按照变量声明的顺序检索局部变量()-python

按照变量声明的顺序检索局部变量()-python,python,locals,Python,Locals,比如说, a = 1 b = 2 c = 3 当调用locals()时,我得到 { 'a': 1, 'c': 3, 'b': 2, '__builtins__': <module '__builtin__' (built-in)>, '__package__': None, '__name__': '__main__', '__doc__': None } {'a':1,'c':3,'b':2,''uuuu内置':,'uuuu包':None','uuuu名称':uuuu主'

比如说,

a = 1

b = 2 

c = 3
当调用
locals()
时,我得到

{ 'a': 1, 'c': 3, 'b': 2, '__builtins__': <module '__builtin__' (built-in)>, '__package__': None, '__name__': '__main__', '__doc__': None }
{'a':1,'c':3,'b':2,''uuuu内置':,'uuuu包':None','uuuu名称':uuuu主','uuu文档':None}

如何按照我定义的顺序从locals()中检索局部变量?

您可以通过访问代码对象在函数中执行此操作

\uuuu code\uuu
对象的
.co\u varnames
属性按定义的顺序存储变量。此扩展示例具有指导意义,它显示了参数如何传递给函数以及内部定义的变量:

def foo(a, b, c=3, d=4, *args, **kwargs):
    e = 5
    f = 6
    g = 7
    for var in foo.__code__.co_varnames:
        print(var, locals()[var])
现在(由于print语句和函数之间的差异,在Python 2中看起来会略有不同):


鉴于locals()没有按顺序检索函数参数,我创建了一个实用函数用于调试

import inspect
import logging
import traceback

def get_function_name():
    return traceback.extract_stack(None, 2)[0][2]

def get_function_parameters_and_values():
    frame = inspect.currentframe().f_back
    args, _, _, values = inspect.getargvalues(frame)
    return ([(i, values[i]) for i in args])

def my_func(a, b, c=None):
    logging.info('Running ' + get_function_name() + '(' + str(get_function_parameters_and_values()) +')')
    pass

logger = logging.getLogger()
handler = logging.StreamHandler()
formatter = logging.Formatter(
    '%(asctime)s [%(levelname)s] -> %(message)s')
handler.setFormatter(formatter)
logger.addHandler(handler)
logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)

my_func(1, 3) # 2016-03-25 17:16:06,927 [INFO] -> Running my_func([('a', 1), ('b', 3), ('c', None)])

值得注意的是,这并没有回答如何使局部变量有序的问题。相反,此答案按顺序获取参数
import inspect
import logging
import traceback

def get_function_name():
    return traceback.extract_stack(None, 2)[0][2]

def get_function_parameters_and_values():
    frame = inspect.currentframe().f_back
    args, _, _, values = inspect.getargvalues(frame)
    return ([(i, values[i]) for i in args])

def my_func(a, b, c=None):
    logging.info('Running ' + get_function_name() + '(' + str(get_function_parameters_and_values()) +')')
    pass

logger = logging.getLogger()
handler = logging.StreamHandler()
formatter = logging.Formatter(
    '%(asctime)s [%(levelname)s] -> %(message)s')
handler.setFormatter(formatter)
logger.addHandler(handler)
logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)

my_func(1, 3) # 2016-03-25 17:16:06,927 [INFO] -> Running my_func([('a', 1), ('b', 3), ('c', None)])