如何在Python中检查两个列表是否循环相同
例如，我有以下列表：如何在Python中检查两个列表是否循环相同,python,algorithm,Python,Algorithm,例如，我有以下列表： a[0] = [1, 1, 1, 0, 0] a[1] = [1, 1, 0, 0, 1] a[2] = [0, 1, 1, 1, 0] # and so on 它们似乎不同，但如果假设起点和终点是相连的，那么它们在循环中是相同的 问题是，我的每个列表的长度都是55，其中只有3个1和52个0。如果没有循环条件，则有26235（55选择3）个列表。但是，如果条件“循环”存在，则存在大量循环相同的列表 目前，我通过以下方式循环检查身份： def is_dup(a, b):
a[0] = [1, 1, 1, 0, 0]
a[1] = [1, 1, 0, 0, 1]
a[2] = [0, 1, 1, 1, 0]
# and so on
def is_dup(a, b):
for i in range(len(a)):
if a == list(numpy.roll(b, i)): # shift b circularly by i
return True
return False
有什么好方法可以用更少的计算量来完成吗？或者任何支持循环的数据类型？首先，根据列表的长度，这可以在
O（n）[1,2,3][1,2,3,1,2,3]list*2map（str[1,2]）'.join（）['1'，'2'，'111']'12 111'def isCircular(arr1, arr2):
if len(arr1) != len(arr2):
return False
str1 = ' '.join(map(str, arr1))
str2 = ' '.join(map(str, arr2))
if len(str1) != len(str2):
return False
return str1 in str2 + ' ' + str2
O（n）O（n）O（n）O（n）O（n^2）在我的机器上0.3秒。不太长。现在尝试将其与
O（n^2）def is_circular_equal(lst1, lst2):
if len(lst1) != len(lst2):
return False
lst1, lst2 = map(str, lst1), map(str, lst2)
len_longest_element = max(map(len, lst1))
template = "{{:{}}}".format(len_longest_element)
circ_lst = " ".join([template.format(el) for el in lst1]) * 2
return " ".join([template.format(el) for el in lst2]) in circ_lst
import re
def is_circular_equal(lst1, lst2):
if len(lst2) != len(lst2):
return False
return bool(re.search(r"\b{}\b".format(' '.join(map(str, lst2))),
' '.join(map(str, lst1)) * 2))
借助@Salvadodali关于在b+b中的任意a长度切片中查找a的匹配项的观察，这里有一个仅使用列表操作的解决方案
def rollmatch(a,b):
bb=b*2
return any(not any(ax^bbx for ax,bbx in zip(a,bb[i:])) for i in range(len(a)))
l1 = [1,0,0,1]
l2 = [1,1,0,0]
l3 = [1,0,1,0]
rollmatch(l1,l2) # True
rollmatch(l1,l3) # False
第二种方法：[已删除]对Python了解不够，无法用您要求的语言回答这个问题，但在C/C++中，根据您问题的参数，我会将0和1转换为位，并将它们推到uint64\t的最低有效位上。这将允许您一下子比较所有55位-1个时钟 速度非常快，整个过程都可以放入芯片缓存（209880字节）。硬件支持将所有55个列表成员同时右移，仅在CPU的寄存器中可用。同时比较所有55个成员国也是如此。这允许将问题一对一映射到软件解决方案。（并使用SIMD/SSE 256位寄存器，如果需要，最多256个成员）因此，代码对读者来说是显而易见的 您可能能够在Python中实现这一点，我只是不太了解它，不知道这是否可能，或者性能可能如何 睡了一觉之后，一些事情变得显而易见，一切都好起来了 1.）使用位旋转循环链表非常容易，因此不需要Dali非常聪明的技巧。在64位寄存器内，标准位移位将非常简单地完成旋转，并试图通过使用算术而不是位运算，使其更加友好 2.）使用除以2可轻松完成位移位 3.）通过模2可以轻松地检查列表末尾的0或1 4.）将0从尾部“移动”到列表的头部可以通过除以2来完成。这是因为如果真的移动了零，它会使第55位为假，因为它已经完全不做任何事情了 5.）将1从尾部“移动”到列表的头部可以通过除以2并加上18014398509481984来完成-这是通过将第55位标记为真而将其余所有标记为假而创建的值 6.）如果在任何给定旋转后，锚定和组合uint64_t的比较为真，则中断并返回真 我会将整个列表数组转换为一个uint64数组，以避免重复转换 在花了几个小时试图优化代码、学习汇编语言之后，我能够在运行时节省20%。我应该补充的是，O/S和MSVC编译器昨天中午也得到了更新。无论出于何种原因，C编译器生成的代码质量在更新（2014年11月15日）后有了显著提高。运行时间现在为~70个时钟，17纳秒，用于合成并比较锚环与测试环的所有55圈，以及所有环的NxN与所有环的NxN
import re
def is_circular_equal(lst1, lst2):
if len(lst2) != len(lst2):
return False
return bool(re.search(r"\b{}\b".format(' '.join(map(str, lst2))),
' '.join(map(str, lst1)) * 2))
def rollmatch(a,b):
bb=b*2
return any(not any(ax^bbx for ax,bbx in zip(a,bb[i:])) for i in range(len(a)))
l1 = [1,0,0,1]
l2 = [1,1,0,0]
l3 = [1,0,1,0]
rollmatch(l1,l2) # True
rollmatch(l1,l3) # False
def makereps():
reps = []
for i in range(1, 55 - 1):
for j in range(i + 1, 55):
