Python 如何解决TypeError：规范必须是pymongo上dict的实例

我有一个mongodb集合，我必须根据文档中是否存在子文档将一些数据插入其中。集合中的示例文档是

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我必须根据id的值更新它，这样，如果id已经在文档中，就更新它，否则就创建新文档。我使用的语法是：

posts4 = db4.posts
post_id4 = posts4.update(posts4.find_one({'id' : usr.get('id')}), dict4, upsert = True)

  File "new.py", line 63, in <module>
    stream.statuses.filter(follow = 95995660)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/twython/streaming/types.py", line 65, in filter
    self.streamer._request(url, 'POST', params=params)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/twython/streaming/api.py", line 148, in _request
    if self.on_success(data):  # pragma: no cover
  File "new.py", line 48, in on_success
    post_id4 = posts4.update(posts4.find_one({'id' : usr.get('id')}), dict4, upsert = True)
  File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/pymongo/collection.py", line 463, in update
    raise TypeError("spec must be an instance of dict")
TypeError: spec must be an instance of dict

dict4

是要更新的新文档，如果找到id

但是，这给了我一个错误，对此的完整回溯是：

posts4 = db4.posts
post_id4 = posts4.update(posts4.find_one({'id' : usr.get('id')}), dict4, upsert = True)

  File "new.py", line 63, in <module>
    stream.statuses.filter(follow = 95995660)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/twython/streaming/types.py", line 65, in filter
    self.streamer._request(url, 'POST', params=params)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/twython/streaming/api.py", line 148, in _request
    if self.on_success(data):  # pragma: no cover
  File "new.py", line 48, in on_success
    post_id4 = posts4.update(posts4.find_one({'id' : usr.get('id')}), dict4, upsert = True)
  File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/pymongo/collection.py", line 463, in update
    raise TypeError("spec must be an instance of dict")
TypeError: spec must be an instance of dict

文件“new.py”，第63行，在
stream.status.filter（follow=95995660）
文件“/usr/lib/python2.7/site packages/twython/streaming/types.py”，第65行，在过滤器中
self.streamer._请求（url，'POST'，params=params）
文件“/usr/lib/python2.7/site packages/twython/streaming/api.py”，第148行，在请求中
如果自我成功（数据）：#布拉格语：无封面
文件“new.py”，第48行，on_success
post_id4=posts4.update（posts4.find_one（{'id'：usr.get（'id'）），dict4，upsert=True）
文件“/usr/lib64/python2.7/site packages/pymongo/collection.py”，第463行，在更新中
raise TypeError（“规范必须是dict的实例”）
TypeError:规范必须是dict的实例

---

请帮忙

当作为更新参数传递时，要更新的搜索条件必须是字典。 您可以直接传递字典进行更新，如下所示：

posts4 = db4.posts
post_id4 = posts4.update({'id' : usr.get('id')}, dict4, upsert = True)

---

您可以查看详细信息

I bet

posts4.find_one（{'id'：usr.get（'id'））

返回

None

。检查它打印的内容：

打印类型（posts4.find_one（{'id'：usr.get（'id'）））

@alecxe，您是对的，它不返回任何内容。但这不是upsert的全部要点吗？如果没有找到与规范匹配的实例，则更新

update

要求第一个参数是

dict

类型（请参阅）。您不需要显式调用

find_one

。试试：

posts4.update（{'id'：usr.get（'id'）}，dict4，upsert=True）

@alecxe谢谢，效果很好