Fatal编程技术网
  • python/
  • Ubuntu-Python-Apache2-Mod_WSGI-Django：没有名为/TypeError/TemplateSyntaxError/'的模块；str'；对象不可调用

Ubuntu-Python-Apache2-Mod_WSGI-Django：没有名为/TypeError/TemplateSyntaxError/'的模块；str'；对象不可调用

python django apache ubuntu

Ubuntu-Python-Apache2-Mod_WSGI-Django：没有名为/TypeError/TemplateSyntaxError/'的模块；str'；对象不可调用,python,django,apache,ubuntu,mod-wsgi,Python,Django,Apache,Ubuntu,Mod Wsgi,编辑：我可能包含了太多的信息，但我注意到，在URL.py中，如果我将名称更改为不存在的项目或应用，我会收到“无模块命名”错误，但如果将其更改为现有模块之一，我会收到“str”对象不可调用的错误。这可能是我的主要问题，是什么导致我猜测我的url设置。我对编辑/建议有疑问 所以我开发动态PHP网站已经有一段时间了，但我开始使用python，我喜欢它的工作方式。我得到了mod_wsgi并了解了如何为页面提供服务，但后来意识到没有web框架，我不能只从post请求$_['data']。因此，我试图让Dj

编辑：我可能包含了太多的信息，但我注意到，在URL.py中，如果我将名称更改为不存在的项目或应用，我会收到“无模块命名”错误，但如果将其更改为现有模块之一，我会收到“str”对象不可调用的
错误。这可能是我的主要问题，是什么导致我猜测我的url设置。我对编辑/建议有疑问

所以我开发动态PHP网站已经有一段时间了，但我开始使用python，我喜欢它的工作方式。我得到了mod_wsgi并了解了如何为页面提供服务，但后来意识到没有web框架，我不能只从post请求$_['data']。因此，我试图让Django工作，但我似乎无法降低视图。它一直在说没有模块名truprecision\u us，但文件夹中有一个uuu init\uuuuuu.py

在httpd.conf中，我有WSGIScriptAlias//usr/lib/cgi-bin/root.py

root.py是：


import os
import sys

os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'settings'

import django.core.handlers.wsgi
application = django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler()

path = '/pythonProjects/truprecision_us/'
if path not in sys.path:
    sys.path.append(path)


注意，我的项目目录中有sys.path.append

__init_uu;.py为空

manage.py是股票


#!/usr/bin/env python
from django.core.management import execute_manager
import imp
try:
    imp.find_module('settings') # Assumed to be in the same directory.
except ImportError:
    import sys
    sys.stderr.write("Error: Can't find the file 'settings.py' in the directory containing %r. It appears you've customized things.\nYou'll have to run django-admin.py, passing it your settings module.\n" % __file__)
    sys.exit(1)

import settings

if __name__ == "__main__":
    execute_manager(settings)


settings.py是最常用的，除了我在安装的应用程序中为我的视图添加了两行代码之外，我认为我遇到了问题。我试着在IRC频道上提问，在谷歌上搜索答案，但都没有用


# Django settings for truprecision_us project.

DEBUG = True
TEMPLATE_DEBUG = DEBUG

ADMINS = (
    # ('Your Name', 'your_email@example.com'),
)

MANAGERS = ADMINS

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.', # Add 'postgresql_psycopg2', 'postgresql', 'mysql', 'sqlite3' or 'oracle'.
        'NAME': '',                      # Or path to database file if using sqlite3.
        'USER': '',                      # Not used with sqlite3.
        'PASSWORD': '',                  # Not used with sqlite3.
        'HOST': '',                      # Set to empty string for localhost. Not used with sqlite3.
        'PORT': '',                      # Set to empty string for default. Not used with sqlite3.
    }
}

# Hosts/domain names that are valid for this site; required if DEBUG is False
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/{{ docs_version }}/ref/settings/#allowed-hosts
ALLOWED_HOSTS = []

# Local time zone for this installation. Choices can be found here:
# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_zones_by_name
# although not all choices may be available on all operating systems.
# On Unix systems, a value of None will cause Django to use the same
# timezone as the operating system.
# If running in a Windows environment this must be set to the same as your
# system time zone.
TIME_ZONE = 'America/New_York'

# Language code for this installation. All choices can be found here:
# http://www.i18nguy.com/unicode/language-identifiers.html
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

SITE_ID = 1

# If you set this to False, Django will make some optimizations so as not
# to load the internationalization machinery.
USE_I18N = True

# If you set this to False, Django will not format dates, numbers and
# calendars according to the current locale
USE_L10N = True

# Absolute filesystem path to the directory that will hold user-uploaded files.
# Example: "/home/media/media.lawrence.com/media/"
MEDIA_ROOT = ''

