Python3.7真的比Python3.6快吗？

我曾经在ubuntu中运行Python3.6.7。今天，我尝试了全新的python 3.7.3，但我有点失望：在我看来，3.7比3.6慢：

这两个版本都取自deadsnakes/ppa，当我运行Python基准测试套件时，我注意到了相反的情况，在许多测试中，3.7应该比3.6快（dixit speed.Python.org）：

python 3.6：

[ 1/47] 2to3...
INFO:root:Running `/home/elapouya/tmp/venv36/bin/python -u /home/elapouya/tmp/venv36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/performance/benchmarks/bm_2to3.py --output /tmp/tmp27lejbkn`
.....................
2to3: Mean +- std dev: 319 ms +- 5 ms
[ 2/47] chameleon...
INFO:root:Running `/home/elapouya/tmp/venv36/bin/python -u /home/elapouya/tmp/venv36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/performance/benchmarks/bm_chameleon.py --output /tmp/tmp_jvgzmw7`
.....................
chameleon: Mean +- std dev: 8.99 ms +- 0.13 ms
[ 3/47] chaos...
INFO:root:Running `/home/elapouya/tmp/venv36/bin/python -u /home/elapouya/tmp/venv36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/performance/benchmarks/bm_chaos.py --output /tmp/tmpbpea7n4x`
.....................
chaos: Mean +- std dev: 114 ms +- 2 ms
[ 4/47] crypto_pyaes...
INFO:root:Running `/home/elapouya/tmp/venv36/bin/python -u /home/elapouya/tmp/venv36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/performance/benchmarks/bm_crypto_pyaes.py --output /tmp/tmptbh2r8k1`
.....................
crypto_pyaes: Mean +- std dev: 103 ms +- 1 ms
[ 5/47] deltablue...
INFO:root:Running `/home/elapouya/tmp/venv36/bin/python -u /home/elapouya/tmp/venv36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/performance/benchmarks/bm_deltablue.py --output /tmp/tmpm_fyde6p`
.....................
deltablue: Mean +- std dev: 7.19 ms +- 0.12 ms[1/1] 
raytrace...
INFO:root:Running `/home/elapouya/tmp/venv36/bin/python -u /home/elapouya/tmp/venv36/lib/python3.6/site-packages/performance/benchmarks/bm_raytrace.py --output /tmp/tmpeaeg9hxq`
.....................
raytrace: Mean +- std dev: 536 ms +- 8 ms

python 3.7：

[ 1/47] 2to3...
INFO:root:Running `/home/elapouya/tmp/venv37/bin/python -u /home/elapouya/tmp/venv37/lib/python3.7/site-packages/performance/benchmarks/bm_2to3.py --output /tmp/tmp96xnk361`
.....................
2to3: Mean +- std dev: 349 ms +- 4 ms
[ 2/47] chameleon...
INFO:root:Running `/home/elapouya/tmp/venv37/bin/python -u /home/elapouya/tmp/venv37/lib/python3.7/site-packages/performance/benchmarks/bm_chameleon.py --output /tmp/tmpzj3vo0qn`
.....................
chameleon: Mean +- std dev: 11.7 ms +- 0.2 ms
[ 3/47] chaos...
INFO:root:Running `/home/elapouya/tmp/venv37/bin/python -u /home/elapouya/tmp/venv37/lib/python3.7/site-packages/performance/benchmarks/bm_chaos.py --output /tmp/tmp5nfno0s9`
.....................
chaos: Mean +- std dev: 132 ms +- 2 ms
[ 4/47] crypto_pyaes...
INFO:root:Running `/home/elapouya/tmp/venv37/bin/python -u /home/elapouya/tmp/venv37/lib/python3.7/site-packages/performance/benchmarks/bm_crypto_pyaes.py --output /tmp/tmpq3mv75iz`
.....................
crypto_pyaes: Mean +- std dev: 124 ms +- 2 ms
[ 5/47] deltablue...
INFO:root:Running `/home/elapouya/tmp/venv37/bin/python -u /home/elapouya/tmp/venv37/lib/python3.7/site-packages/performance/benchmarks/bm_deltablue.py --output /tmp/tmp01whaidm`
.....................
deltablue: Mean +- std dev: 8.93 ms +- 0.15 ms
[ 6/47] django_template...
[1/1] raytrace...
INFO:root:Running `/home/elapouya/tmp/venv37/bin/python -u /home/elapouya/tmp/venv37/lib/python3.7/site-packages/performance/benchmarks/bm_raytrace.py --output /tmp/tmpce_59p1p`
.....................
raytrace: Mean +- std dev: 603 ms +- 12 ms

我还尝试编译Python3.7.3源代码（使用--enable优化），但速度并不是很快

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我错在哪里？为什么，在我运行的官方基准测试套件中，python3.7没有像speed.python.org所说的那样快于3.6？

查看所有3.6和3.7版本的构建日志，3.6版本在CFLAGS中有-O2，3.7没有。这可能就是区别所在。在发现我为一个项目进行基准测试的大型排序操作的性能急剧下降后，我不得不在我的RPi上重新编译3.7.3

使用stock 3.5.3，它可以在大约139秒内完成10^6整数的基数排序；新的3.7.3安装只使用--enable优化，改为765秒。将CFLAGS和config args与3.5.3安装相匹配将排序时间降低到143秒。我认为，这主要是由于CFLAGS和config args中分别存在-O2和--enable计算GOTO

您可以通过下载3.7.3源代码并使用-O2和--enable computed gotos执行altinstall来找到答案

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编辑：10^6整数，而不是10^7。

为什么你认为它应该有显著的不同？speed.python.org说python 3.7比3.6快，我的测试则相反