Python 尝试在使用多处理时附加到列表

我已经开始使用Python和Netmiko连接到Cisco设备，并将CLI命令刮入数据。这是伟大的工作，但我需要减少脚本所需的时间来完成时，有大量的设备

只要在我使用的函数中打印输出，我就可以让多处理工作正常进行。但是，当我尝试使用具有多处理的共享列表时，它失败了

对于本例，我正在生成一个称为“devices.py”的字典列表，称为“device\u list”：

Netmiko模块将使用此词典列表连接到我的测试实验室中的设备

以下是主要节目：

import multiprocessing as mp
from time import time
from netmiko import Netmiko
from devices import device_list

def connect_to_dev(output, **device):
    net_connect = Netmiko(**device)
    show_ver = net_connect.send_command('show version', use_textfsm = True)
    net_connect.disconnect()
    hostname = show_ver[0]['hostname']
    image = show_ver[0]['running_image'][28:62]
    result = '{}\nHostname: {}, version {}'.format(line, hostname, image)
    output.append(result)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    line = '*'*70
    start = time()
    mgr = mp.Manager()
    output = mgr.list()
    processes = []

    for device in device_list:
        p = mp.Process(target=connect_to_dev, args=output, kwargs=device)
        processes.append(p)
        p.start()
    for p in processes:
        p.join()

    end = time()
    runtime = round((end - start), 2)
    print(output)
    print('{}\nTime elapsed: {} seconds\n{}'.format(line, runtime, line))

我试图获得“connect_to_dev”函数生成的每个“result”，并将其附加到“output”列表中。我得到了这个错误：

Process Process-2:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/multiprocessing/process.py", line 258, in _bootstrap
    self.run()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/multiprocessing/process.py", line 93, in run
    self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
TypeError: connect_to_dev() missing 1 required positional argument: 'output'
Process Process-3:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/multiprocessing/process.py", line 258, in _bootstrap
    self.run()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/multiprocessing/process.py", line 93, in run
    self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
Process Process-5:
TypeError: connect_to_dev() missing 1 required positional argument: 'output'
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/multiprocessing/process.py", line 258, in _bootstrap
    self.run()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/multiprocessing/process.py", line 93, in run
    self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
TypeError: connect_to_dev() missing 1 required positional argument: 'output'
Process Process-6:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/multiprocessing/process.py", line 258, in _bootstrap
    self.run()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/multiprocessing/process.py", line 93, in run
    self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
TypeError: connect_to_dev() missing 1 required positional argument: 'output'
Process Process-4:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/multiprocessing/process.py", line 258, in _bootstrap
    self.run()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/multiprocessing/process.py", line 93, in run
    self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
TypeError: connect_to_dev() missing 1 required positional argument: 'output'
[]
**********************************************************************
Time elapsed: 0.05 seconds
**********************************************************************

---

将

args=output

更改为

args=（output，）

这太神奇了！这就解决了问题。非常感谢你！将

args=output

更改为

args=（output，）

这太神奇了！这就解决了问题。非常感谢你！

Process Process-2:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/multiprocessing/process.py", line 258, in _bootstrap
    self.run()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/multiprocessing/process.py", line 93, in run
    self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
TypeError: connect_to_dev() missing 1 required positional argument: 'output'
Process Process-3:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/multiprocessing/process.py", line 258, in _bootstrap
    self.run()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/multiprocessing/process.py", line 93, in run
    self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
Process Process-5:
TypeError: connect_to_dev() missing 1 required positional argument: 'output'
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/multiprocessing/process.py", line 258, in _bootstrap
    self.run()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/multiprocessing/process.py", line 93, in run
    self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
TypeError: connect_to_dev() missing 1 required positional argument: 'output'
Process Process-6:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/multiprocessing/process.py", line 258, in _bootstrap
    self.run()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/multiprocessing/process.py", line 93, in run
    self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
TypeError: connect_to_dev() missing 1 required positional argument: 'output'
Process Process-4:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/multiprocessing/process.py", line 258, in _bootstrap
    self.run()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/multiprocessing/process.py", line 93, in run
    self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
TypeError: connect_to_dev() missing 1 required positional argument: 'output'
[]
**********************************************************************
Time elapsed: 0.05 seconds
**********************************************************************