使用python向web动态提供matplotlib映像
这个问题也曾以类似的方式被问过，但答案太离谱了（我对python和web开发非常陌生），所以我希望有一种更简单的方法，或者可以用不同的方式来解释 我正在尝试使用matplotlib生成一个图像，并在不向服务器写入文件的情况下提供它。我的代码可能有点傻，但它是这样的：使用python向web动态提供matplotlib映像,python,matplotlib,cgi,Python,Matplotlib,Cgi,这个问题也曾以类似的方式被问过，但答案太离谱了（我对python和web开发非常陌生），所以我希望有一种更简单的方法，或者可以用不同的方式来解释 我正在尝试使用matplotlib生成一个图像，并在不向服务器写入文件的情况下提供它。我的代码可能有点傻，但它是这样的： import cgi import matplotlib.pyplot as pyplot import cStringIO #I think I will need this but not sure how to use ..
import cgi
import matplotlib.pyplot as pyplot
import cStringIO #I think I will need this but not sure how to use
...a bunch of matplotlib stuff happens....
pyplot.savefig('test.png')
print "Content-type: text/html\n"
print """<html><body>
...a bunch of text and html here...
<img src="test.png"></img>
...more text and html...
</body></html>
"""
print "Content-type: image/png\n"
我不知道如何将它与我已经输出的HTML集成 除非我严重误解了您的问题，否则您所需要做的就是将cd刻录到映像的位置并运行：python-msimplehttpserver 8000&
然后打开浏览器，键入
http://localhost:8000/# Build your matplotlib image in a iostring here
# ......
#
# Initialise the base64 string
#
imgStr = "data:image/png;base64,"
imgStr += base64.b64encode(mybuffer)
print "Content-type: text/html\n"
print """<html><body>
# ...a bunch of text and html here...
<img src="%s"></img>
#...more text and html...
</body></html>
""" % imgStr
#在iostring中构建matplotlib映像
# ......
#
#初始化base64字符串
#
imgStr=“data:image/png；base64，”
imgStr+=base64.b64编码（mybuffer）
打印“内容类型：文本/html\n”
打印“”
#…这里有一堆文本和html。。。
#…更多文本和html。。。
“”%imgStr
- 首先写入cStringIO对象
- 然后编写HTTP头
- 然后将cStringIO的内容写入标准输出
savefigsavefigformat = "png"
sio = cStringIO.StringIO()
pyplot.savefig(sio, format=format)
print "Content-Type: image/%s\n" % format
msvcrt.setmode(sys.stdout.fileno(), os.O_BINARY) # Needed this on windows, IIS
sys.stdout.write(sio.getvalue())
print "Content-Type: text/html\n"
print """<html><body>
...a bunch of text and html here...
<img src="data:image/png;base64,%s"/>
...more text and html...
</body></html>""" % sio.getvalue().encode("base64").strip()
print“内容类型：text/html\n”
打印“”
…这里有一堆文本和html。。。
…更多文本和html。。。
“%sio.getvalue（）.encode（“base64”）.strip（）
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from io import BytesIO
fig = plt.figure()
plt.plot(range(10))
figdata = BytesIO()
fig.savefig(figdata, format='png')
self.set_header('Content-Type', 'image/png')
self.write(figdata.getvalue())
使用python3对我有效的是：
buf = io.BytesIO()
plt.savefig(buf, format='png')
image_base64 = base64.b64encode(buf.getvalue()).decode('utf-8').replace('\n', '')
buf.close()
我知道我在这里参加聚会有点晚了，但我也遇到了同样的问题，最后还是写了下面的小脚本 此python 3.6+代码：
- 启动web服务器并告诉您在何处查看它
- 扫描自身以“plot_”开头的类方法，并向浏览器提供绘图列表
- 对于单击的绘图，提示输入所需参数（如果有），包括自动刷新周期（秒）
- 执行绘图并刷新
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import pandas as pd
import io
from http.server import HTTPServer,BaseHTTPRequestHandler
import urllib
import inspect
class PlotRequestHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
def do_GET(self):
args = urllib.parse.parse_qs(self.path[2:])
args = {i:args[i][0] for i in args}
html = ''
if 'mode' not in args:
plots = ''
for member in dir(self):
if member[:5] == 'plot_':
plots += f'<a href="http://{self.server.server_name}:{self.server.server_port}/?mode=paramcheck&graph={member}">{member[5:].replace("_"," ").title()}</a><br/>\n'
html = f'''<html><body><h1>Available Plots</h1>{plots}</body></html>'''
elif args['mode'] == 'paramcheck':
plotargs = inspect.getargspec(getattr(self,args['graph'])).args
if len(plotargs) == 1 and plotargs[0].lower()=='self':
args['mode'] = 'plotpage'
else:
for arg in plotargs:
if arg.lower() != 'self':
html += f"<input name='{arg}' placeholder='{arg}' value='' /><br />\n"
html = f"<html><body><h1>Parameters:</h1><form method='GET'>{html}<input name='refresh_every' value='60' />(Refresh in sec)<br /><input type='hidden' name='mode' value='plotpage'/><input type='hidden' name='graph' value='{args['graph']}'/><input type='submit' value='Plot!'/></form></body></html>"
if 'mode' in args and args['mode'] == 'plotpage':
html = f'''<html><head><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="{args['refresh_every']};URL=\'http://{self.server.server_name}:{self.server.server_port}{self.path}\'" /></head>
<body><img src="http://{self.server.server_name}:{self.server.server_port}{self.path.replace('plotpage','plot')}" /></body>'''
elif 'mode' in args and args['mode'] == 'plot':
try:
plt = getattr(self,args['graph'])(*tuple((args[arg] for arg in inspect.getargspec(getattr(self,args['graph'])).args if arg in args)))
self.send_response(200)
self.send_header('Content-type', 'image/png')
self.end_headers()
plt.savefig(self.wfile, format='png')
except Exception as e:
html = f"<html><body><h1>Error:</h1>{e}</body></html>"
if html != '':
self.send_response(200)
self.send_header('Content-type', 'text/html')
self.end_headers()
self.wfile.write(bytes(html,'utf-8'))
def plot_convergence(self, file_path, sheet_name=None):
if sheet_name == None:
data = pd.read_csv(file_path)
else:
data = pd.read_excel(file_path, sheet_name)
fig, ax1 = plt.subplots()
ax1.set_xlabel('Iteration')
ax1.set_ylabel('LOSS', color='tab:red')
ax1.set_ylim([0,1000])
ax1.plot(data.iteration, data.loss, color='tab:red')
ax2 = ax1.twinx()
ax2.set_ylabel('Precision, Recall, f Score')
ax2.set_ylim([0,1])
ax2.plot(data.iteration, data.precision, color='tab:blue')
ax2.plot(data.iteration, data.recall, color='tab:green')
ax2.plot(data.iteration, data['f-score'], color='tab:orange')
fig.tight_layout()
plt.legend(loc=6)
return plt
def main(server_port:"Port to serve on."=9999,server_address:"Local server name."=''):
httpd = HTTPServer((server_address, server_port), PlotRequestHandler)
print(f'Serving on http://{httpd.server_name}:{httpd.server_port} ...')
