Tried to load plugin containing feature 'playbin2', but feature was not found.
0:00:00.248402000  8297    0x1001b1a00 WARN     GST_ELEMENT_FACTORY gstelementfactory.c:410:GstElement *gst_element_factory_create(GstElementFactory *, const gchar *):<playbin2> loading plugin containing feature player returned NULL!
0:00:00.248412000  8297    0x1001b1a00 INFO     GST_ELEMENT_FACTORY gstelementfactory.c:472:GstElement *gst_element_factory_make(const gchar *, const gchar *):<playbin2> couldn't create instance!
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 33, in <module>
  File "<string>", line 11, in __init__
gst.ElementNotFoundError: playbin2

它就挂在这里。如果我通过活动监视器对流程进行采样，我会得到以下结果：

[..]
_wrap_gst_element_factory_make  (in gst._gst.so)
gst_element_factory_make  (in libgstreamer-0.10.0.dylib)
gst_element_factory_create  (in libgstreamer-0.10.0.dylib)
gst_plugin_feature_load  (in libgstreamer-0.10.0.dylib)
gst_plugin_load_by_name  (in libgstreamer-0.10.0.dylib)
gst_plugin_load_file  (in libgstreamer-0.10.0.dylib)
gst_plugin_register_func  (in libgstreamer-0.10.0.dylib)
plugin_init  (in libgstplaybin.so)
gst_play_bin2_plugin_init  (in libgstplaybin.so)
gst_pipeline_get_type  (in libgstreamer-0.10.0.dylib)
gst_bin_get_type  (in libgstreamer-0.10.0.dylib)
gst_child_proxy_get_type  (in libgstreamer-0.10.0.dylib)
gst_object_get_type  (in libgstreamer-0.10.0.dylib)
g_once_init_enter  (in libglib-2.0.0.dylib)
g_cond_wait  (in libglib-2.0.0.dylib)
_pthread_cond_wait  (in libsystem_c.dylib)
__psynch_cvwait  (in libsystem_kernel.dylib)

---

一个提示将不胜感激

我终于有了以下设置的工作解决方案：

• macports（python@2.7.3、py27-gst-python@0.10.22、gstreamer010@0.10.36）
• pyinstaller 2.1-dev（ccb6f3d3d924a0dc2f9e92aa6278c28a2d743d39）
• OSX 10.8.3

pyinstaller规范文件（player.spec）： _gst.so挂钩（挂钩gst.\u gst.py）： 我为gst创建了一个非常原始的钩子。我试图将它放在本地目录中，通过分析对象的hookspath参数引用它，但我不明白pyinstaller为什么会忽略它。因此，我将其移动到/path/to/pyinstaller/pyinstaller/hooks文件夹：

pyinstaller负责计算插件的依赖关系树，将.sos和依赖的dylib一起复制到位，最后将两者的mach'o头弄乱

我还创建了一个空文件/path/to/pyinstaller/pyinstaller/hooks/hook-gst.py，以阻止pyinstaller抱怨缺少父钩子。而且，无论如何，钩子代码可以直接转到hook-gst.py

运行时钩子文件（rthook.py） 最后，我添加了一个在分析对象上引用的运行时钩子文件，该文件设置了帮助gstreamer定位插件的环境变量。此代码在player.py之前的捆绑可执行文件上执行（按照设置pyinstaller的方式执行，感谢他们的宝贵提示）：

---

这不是一个答案，而是一条评论：安装MacPorts way意味着您将不得不结束，或者要求用户安装，不仅仅是GStreamer，还包括GStreamer或Python的所有依赖项。这并非不可能，但可能会非常痛苦。另一方面，使用system Python创建一个完全独立的构建（尤其是在比您更旧的操作系统版本上工作的构建）也会很痛苦。此外，您是否尝试过在上询问GStreamer、查看钩子集合、检查相关的bug报告等。？SO上有人在Mac上使用PyInstaller打包GStreamer的几率可能比PyInstaller邮件列表上有人在MacPorts上打包GStreamer的几率要低得多，按照Kivy这样的打包方法，我已经引入了所有相关的库。这部分是由pyinstaller完成的（与python扩展的DEP有关），我创建了一组脚本来检查plugins.sos并解决依赖关系，将它们从macports的lib路径复制到打包文件夹，修复dylibs路径（使用来自gstreamer cerbero工具集的osxrelocator.py）。无论如何，我不明白为什么在复制插件之前就不能在我的系统上加载插件。我检查了hooks集合，特别是pyqt，它成功地引入了插件，还有kivy自定义hooks，但我无法完全理解它们的方式。我将在第一站再次尝试，并最终遵循您关于PyInstaller的建议。谢谢酷！如果您还没有这样做，我仍然建议您使用

