Python 如何避免刮痧症

在我的

parse_项

回调中有以下代码：

sel = Selector(response)
item['name'] = sel.xpath('//div[@class="productDescriptionBlock"]/h2/text()').extract()[0]
return item

但是我得到了UnicodeEncodeError：

exceptions.UnicodeEncodeError: 'charmap' codec can't encode character u'\uff01' in position 271761: character maps to <undefined>

---

我以前见过这个。如果我没有错，您正在使用规则的链接提取器中的

restrict\xpaths

参数

可能的解决办法是：

避免对该特定站点使用

restrict\u xpath

。这是因为页面内容包含声明的编码中未定义的字符

识别无效字符并在规则对其执行操作之前替换它们。不过，这可能很棘手

使用此答案中的中间件将响应重新编码为其声明的编码：

---

异常的完整回溯是什么？您更新的错误看起来好像您正在抓取的站点报告了错误的编码（响应中的HTTP头告诉您要使用什么编解码器，而

response.encoding

就是该值）。我们必须看看是否有人有特定的知识，可以提供一个这样的网站变通。该网站的元标签中有这一点。当然可以，但是我认为

response.encoding

属性反映了

内容类型：text/html；字符集=..

值。

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/scraper/.fakeroot/lib/python2.7/site-packages/twisted/internet/base.py", line 824, in runUntilCurrent
    call.func(*call.args, **call.kw)
  File "/home/scraper/.fakeroot/lib/python2.7/site-packages/twisted/internet/task.py", line 638, in _tick
    taskObj._oneWorkUnit()
  File "/home/scraper/.fakeroot/lib/python2.7/site-packages/twisted/internet/task.py", line 484, in _oneWorkUnit
    result = next(self._iterator)
  File "/home/scraper/.fakeroot/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/utils/defer.py", line 57, in <genexpr>
    work = (callable(elem, *args, **named) for elem in iterable)
--- <exception caught here> ---
  File "/home/scraper/.fakeroot/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/utils/defer.py", line 96, in iter_errback
    yield next(it)
  File "/home/scraper/.fakeroot/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/contrib/spidermiddleware/offsite.py", line 23, in process_spider_output
    for x in result:
  File "/home/scraper/.fakeroot/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/contrib/spidermiddleware/referer.py", line 22, in <genexpr>
    return (_set_referer(r) for r in result or ())
  File "/home/scraper/.fakeroot/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/contrib/spidermiddleware/urllength.py", line 33, in <genexpr>
    return (r for r in result or () if _filter(r))
  File "/home/scraper/.fakeroot/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/contrib/spidermiddleware/depth.py", line 50, in <genexpr>
    return (r for r in result or () if _filter(r))
  File "/home/scraper/.fakeroot/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/contrib/spiders/crawl.py", line 73, in _parse_response
    for request_or_item in self._requests_to_follow(response):
  File "/home/scraper/.fakeroot/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/contrib/spiders/crawl.py", line 52, in _requests_to_follow
    links = [l for l in rule.link_extractor.extract_links(response) if l not in seen]
  File "/home/scraper/.fakeroot/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scrapy/contrib/linkextractors/sgml.py", line 124, in extract_links
    ).encode(response.encoding)
  File "/home/scraper/.fakeroot/lib/python2.7/encodings/cp1252.py", line 12, in encode
    return codecs.charmap_encode(input,errors,encoding_table)
exceptions.UnicodeEncodeError: 'charmap' codec can't encode character u'\x99' in position 349751: character maps to <undefined>