Python 如何从文件中提取大括号之间的字符串

我有nagios/icinga对象文件，下面有类似的内容，但很多。如何使用bash或python提取类似的对象，例如仅提取“主机对象”或“服务对象”

define host{          ## extract including the "define host {....}"
    use             generic-switch
    host_name       bras ;
    alias           bras-gw.example.com;
    address         20.94.66.88
    hostgroups      bgp;
}

define host{    ## extract including the "define host {....} define host {....} "
    use             generic-switch
    host_name       ar1 ;
    alias           ar1.example.com;
    address         22.98.66.244
    hostgroups      bgp;
}

define servicegroup {
   servicegroup_name Premium
   alias Premium-BGP
}
define service {
   host_name                ar0
   service_description      Get-Speed- BGP-INTL dsdf34
   check_command            check_bgp!secreat!10.10.40.44
   check_interval           1
   use                      generic-service
   notification_interval    0 ; set > 0 if you want to be re-notified
}

 define service {
   host_name                ar10
   service_description      Get-Speed- BGP-INTL rrdf34
   check_command            check_bgp!secreat!10.10.40.77
   check_interval           1
   use                      generic-service
   notification_interval    0 ; set > 0 if you want to be re-notified
   check_period                          24x7
           notification_period                   24x7
           contact_groups                        p2p,l2,system2,admins
           use                                   generic-service
           max_check_attempts      3
           notification_options    c,r
}

目标是从文件中提取特定的主机或服务对象

    define host{
    use             generic-switch
    host_name       ar0 ;
    alias           id6.example.net;
    address         20.24.6.22
    hostgroups      bgp;
}
define host{
    use             generic-switch
    host_name       bras ;
    alias           bras-gw.abc.com.dp;
    address         202.33.66.254
    hostgroups      bgp;
}
define host{
    use             generic-switch
    host_name       ar1 ;
    alias           ar1.abc.com;
    address         20.94.66.44
    hostgroups      bgp;
    } 

Ans:

sed-nr'/.*（\bhost\b |\b服务\b）。*\{/，/\}/p'数据文件

---

如@ritesht93提供的，如果我理解正确，您不需要

服务组

。对吗

您可以使用此

sed

命令：

$ sed -nr '/.*(\bhost\b|\bservice\b).*\{/,/\}/ p' data 
define host{          ## extract including the "define host {....}"
    use             generic-switch
    host_name       bras ;
    alias           bras-gw.example.com;
    address         20.94.66.88
    hostgroups      bgp;
}
define host{    ## extract including the "define host {....} define host {....} "
    use             generic-switch
    host_name       ar1 ;
    alias           ar1.example.com;
    address         22.98.66.244
    hostgroups      bgp;
}
define service {
   host_name                ar0
   service_description      Get-Speed- BGP-INTL dsdf34
   check_command            check_bgp!secreat!10.10.40.44
   check_interval           1
   use                      generic-service
   notification_interval    0 ; set > 0 if you want to be re-notified
}
 define service {
   host_name                ar10
   service_description      Get-Speed- BGP-INTL rrdf34
   check_command            check_bgp!secreat!10.10.40.77
   check_interval           1
   use                      generic-service
   notification_interval    0 ; set > 0 if you want to be re-notified
   check_period                          24x7
           notification_period                   24x7
           contact_groups                        p2p,l2,system2,admins
           use                                   generic-service
           max_check_attempts      3
           notification_options    c,r
}
$

如果只希望大括号内的内容，可以使用以下选项：

$ sed -nr '/.*(\bhost\b|\bservice\b).*\{/,/\}/ p' data | sed -r '/^\s*define.*\{/d;s/\}/\n/g'
    use             generic-switch
    host_name       bras ;
    alias           bras-gw.example.com;
    address         20.94.66.88
    hostgroups      bgp;


    use             generic-switch
    host_name       ar1 ;
    alias           ar1.example.com;
    address         22.98.66.244
    hostgroups      bgp;


   host_name                ar0
   service_description      Get-Speed- BGP-INTL dsdf34
   check_command            check_bgp!secreat!10.10.40.44
   check_interval           1
   use                      generic-service
   notification_interval    0 ; set > 0 if you want to be re-notified


   host_name                ar10
   service_description      Get-Speed- BGP-INTL rrdf34
   check_command            check_bgp!secreat!10.10.40.77
   check_interval           1
   use                      generic-service
   notification_interval    0 ; set > 0 if you want to be re-notified
   check_period                          24x7
           notification_period                   24x7
           contact_groups                        p2p,l2,system2,admins
           use                                   generic-service
           max_check_attempts      3
           notification_options    c,r


$

---

回答得好！但问题不在于获取服务和组的括号内的内容吗？@Inian OP说他只需要

主机对象

和

服务对象

，因此我认为这意味着不需要任何组，即不需要

主机组

和不

服务组

第一个组的工作方式与charm sed-nr'/.（\bhost\b|\bservice\b）类似/p'datatrusted这个sed-n'/^define host{/，/\}$/p'bgp.cfg虽然有效，但我认为@ritesht93提供的答案更好