Python lxml：如何使用xpath选择器获取XML标记名？

我正在尝试使用Python和

lxml

解析以下XML：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="/bind9.xsl"?>
<isc version="1.0">
  <bind>
    <statistics version="2.2">
      <memory>
        <summary>
          <TotalUse>1232952256
          </TotalUse>
          <InUse>835252452
          </InUse>
          <BlockSize>598212608
          </BlockSize>
          <ContextSize>52670016
          </ContextSize>
          <Lost>0
          </Lost>
        </summary>
      </memory>
    </statistics>
  </bind>
</isc>

我已经设法提取了元素值，但是我无法找到xpath表达式来获取元素标记名

示例脚本：

from lxml import etree as et

def main():

    xmlfile = "bind982.xml"
    location = "bind/statistics/memory/summary/*"
    label_selector = "??????" ## what to put here...?
    value_selector = "text()"

    with open(xmlfile, "r") as data:
        xmldata = et.parse(data)

        etree = xmldata.getroot()

        statlist = etree.xpath(location)

        for stat in statlist:
            label = stat.xpath(label_selector)[0]
            value = stat.xpath(value_selector)[0]
            print "{0}: {1}".format(label, value)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

我知道我可以使用

value=stat.tag

而不是

stat.xpath（）

，但是脚本必须具有足够的通用性，以处理标签选择器不同的其他XML片段

---

哪个xpath选择器将返回元素的标记名？

我认为这两个值不需要xpath，元素节点具有属性

标记

和

文本

，因此请使用列表：

[(element.tag, element.text) for element in etree.xpath(location)]

或者如果您真的想使用XPath

result = [(element.xpath('name()'), element.xpath('string()')) for element in etree.xpath(location)]

当然，您也可以构建字典列表：

result = [{ element.tag : element.text } for element in root.xpath(location)]

或

---

只需使用XPath的

name（）

，并删除零索引，因为这将返回字符串而不是列表

from lxml import etree as et

def main():

    xmlfile = "ExtractXPathTagName.xml"
    location = "bind/statistics/memory/summary/*"
    label_selector = "name()"                         ## what to put here...?
    value_selector = "text()"

    with open(xmlfile, "r") as data:
        xmldata = et.parse(data)

        etree = xmldata.getroot()

        statlist = etree.xpath(location)

        for stat in statlist:
            label = stat.xpath(label_selector)
            value = stat.xpath(value_selector)[0]
            print("{0}: {1}".format(label, value).strip())

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

输出

TotalUse: 1232952256    
InUse: 835252452    
BlockSize: 598212608    
ContextSize: 52670016    
Lost: 0

from lxml import etree as et

def main():

    xmlfile = "ExtractXPathTagName.xml"
    location = "bind/statistics/memory/summary/*"
    label_selector = "name()"                         ## what to put here...?
    value_selector = "text()"

    with open(xmlfile, "r") as data:
        xmldata = et.parse(data)

        etree = xmldata.getroot()

        statlist = etree.xpath(location)

        for stat in statlist:
            label = stat.xpath(label_selector)
            value = stat.xpath(value_selector)[0]
            print("{0}: {1}".format(label, value).strip())

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

TotalUse: 1232952256    
InUse: 835252452    
BlockSize: 598212608    
ContextSize: 52670016    
Lost: 0