if (i, j) <= min((j - i, 55 - i), (55 - j, 55 + i - j)):
reps.append('1' + '0' * (i - 1) + '1' + '0' * (j - i - 1) + '1' + '0' * (55 - j - 1))
return reps
def normalise(lst):
# Pick the 'maximum' out of all cyclic options
return max([lst[i:]+lst[:i] for i in range(len(lst))])
a_normalised = map(normalise,a)
a_tuples = map(tuple,a_normalised)
a_unique = set(a_tuples)
list1, list2 = [0,1,1,1,0,0,1,0], [1,0,0,1,0,0,1,1]
str_list1="".join(map(str,list1))
str_list2="".join(map(str,list2))
def rotate(string_to_rotate, result=[]):
result.append(string_to_rotate)
for i in xrange(1,len(string_to_rotate)):
result.append(result[-1][1:]+result[-1][0])
return result
for x in rotate(str_list1):
if cmp(x,str_list2)==0:
print "lists are rotationally identical"
break
List 1 1 1 1 0 1 0
List 2 1 0 1 1 1 0 1st permutation
1 1 1 0 1 0 2nd permutation, final permutation, match, done
public class KmpModified
{
public int[] CalculatePhi(int[] pattern)
{
var phi = new int[pattern.Length + 1];
phi[0] = -1;
phi[1] = 0;
int pos = 1, cnd = 0;
while (pos < pattern.Length)
if (pattern[pos] == pattern[cnd])
{
cnd++;
phi[pos + 1] = cnd;
pos++;
}
else if (cnd > 0)
cnd = phi[cnd];
else
{
phi[pos + 1] = 0;
pos++;
}
return phi;
}
public IEnumerable<int> Search(int[] pattern, int[] list)
{
var phi = CalculatePhi(pattern);
int m = 0, i = 0;
while (m < list.Length)
if (pattern[i] == list[m])
{
i++;
if (i == pattern.Length)
{
yield return m - i + 1;
i = phi[i];
}
m++;
}
else if (i > 0)
{
i = phi[i];
}
else
{
i = 0;
m++;
}
}
[Fact]
public void BasicTest()
{
var pattern = new[] { 1, 1, 10 };
var list = new[] {2, 4, 1, 1, 1, 10, 1, 5, 1, 1, 10, 9};
var matches = Search(pattern, list).ToList();
Assert.Equal(new[] {3, 8}, matches);
}
[Fact]
public void SolveProblem()
{
var random = new Random();
var list = new int[10];
for (var k = 0; k < list.Length; k++)
list[k]= random.Next();
var rotation = new int[list.Length];
for (var k = 1; k < list.Length; k++)
rotation[k - 1] = list[k];
rotation[rotation.Length - 1] = list[0];
Assert.True(Search(list, rotation.Concat(rotation).ToArray()).Any());
}
}
from sets import Set
a = Set ([1, 1, 1, 0, 0])
b = Set ([0, 1, 1, 1, 0])
c = Set ([1, 0, 0, 1, 1])
a==b
True
a==b==c
True
A = [ 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0 ]
B = [ 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0 ]
~
A = [ +3, -2, +2, -1 ]
B = [ +2, -1, +3, -2 ]
FUNCTION IS_DUPLICATE (LIST L1, LIST L2) : BOOLEAN
LIST A = MAP_LIST(L1)
LIST B = MAP_LIST(L2)
LIST ALPHA = LOOKUP_INDEX(B, A[0])
IF A.SIZE != B.SIZE
OR COUNT_CHAR(A, 0) != COUNT_CHAR(B, ALPHA[0]) THEN
RETURN FALSE
END IF
FOR EACH INDEX IN ALPHA
IF ALPHA_NGRAM(A, B, INDEX, 1) THEN
IF IS_DUPLICATE(A, B, INDEX) THEN
RETURN TRUE
END IF
END IF
END FOR
RETURN FALSE
END FUNCTION
FUNCTION IS_DUPLICATE (LIST L1, LIST L2, INTEGER INDEX) : BOOLEAN
INTEGER I = 0
WHILE I < L1.SIZE DO
IF L1[I] != L2[(INDEX+I)%L2.SIZE] THEN
RETURN FALSE
END IF
I = I + 1
END WHILE
RETURN TRUE
END FUNCTION
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args){