PyInstaller

打开一个hooks问题，将其作为补丁提交，和/或在邮件列表上开始讨论。至少，您可能会让有PyInstaller钩子经验的人检查您所做的工作，并验证您做的一切都是正确的。

~/devel/t/simple/dist/player > GST_DEBUG=4 ./player
[..]
0:00:00.113260000  8313    0x1001b1a00 DEBUG           GST_REGISTRY gstregistrychunks.c:573:gboolean gst_registry_chunks_load_feature(GstRegistry *, gchar **, gchar *, GstPlugin *): Plugin 'playback' feature 'playbin2' typename : 'GstElementFactory'
0:00:00.113286000  8313    0x1001b1a00 DEBUG           GST_REGISTRY gstregistrychunks.c:621:gboolean gst_registry_chunks_load_feature(GstRegistry *, gchar **, gchar *, GstPlugin *): Element factory : 'Player Bin 2' with npadtemplates=0
0:00:00.113300000  8313    0x1001b1a00 DEBUG           GST_REGISTRY gstregistrychunks.c:649:gboolean gst_registry_chunks_load_feature(GstRegistry *, gchar **, gchar *, GstPlugin *): Reading 2 Interfaces at address 0x101971191
0:00:00.113318000  8313    0x1001b1a00 DEBUG           GST_REGISTRY gstregistry.c:558:gboolean gst_registry_add_feature(GstRegistry *, GstPluginFeature *):<registry0> adding feature 0x10097da20 (playbin2)
0:00:00.113332000  8313    0x1001b1a00 DEBUG        GST_REFCOUNTING gstobject.c:844:gboolean gst_object_set_parent(GstObject *, GstObject *):<playbin2> set parent (ref and sink)
0:00:00.113346000  8313    0x1001b1a00 DEBUG           GST_REGISTRY gstregistrychunks.c:709:gboolean gst_registry_chunks_load_feature(GstRegistry *, gchar **, gchar *, GstPlugin *): Added feature playbin2, plugin 0x100975be0 playback
[..]
0:00:00.242584000  8297    0x1001b1a00 DEBUG     GST_PLUGIN_LOADING gstpluginfeature.c:106:GstPluginFeature *gst_plugin_feature_load(GstPluginFeature *): loading plugin for feature 0x10097da20; 'playbin2'
0:00:00.242620000  8297    0x1001b1a00 DEBUG     GST_PLUGIN_LOADING gstpluginfeature.c:110:GstPluginFeature *gst_plugin_feature_load(GstPluginFeature *): loading plugin playback
0:00:00.242632000  8297    0x1001b1a00 DEBUG     GST_PLUGIN_LOADING gstplugin.c:1293:GstPlugin *gst_plugin_load_by_name(const gchar *): looking up plugin playback in default registry
0:00:00.242662000  8297    0x1001b1a00 DEBUG     GST_PLUGIN_LOADING gstplugin.c:1296:GstPlugin *gst_plugin_load_by_name(const gchar *): loading plugin playback from file /opt/local/lib/gstreamer-0.10/libgstplaybin.so
0:00:00.242677000  8297    0x1001b1a00 DEBUG     GST_PLUGIN_LOADING gstplugin.c:737:GstPlugin *gst_plugin_load_file(const gchar *, GError **): attempt to load plugin "/opt/local/lib/gstreamer-0.10/libgstplaybin.so"
0:00:00.248338000  8297    0x1001b1a00 INFO      GST_PLUGIN_LOADING gstplugin.c:859:GstPlugin *gst_plugin_load_file(const gchar *, GError **): plugin "/opt/local/lib/gstreamer-0.10/libgstplaybin.so" loaded
0:00:00.248374000  8297    0x1001b1a00 DEBUG     GST_PLUGIN_LOADING gstpluginfeature.c:115:GstPluginFeature *gst_plugin_feature_load(GstPluginFeature *): loaded plugin playback
0:00:00.248390000  8297    0x1001b1a00 INFO      GST_PLUGIN_LOADING gstpluginfeature.c:145:GstPluginFeature *gst_plugin_feature_load(GstPluginFeature *): Tried to load plugin containing feature 'playbin2', but feature was not found.
0:00:00.248402000  8297    0x1001b1a00 WARN     GST_ELEMENT_FACTORY gstelementfactory.c:410:GstElement *gst_element_factory_create(GstElementFactory *, const gchar *):<playbin2> loading plugin containing feature player returned NULL!
0:00:00.248412000  8297    0x1001b1a00 INFO     GST_ELEMENT_FACTORY gstelementfactory.c:472:GstElement *gst_element_factory_make(const gchar *, const gchar *):<playbin2> couldn't create instance!
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 33, in <module>
  File "<string>", line 11, in __init__
gst.ElementNotFoundError: playbin2