# URL that handles the media served from MEDIA_ROOT. Make sure to use a
# trailing slash.
# Examples: "http://media.lawrence.com/media/", "http://example.com/media/"
MEDIA_URL = ''

# Absolute path to the directory static files should be collected to.
# Don't put anything in this directory yourself; store your static files
# in apps' "static/" subdirectories and in STATICFILES_DIRS.
# Example: "/home/media/media.lawrence.com/static/"
STATIC_ROOT = ''

# URL prefix for static files.
# Example: "http://media.lawrence.com/static/"
STATIC_URL = '/static/'

# URL prefix for admin static files -- CSS, JavaScript and images.
# Make sure to use a trailing slash.
# Examples: "http://foo.com/static/admin/", "/static/admin/".
ADMIN_MEDIA_PREFIX = '/static/admin/'

# Additional locations of static files
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
    # Put strings here, like "/home/html/static" or "C:/www/django/static".
    # Always use forward slashes, even on Windows.
    # Don't forget to use absolute paths, not relative paths.
)

# List of finder classes that know how to find static files in
# various locations.
STATICFILES_FINDERS = (
    'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.FileSystemFinder',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.AppDirectoriesFinder',
#    'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.DefaultStorageFinder',
)

# Make this unique, and don't share it with anybody.
SECRET_KEY = 'q=_je0#v-bwu$bni!pc#^^jdgh9g212e)+^n6$4c2f(8s1k2cw'

# List of callables that know how to import templates from various sources.
TEMPLATE_LOADERS = (
    'django.template.loaders.filesystem.Loader',
    'django.template.loaders.app_directories.Loader',
#     'django.template.loaders.eggs.Loader',
)

MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
)

ROOT_URLCONF = 'urls'

TEMPLATE_DIRS = (
    # Put strings here, like "/home/html/django_templates" or "C:/www/django/templates".
    # Always use forward slashes, even on Windows.
    # Don't forget to use absolute paths, not relative paths.
)

INSTALLED_APPS = (
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.sites',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'views',
    'polls'
    # Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
    # 'django.contrib.admin',
    # Uncomment the next line to enable admin documentation:
    # 'django.contrib.admindocs',
)

# A sample logging configuration. The only tangible logging
# performed by this configuration is to send an email to
# the site admins on every HTTP 500 error.
# See http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/logging for
# more details on how to customize your logging configuration.
LOGGING = {
    'version': 1,
    'disable_existing_loggers': False,
    'handlers': {
        'mail_admins': {
            'level': 'ERROR',
            'class': 'django.utils.log.AdminEmailHandler'
        }
    },
    'loggers': {
        'django.request': {
            'handlers': ['mail_admins'],
            'level': 'ERROR',
            'propagate': True,
        },
    }
}


你会注意到我添加了“视图”和“投票”。现在我不知道哪种方法才是正确的，因为这两种方法似乎都不起作用。按照现在的方式，我得到了：


ViewDoesNotExist at /

Could not import truprecision_us. Error was: No module named truprecision_us

Request Method:     GET
Request URL:    https://truprecision.us/
Django Version:     1.3.1
Exception Type:     ViewDoesNotExist
Exception Value:    

Could not import truprecision_us. Error was: No module named truprecision_us

Exception Location:     /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/urlresolvers.py in _get_callback, line 167
Python Executable:  /usr/bin/python
Python Version:     2.7.3
Python Path:    

['/pythonProjects/jobManager',
 '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/truprecision_us-2.0-py2.7.egg',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/plat-linux2',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-old',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload',
 '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PIL',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gst-0.10',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gtk-2.0',
 '/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntu-sso-client',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-client',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-control-panel',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-couch',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-installer',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-storage-protocol',
 '/pythonProjects/truprecision_us/']



TypeError at /

'str' object is not callable

Request Method:     GET
Request URL:    https://truprecision.us/
Django Version:     1.3.1
Exception Type:     TypeError
Exception Value:    

'str' object is not callable

Exception Location:     /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py in get_response, line 111
Python Executable:  /usr/bin/python
Python Version:     2.7.3
Python Path:    

['/pythonProjects/jobManager',
 '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/truprecision_us-2.0-py2.7.egg',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/plat-linux2',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-old',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload',
 '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PIL',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gst-0.10',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gtk-2.0',
 '/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntu-sso-client',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-client',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-control-panel',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-couch',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-installer',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-storage-protocol',
 '/pythonProjects/truprecision_us/']

Server time:    Thu, 7 Nov 2013 15:13:19 -0500

Traceback:
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in get_response
  111.                         response = callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)