int[] a = {0,1,1,1,0};
int[] b = {1,1,0,0,1};
System.out.println(isCircularIdentical(a, b));
}
public static boolean isCircularIdentical(int[] a, int[]b){
if(a.length != b.length){
return false;
}
//The outer loop is for the increase of the index of the second list
outer:
for(int i = 0; i < a.length; i++){
//Loop trough the list and compare each value to the according value of the second list
for(int k = 0; k < a.length; k++){
// I use modulo length to wrap around the index
if(a[k] != b[(k + i) % a.length]){
//If the values do not match I continue and shift the index one further
continue outer;
}
}
return true;
}
return false;
}
}
def normalize_rotation_index(ls, v_min_other=None):
""" Return the index or -1 (when the minimum is above `v_min_other`) """
if len(ls) <= 1:
return 0
def compare_rotations(i_a, i_b):
""" Return True when i_a is smaller.
Note: unless there are large duplicate sections of identical values,
this loop will exit early on.
"""
for offset in range(1, len(ls)):
v_a = ls[(i_a + offset) % len(ls)]
v_b = ls[(i_b + offset) % len(ls)]
if v_a < v_b:
return True
elif v_a > v_b:
return False
return False
v_min = ls[0]
i_best_first = 0
i_best_last = 0
i_best_total = 1
for i in range(1, len(ls)):
v = ls[i]
if v_min > v:
v_min = v
i_best_first = i
i_best_last = i
i_best_total = 1
elif v_min == v:
i_best_last = i
i_best_total += 1
# all values match
if i_best_total == len(ls):
return 0
# exit early if we're not matching another lists minimum
if v_min_other is not None:
if v_min != v_min_other:
return -1
# simple case, only one minimum
if i_best_first == i_best_last:
return i_best_first
# otherwise find the minimum with the lowest values compared to all others.
# start looking after the first we've found
i_best = i_best_first
for i in range(i_best_first + 1, i_best_last + 1):
if (ls[i] == v_min) and (ls[i - 1] != v_min):
if compare_rotations(i, i_best):
i_best = i
return i_best
def compare_circular_lists(ls_a, ls_b):
# sanity checks
if len(ls_a) != len(ls_b):
return False
if len(ls_a) <= 1:
return (ls_a == ls_b)
index_a = normalize_rotation_index(ls_a)
index_b = normalize_rotation_index(ls_b, ls_a[index_a])
if index_b == -1:
return False
if index_a == index_b:
return (ls_a == ls_b)
# cancel out 'index_a'
index_b = (index_b - index_a)
if index_b < 0:
index_b += len(ls_a)
index_a = 0 # ignore it
# compare rotated lists
for i in range(len(ls_a)):
if ls_a[i] != ls_b[(index_b + i) % len(ls_b)]:
return False
return True
assert(compare_circular_lists([0, 9, -1, 2, -1], [-1, 2, -1, 0, 9]) == True)
assert(compare_circular_lists([2, 9, -1, 0, -1], [-1, 2, -1, 0, 9]) == False)
assert(compare_circular_lists(["Hello" "Circular", "World"], ["World", "Hello" "Circular"]) == True)
assert(compare_circular_lists(["Hello" "Circular", "World"], ["Circular", "Hello" "World"]) == False)
Hb=0;
for (i=0; i<N ; i++)
{
Hb = Hb*P + B[i];
}
Hb=0;
for (i=0; i<N ; i++)
{
Hb += B[i] * P^(N-1-i); //^ is exponentiation, not XOR
}
Hb1 = Hb*P + B[0]*(1-(P^N))
Hb2 = Hb1*P + B[1]*(1-(P^N))