~/devel/t/simple/dist/player > ./player 
** Message: pygobject_register_sinkfunc is deprecated (GstObject)
player.py:11: Warning: cannot register existing type `GstObject'
player.py:11: Warning: g_once_init_leave: assertion `result != 0' failed
player.py:11: Warning: gtype.c:2720: You forgot to call g_type_init()

[..]
_wrap_gst_element_factory_make  (in gst._gst.so)
gst_element_factory_make  (in libgstreamer-0.10.0.dylib)
gst_element_factory_create  (in libgstreamer-0.10.0.dylib)
gst_plugin_feature_load  (in libgstreamer-0.10.0.dylib)
gst_plugin_load_by_name  (in libgstreamer-0.10.0.dylib)
gst_plugin_load_file  (in libgstreamer-0.10.0.dylib)
gst_plugin_register_func  (in libgstreamer-0.10.0.dylib)
plugin_init  (in libgstplaybin.so)
gst_play_bin2_plugin_init  (in libgstplaybin.so)
gst_pipeline_get_type  (in libgstreamer-0.10.0.dylib)
gst_bin_get_type  (in libgstreamer-0.10.0.dylib)
gst_child_proxy_get_type  (in libgstreamer-0.10.0.dylib)
gst_object_get_type  (in libgstreamer-0.10.0.dylib)
g_once_init_enter  (in libglib-2.0.0.dylib)
g_cond_wait  (in libglib-2.0.0.dylib)
_pthread_cond_wait  (in libsystem_c.dylib)
__psynch_cvwait  (in libsystem_kernel.dylib)

# -*- mode: python -*-
import os
import pygst
pygst.require('0.10')

a = Analysis(['rthook.py', 'player.py'],
             pathex=[os.curdir],
             hiddenimports=[],
             hookspath=None,
             runtime_hooks=None)
pyz = PYZ(a.pure)
exe = EXE(pyz,
          a.scripts,
          exclude_binaries=True,
          name='player',
          debug=False,
          strip=None,
          upx=True,
          console=True )
coll = COLLECT(exe,
               a.binaries,
               a.zipfiles,
               a.datas,
               strip=None,
               upx=True,
               name='player')

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import os

GST_PLUGINS = '/opt/local/lib/gstreamer-0.10/'

def hook(mod):
    for f in [so for so in os.listdir(GST_PLUGINS) if so[-3:].lower() == '.so']:
        mod.binaries.append((os.path.join('gst-plugins', f),
                os.path.join(GST_PLUGINS, f),
                'BINARY'))

    return mod

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import os
import sys

if hasattr(sys, '_MEIPASS'):
    # PyInstaller >= 1.6
    root = sys._MEIPASS
elif '_MEIPASS2' in environ:
    # PyInstaller < 1.6 (tested on 1.5 only)
    root = os.environ['_MEIPASS2']
else:
    root = os.path.dirname(sys.argv[0])

os.chdir(root)

os.environ['GST_REGISTRY_FORK'] = 'no'
os.environ['GST_PLUGIN_PATH'] = os.path.join(root, 'gst-plugins')

$ /path/to/pyinstaller/pyinstaller.py player.spec