Exception Type: TypeError at /
Exception Value: 'str' object is not callable


如果我将其更改为“trupecision_us.views”，我会收到一个内部服务器错误，它不会捕获并向浏览器显示调试，它会显示：

TemplateSyntaxError:渲染时捕获到导入错误：没有名为truprecision\u us的模块。视图

My urls.py如下所示：


from django.conf.urls.defaults import patterns, include, url

# Uncomment the next two lines to enable the admin:
# from django.contrib import admin
# admin.autodiscover()

urlpatterns = patterns('',
    # Examples:
     url(r'^$', 'truprecision_us.views', name='index'),
    # url(r'^truprecision_us/', include('truprecision_us.foo.urls')),

    # Uncomment the admin/doc line below to enable admin documentation:
    # url(r'^admin/doc/', include('django.contrib.admindocs.urls')),

    # Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
    # url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
)



from django.http import HttpResponse


def results(request):
    test = 1
    return test



/path/to/pythonProjects/truprecision_us/manage.py
/path/to/pythonProjects/truprecision_us/urls.py
/path/to/pythonProjects/truprecision_us/settings.py
/path/to/pythonProjects/truprecision_us/polls/views.py
/path/to/pythonProjects/truprecision_us/polls/models.py


my views.py如下所示：


from django.conf.urls.defaults import patterns, include, url

# Uncomment the next two lines to enable the admin:
# from django.contrib import admin
# admin.autodiscover()

urlpatterns = patterns('',
    # Examples:
     url(r'^$', 'truprecision_us.views', name='index'),
    # url(r'^truprecision_us/', include('truprecision_us.foo.urls')),

    # Uncomment the admin/doc line below to enable admin documentation:
    # url(r'^admin/doc/', include('django.contrib.admindocs.urls')),

    # Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
    # url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
)



from django.http import HttpResponse


def results(request):
    test = 1
    return test



/path/to/pythonProjects/truprecision_us/manage.py
/path/to/pythonProjects/truprecision_us/urls.py
/path/to/pythonProjects/truprecision_us/settings.py
/path/to/pythonProjects/truprecision_us/polls/views.py
/path/to/pythonProjects/truprecision_us/polls/models.py


我甚至在我的/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages中添加了带有easy_install的.egg链接，但都没有用。我不明白为什么这个模块不存在。现在，如果我将我的settings.py安装的_应用更改为：


INSTALLED_APPS = (
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.sites',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'views'
    # Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
    # 'django.contrib.admin',
    # Uncomment the next line to enable admin documentation:
    # 'django.contrib.admindocs',
)


和my url.py到：


from django.conf.urls.defaults import patterns, include, url

# Uncomment the next two lines to enable the admin:
# from django.contrib import admin
# admin.autodiscover()

urlpatterns = patterns('',
    # Examples:
     url(r'^$', 'truprecision_us', name='index'),
    # url(r'^truprecision_us/', include('truprecision_us.foo.urls')),

    # Uncomment the admin/doc line below to enable admin documentation:
    # url(r'^admin/doc/', include('django.contrib.admindocs.urls')),

    # Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
    # url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
)


我明白了：


ViewDoesNotExist at /

Could not import truprecision_us. Error was: No module named truprecision_us

Request Method:     GET
Request URL:    https://truprecision.us/
Django Version:     1.3.1
Exception Type:     ViewDoesNotExist
Exception Value:    

Could not import truprecision_us. Error was: No module named truprecision_us

Exception Location:     /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/urlresolvers.py in _get_callback, line 167
Python Executable:  /usr/bin/python
Python Version:     2.7.3
Python Path:    

['/pythonProjects/jobManager',
 '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/truprecision_us-2.0-py2.7.egg',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/plat-linux2',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-old',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload',
 '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PIL',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gst-0.10',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gtk-2.0',
 '/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntu-sso-client',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-client',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-control-panel',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-couch',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-installer',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-storage-protocol',
 '/pythonProjects/truprecision_us/']



TypeError at /

'str' object is not callable

Request Method:     GET
Request URL:    https://truprecision.us/
Django Version:     1.3.1
Exception Type:     TypeError
Exception Value:    

'str' object is not callable

Exception Location:     /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py in get_response, line 111
Python Executable:  /usr/bin/python
Python Version:     2.7.3
Python Path:    

['/pythonProjects/jobManager',
 '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/truprecision_us-2.0-py2.7.egg',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/plat-linux2',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-old',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload',
 '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PIL',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gst-0.10',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gtk-2.0',
 '/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntu-sso-client',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-client',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-control-panel',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-couch',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-installer',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-storage-protocol',
 '/pythonProjects/truprecision_us/']

Server time:    Thu, 7 Nov 2013 15:13:19 -0500

Traceback:
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in get_response
  111.                         response = callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)

Exception Type: TypeError at /
Exception Value: 'str' object is not callable



问题在于项目结构，以及如何在
url.py
文件中定义
已安装的应用程序和视图。两种不同的项目结构可以是：


/path/to/PROJECT/manage.py
/path/to/PROJECT/urls.py
/path/to/PROJECT/APP/views.py

url(r'^$', 'APP.views.index', name='index'), # when index is a function in APP.views

