Python 从列表中获取键和值
我在制作字典和从名称和值列表中获取键和值时遇到问题 列表如下所示:Python 从列表中获取键和值,python,list,dictionary,matplotlib,Python,List,Dictionary,Matplotlib,我在制作字典和从名称和值列表中获取键和值时遇到问题 列表如下所示: ['smer', '1245', 'kdh', '7845', 'smer', '697', 'sns', '78', 'du', '421', 'smer', '632', 'ol', '4144', 'most-hid', '457', 'smer', '12', 'ol', '897', 'most-hid', '1234', 'kdh', '555', 'ol', '898', 'du', '7845'] 我的问题是如
['smer', '1245', 'kdh', '7845', 'smer', '697', 'sns', '78', 'du', '421', 'smer', '632', 'ol', '4144', 'most-hid', '457', 'smer', '12', 'ol', '897', 'most-hid', '1234', 'kdh', '555', 'ol', '898', 'du', '7845']
我的问题是如何将名称作为键,将数字作为值
如果键已经在字典中,它将把这些值相加
然后我如何用它做一个饼图
我只是在学习python,我想不出这个
def strany():
slovnik={}
zoznam=[]
x=open('Strany.txt','r')
for i in x.readlines():
i=i.strip()
casty=i.split(' ')
for x in casty:
zoznam.append(x)
我不知道如何继续下去
谢谢您的建议。只需重复浏览列表,按两步走,然后取出每个键/值。像这样
l = ['1','a','2','b','3','c']
for i in range(0, len(l), 2):
print('key=' + l[i] + 'value=' + l[i+1])
将打印功能替换为适合您的问题的功能
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
summed = {}
x = ['smer', '1245', 'kdh', '7845', 'smer', '697', 'sns', '78', 'du', '421', 'smer', '632', 'ol', '4144', 'most-hid', '457', 'smer', '12', 'ol', '897', 'most-hid', '1234', 'kdh', '555', 'ol', '898', 'du', '7845']
it = iter(x)
for k,v in zip(it,it):
summed[k] = summed.get(k,0) + float(v)
plt.pie(summed.values(), labels=summed.keys())
plt.show()
若要处理文件部分,假设您希望在文件中的所有行中使用一个饼图:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
with open('Strany.txt') as f:
it = (y for z in f for y in z.strip().split())
summed = {}
for k,v in zip(it,it):
summed[k] = summed.get(k,0) + float(v)
plt.pie(summed.values(), labels=summed.keys())
plt.show()
统计局正在为选举做准备吗?木荷荷荷
result = {}
a=['smer', '8', 'kdh', '7', 'smer', '6']
while a:
party = a.pop(0)
number = int(a.pop(0))
if (party in result.keys()):
result[party]+=number
else:
result[party]=number
您可以对重复键的值进行求和,调用列表中的ite
r,并在压缩后将每个配对解压缩到一个循环中:
l = ['smer', '1245', 'kdh', '7845', 'smer', '697', 'sns', '78', 'du', '421', 'smer', '632', 'ol', '4144', 'most-hid', '457', 'smer', '12', 'ol', '897', 'most-hid', '1234', 'kdh', '555', 'ol', '898', 'du', '7845']
from collections import defaultdict
d = defaultdict(int)
it = iter(l)
for k,v in zip(it,it):
d[k] += int(v)
print(d)
defaultdict(<class 'int'>, {'sns': 78, 'ol': 5939, 'du': 8266, 'smer': 2586, 'most-hid': 1691, 'kdh': 8400})
您可以使用常规dict和dict.setdefault
实现相同的功能:
with open("infile") as f:
d = {}
for k,v in csv.reader(f,delimiter=" "):
d.setdefault(k , 0)
d[k] += int(v)
您可以从列表中创建一个迭代器,并使用它的
next
方法
lt_iter= iter(lst)
dic={}
while True:
try:
key=lt_iter.next()
value= lt_iter.next()
if key in dic:
dic[key]+=value
else:
dic[key]=value
except StopIteration:
break
print dic
加载到字典很容易,但您需要一个类似于生成饼图的绘图库
#load the value in the list
k = ['smer', '1245', 'kdh', '7845', 'smer', '697', 'sns', '78', 'du', '421', 'smer', '632', 'ol', '4144', 'most-hid', '457', 'smer', '12', 'ol', '897', 'most-hid', '1234', 'kdh', '555', 'ol', '898', 'du', '7845']
#create a dictionary to hold the values
d = {}
for i in range(0,len(k),2):#iterate the length of the list, i will be every other index
key = k[i]
val = float(k[i+1])
if d.has_key(key): #if the key exists perform summation
d[key] += val
else: #if the key does not exist create it
d[key] = val
# a plotting library like matplot lib is required for the pie chart
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
labels = d.keys()
values = d.values()
plt.pie(values, # data
labels=labels, # slice labels
autopct='%1.1f%%', # print the values inside the wedges
)
plt.show()
你试过什么?什么东西不起作用?你犯了什么错误?你的代码是什么样子的?首先不要构建列表。直接从文件构建dict要容易得多。当您建立列表时,您将丢失文件提供给您的自然分组对。@user2357112,这对重复无效keys@PadraicCunningham:对,我刚看到那部分。不过,直接构建dict更容易;这已经不是一行了。先看问题。不幸的是,是的,但这是一个额外的家庭作业,所以我试着去做,但现在我成功了hurry@Padraic坎宁安,你是100%对的。你的答案是真实的python我的答案是“python for dummies”(无意冒犯)。我不想冒犯,但这不应该是赢家。下面有更好的答案
#load the value in the list
k = ['smer', '1245', 'kdh', '7845', 'smer', '697', 'sns', '78', 'du', '421', 'smer', '632', 'ol', '4144', 'most-hid', '457', 'smer', '12', 'ol', '897', 'most-hid', '1234', 'kdh', '555', 'ol', '898', 'du', '7845']
#create a dictionary to hold the values
d = {}
for i in range(0,len(k),2):#iterate the length of the list, i will be every other index
key = k[i]
val = float(k[i+1])
if d.has_key(key): #if the key exists perform summation
d[key] += val
else: #if the key does not exist create it
d[key] = val
# a plotting library like matplot lib is required for the pie chart
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
labels = d.keys()
values = d.values()
plt.pie(values, # data
labels=labels, # slice labels
autopct='%1.1f%%', # print the values inside the wedges
)
plt.show()