如何使用python仅将所需行从一个csv文件复制到另一个csv文件？

我正在尝试编写一个程序，仅当one.csv文件的第二列中至少有以下一个（'Urology'、'Urologist'、'Urologist'、'Urologist'、'MD'、'D.name'）时，才将一个.csv文件的行复制到五个.csv文件

例如： 一个.csv文件如下所示（如下所示）

现在，在运行我的代码之后，我应该得到包含以下内容的5.csv文件（如下）

只有至少包含以下内容之一的行（“泌尿科”、“泌尿科”、“泌尿科”、“MD”、“医生姓名”）才应复制到five.csv

但是，我得到了这个

12th may    urologist           MS          urologist       very good 
12th June   urologist           MS          urologist       very good 

没有标题行，并且通过替换新文件中的D.name列，“speciality”似乎翻了一番。从昨天起我就一直试图解决这个问题，但根本没有解决办法

我该如何解决这个问题

这是我的代码：

import csv
input = open('test.csv', 'rb')
output = open('first_test.csv', 'wb')
writer = csv.writer(output)
for row in csv.reader(input):
    for row[1] in row:
        if (('Urology' in row[1]) or ('Urologist' in row[1]) or ('Urologists' in row[1]) or ('MD' in row[1]) or ('D.name' in row[1])):
            writer.writerow(row)

---

摆脱内部循环

for row[1] in row:
    ...

此位在这里是不必要的，您将迭代

行[1]

中的每个字符，并多次执行相同的操作

在重构代码时，我建议使用

with

语句来处理文件：

with open('test.csv', 'rb') as input, open('first_test.csv', 'wb') as output: 
    writer = csv.writer(output)
    for row in csv.reader(input):
        if (('Urology' in row[1]) or ('Urologist' in row[1]) or ('Urologists' in row[1]) or ('MD' in row[1]) or ('D.name' in row[1])):
            writer.writerow(row)

---

现在不必担心关闭文件。

摆脱内部循环

for row[1] in row:
    ...

此位在这里是不必要的，您将迭代

行[1]

中的每个字符，并多次执行相同的操作

在重构代码时，我建议使用

with

语句来处理文件：

with open('test.csv', 'rb') as input, open('first_test.csv', 'wb') as output: 
    writer = csv.writer(output)
    for row in csv.reader(input):
        if (('Urology' in row[1]) or ('Urologist' in row[1]) or ('Urologists' in row[1]) or ('MD' in row[1]) or ('D.name' in row[1])):
            writer.writerow(row)

---

您不必担心现在关闭文件。

另一种更干净的方法是将所有待搜索字符串保存在元组中，并使用任何运算符搜索所有字符串。这将避免在if条件中添加额外的条件，而只需要在预期的元组中添加新字符串

import platform
import csv

def readWrite():
  ## List all the to-be-searched strings
  expected = ('Urology', 'Urologist', 'Urologists', 'MD', 'D.name')
  with open('test.csv', 'r') as input, open('first_test.csv', 'w') as output: 
    writer = csv.writer(output)
    for row in csv.reader(input):
      ## search all strings in above listed list
      if any(string in row[1] for string in expected):
        writer.writerow(row)
  with open('first_test.csv', 'r') as f:
    print (f.read())


print("Python version : " + platform.python_version())
readWrite()

样本运行

Python version : 3.6.1
date,D.name,location,speciality,comment

12th may,sth MD,MS,urologist,very good

---

另一种更简洁的方法是将所有要搜索的字符串保存在一个元组中，并使用任何运算符搜索所有字符串。这将避免在if条件中添加额外的条件，而只需要在预期的元组中添加新字符串

import platform
import csv

def readWrite():
  ## List all the to-be-searched strings
  expected = ('Urology', 'Urologist', 'Urologists', 'MD', 'D.name')
  with open('test.csv', 'r') as input, open('first_test.csv', 'w') as output: 
    writer = csv.writer(output)
    for row in csv.reader(input):
      ## search all strings in above listed list
      if any(string in row[1] for string in expected):
        writer.writerow(row)
  with open('first_test.csv', 'r') as f:
    print (f.read())


print("Python version : " + platform.python_version())
readWrite()

样本运行

Python version : 3.6.1
date,D.name,location,speciality,comment

12th may,sth MD,MS,urologist,very good