INSTALLED_APPS = (
    'APP',
)


或

因此，根据您的文件夹结构，您应该使用格式正确的点.path来命名已安装的应用程序和URL。请注意，与
manage.py
的“距离”决定了在
INSTALLED\u apps
和
urls.py
中指定应用时，应如何设置点路径的格式

编辑：

因此，您的结构如下所示：


from django.conf.urls.defaults import patterns, include, url

# Uncomment the next two lines to enable the admin:
# from django.contrib import admin
# admin.autodiscover()

urlpatterns = patterns('',
    # Examples:
     url(r'^$', 'truprecision_us.views', name='index'),
    # url(r'^truprecision_us/', include('truprecision_us.foo.urls')),

    # Uncomment the admin/doc line below to enable admin documentation:
    # url(r'^admin/doc/', include('django.contrib.admindocs.urls')),

    # Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
    # url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
)



from django.http import HttpResponse


def results(request):
    test = 1
    return test



/path/to/pythonProjects/truprecision_us/manage.py
/path/to/pythonProjects/truprecision_us/urls.py
/path/to/pythonProjects/truprecision_us/settings.py
/path/to/pythonProjects/truprecision_us/polls/views.py
/path/to/pythonProjects/truprecision_us/polls/models.py


您的项目名称是
truprecision\u us
。但这不是应用程序的名称！将
views.py
放在项目目录中并不意味着它将成为一个应用程序。您要做的是：


python manage.py startapp truprecision_us


应创建以下文件夹和文件：


/path/to/pythonProjects/truprecision_us/truprecision_us/views.py
/path/to/pythonProjects/truprecision_us/truprecision_us/models.py


现在，您安装的应用程序应该是：


INSTALLED_APPS = (
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.sites',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'truprecision_us',
    'polls'
)



urlpatterns = patterns('',
     url(r'^$', 'truprecision_us.views.index', name='main_index'),
     url(r'^polls/$', 'polls.views.index', name='poll_index'),    
)


您的URL应该是：


INSTALLED_APPS = (
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.sites',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'truprecision_us',
    'polls'
)



urlpatterns = patterns('',
     url(r'^$', 'truprecision_us.views.index', name='main_index'),
     url(r'^polls/$', 'polls.views.index', name='poll_index'),    
)


上面的URL假设您在两个
views.py
文件中都有一个名为
index
的函数：

truprecision_us/views.py：


def index(request):
    # do something
    return render_to('truprecision/index.html', {'context_key':'value'})



def index(request):
    # do something
    return render_to('truprecision/index.html', {'context_key':'value'})


polls/views.py：


def index(request):
    # do something
    return render_to('truprecision/index.html', {'context_key':'value'})



def index(request):
    # do something
    return render_to('truprecision/index.html', {'context_key':'value'})


您可以通过首先运行开发服务器来测试是否正确设置了django：


python manage.py runserver



你试过类似的东西吗


来自truprecision\u us导入视图

在URL.py中？然后试试看


url（r'^$'、'trucprecision\u us.views.results'，name='results'）
您试图在走路之前先跑。在学习时，不需要费劲地使用mod_wsgi和Apache，您应该使用内置的dev服务器。你应该做这个教程，它确切地解释了什么是应用程序以及如何配置URL.py。当我陷入困境时，我一直在遵循这个教程。我还有apache和mod_wsgi，它们工作得很好。德扬戈人是在追查事实。我不确定这和我的问题有什么关系。你能显示你项目的文件夹布局吗？包括项目文件夹、应用程序文件夹和视图。我有一个名为pythonProjects/truprecision_us的文件夹，其中包含views.py，还有一个位于pythonProjects/truprecision_us/polls（来自教程）中的文件夹，该文件夹是我用manage.py创建的，我建议编辑您的答案，因为已安装的应用程序是在settings.py中设置的。我确实尝试了你的建议，但它仍然声称没有安装模块。我认为这可能是一个权限问题，并给予了www数据组权限，但这也无济于事。应该是Web服务器在调用，对吗？另外，我在上面的评论中回答了您关于文件夹的问题。有趣的是，即使使用from django.shortcuts import render_to_response，您所说的将make/polls/say NameError render_to也没有定义，但根本无法解决根本问题。事实上，我不能在settings.py中使用'truprecision_us'，否则我会得到内部服务器错误模板SyntaxError:Capture ImportError when rendering:没有名为truprecision_的模块实际render_to_response（）可以工作！我从已安装的应用程序中删除了“truprecision_us”，我可以将根目录映射到我想要的任何应用程序。我将接受您的回答。这将修复显示为内部服务器错误的错误，但不会修复django将名为truprecision_us的模块处的导入错误。。