httpd.serve_forever()
if __name__ == '__main__':
import plac; plac.call(main)
将numpy导入为np
将matplotlib.pyplot作为plt导入
作为pd进口熊猫
输入io
从http.server导入HTTPServer，BaseHTTPRequestHandler
导入URL库
进口检验
类PlotRequestHandler（BaseHTTPRequestHandler）：
def do_获得（自我）：
args=urllib.parse.parse_qs（self.path[2:]）
args={i:args[i][0]表示args中的i}
html=“”
如果参数中没有“模式”：
绘图=“”
对于dir（self）中的成员：
如果成员[：5]=“绘图”：
绘图+=f'
\n'
html=f''Available Plots{Plots}''
elif args['mode']=='paramcheck'：
plotargs=inspect.getargspec（getattr（self，args['graph']）.args
如果len（plotargs）==1且plotargs[0]。lower（）==“self”：
args['mode']='plotpage'
其他：
对于绘图参数中的参数：
如果参数较低（）！='自我‘：
html+=f“
\n”
html=f“参数：{html}（以秒刷新）
”
如果args中的'mode'和args['mode']='plotpage'：
html=f''
'''
参数中的elif“mode”和参数[“mode”]=“plot”：
尝试：
plt=getattr（self，args['graph']）（*元组（（inspect.getargspec中arg的args[arg]）（getattr（self，args['graph']））。如果args中arg，则为args）））
自我发送_响应（200）
self.send_头（'Content-type'，'image/png'）
自攻头
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import pandas as pd
import io
from http.server import HTTPServer,BaseHTTPRequestHandler
import urllib
import inspect
class PlotRequestHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
def do_GET(self):
args = urllib.parse.parse_qs(self.path[2:])
args = {i:args[i][0] for i in args}
html = ''
if 'mode' not in args:
plots = ''
for member in dir(self):
if member[:5] == 'plot_':
plots += f'<a href="http://{self.server.server_name}:{self.server.server_port}/?mode=paramcheck&graph={member}">{member[5:].replace("_"," ").title()}</a><br/>\n'
html = f'''<html><body><h1>Available Plots</h1>{plots}</body></html>'''
elif args['mode'] == 'paramcheck':
plotargs = inspect.getargspec(getattr(self,args['graph'])).args
if len(plotargs) == 1 and plotargs[0].lower()=='self':
args['mode'] = 'plotpage'
else:
for arg in plotargs:
if arg.lower() != 'self':
html += f"<input name='{arg}' placeholder='{arg}' value='' /><br />\n"
html = f"<html><body><h1>Parameters:</h1><form method='GET'>{html}<input name='refresh_every' value='60' />(Refresh in sec)<br /><input type='hidden' name='mode' value='plotpage'/><input type='hidden' name='graph' value='{args['graph']}'/><input type='submit' value='Plot!'/></form></body></html>"
if 'mode' in args and args['mode'] == 'plotpage':
html = f'''<html><head><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="{args['refresh_every']};URL=\'http://{self.server.server_name}:{self.server.server_port}{self.path}\'" /></head>
<body><img src="http://{self.server.server_name}:{self.server.server_port}{self.path.replace('plotpage','plot')}" /></body>'''
elif 'mode' in args and args['mode'] == 'plot':
try:
plt = getattr(self,args['graph'])(*tuple((args[arg] for arg in inspect.getargspec(getattr(self,args['graph'])).args if arg in args)))
self.send_response(200)
self.send_header('Content-type', 'image/png')
self.end_headers()
plt.savefig(self.wfile, format='png')
except Exception as e:
html = f"<html><body><h1>Error:</h1>{e}</body></html>"
if html != '':
self.send_response(200)
self.send_header('Content-type', 'text/html')
self.end_headers()
self.wfile.write(bytes(html,'utf-8'))
def plot_convergence(self, file_path, sheet_name=None):
if sheet_name == None:
data = pd.read_csv(file_path)
else:
data = pd.read_excel(file_path, sheet_name)
fig, ax1 = plt.subplots()
ax1.set_xlabel('Iteration')
ax1.set_ylabel('LOSS', color='tab:red')
ax1.set_ylim([0,1000])
ax1.plot(data.iteration, data.loss, color='tab:red')
ax2 = ax1.twinx()
ax2.set_ylabel('Precision, Recall, f Score')
ax2.set_ylim([0,1])
ax2.plot(data.iteration, data.precision, color='tab:blue')
ax2.plot(data.iteration, data.recall, color='tab:green')
ax2.plot(data.iteration, data['f-score'], color='tab:orange')
fig.tight_layout()
plt.legend(loc=6)
return plt
def main(server_port:"Port to serve on."=9999,server_address:"Local server name."=''):
httpd = HTTPServer((server_address, server_port), PlotRequestHandler)
print(f'Serving on http://{httpd.server_name}:{httpd.server_port} ...')
httpd.serve_forever()
if __name__ == '__main__':
import plac; plac.call(main)